【建议收藏】ABAP随笔-EXCEL-4-批量导入-推荐

01

Excel批量导入3-CL_XLSX_DOCUMENT

我是如何接触到这个类的呢，就要感谢Wang Jerry 的一篇文章。感谢sap研究院大佬让我更透彻的了解了一下XLSX其实就是多个XML文件组合成的。

链接如下：使用ABAP操作Excel的几种方法

下面看我的程序：

DATA error_text TYPE string.
lv_filename = p_file.
      CHECK lv_filename ISNOTINITIAL.

      CALLMETHOD  zcl_document_jxzhu=>import_document_from_frontend  "调用方法获取Excel数据

        EXPORTING

           pi_filename     = lv_filename  " 文件路径

*          pi_sheetname    = 'Sheet1'  "sheet 页名称

*          start_row       = '2' "开始获取的行号

           check_structure = abap_on   "是否匹配结构去获取excel数据（X为 excel排列顺序和内表字段顺序无关,仅用结构来匹配）

        IMPORTING

           error_text      =  error_text  "错误消息

        CHANGING

           pt_tab          = lt_zmmt001

        EXCEPTIONS

           file_open_error = 1

           OTHERS          = 2.

      IF sy-subrc <> 0.

*        Implement suitable error handling here

      ENDIF.

       cl_demo_output=>display( lt_zmmt001 ).

 

*create a xlsx handler
    DATA(xlsxhandler) = cl_ehfnd_xlsx=>get_instance( ). 
*open xlxs into xstring 
DATA(xstring_excel) = cl_openxml_helper=>load_local_file( pi_filename ). 
*load the xlsx         
DATA(xlsxdocument) = xlsxhandler->load_doc( iv_file_data = xstring_excel ). 
*extract data from sheet ( pi_sheetname) 
DATA(firstsheet) = xlsxdocument->get_sheet_by_name( iv_sheet_name = pi_sheetname ).   ”根据传入的sheet名称获取sheet
*extract data from first sheet
firstsheet = xlsxdocument->get_sheet_by_id( iv_sheet_id = 1 ).   
"获取第一个sheet页
"check file structure, first line of excel file
DATA(columncount) = firstsheet->get_last_column_number_in_row( 1 ). 
DATA column TYPE i VALUE 1. 
"获取第一行有多少列，为下面循环赋值做准备
*get the components of structure 得到内表的组成字段属性
    DATA lw_tab_ref    TYPE REF TO data.
    CREATE DATA lw_tab_ref LIKE LINE OF pt_tab.
    DATA tablestructure TYPE REF TO cl_abap_structdescr.
    tablestructure ?= cl_abap_typedescr=>describe_by_data_ref( lw_tab_ref ).
    DATA(tablecomponents) = tablestructure->get_components( ). 
"get the content of excel. 将excel结构和内表结构对比，判断是否一致
TYPES: BEGIN OF columninfo,
 column     TYPE i,
 columnname TYPE string,
END OF columninfo.
TYPES columnsinfo TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF columninfo 
WITH EMPTY KEY.
DATA columnfromfile TYPE columnsinfo.

IF check_structure = abap_on.
* get the title row  compare with tab structure if need
  DO columncount TIMES.
     DATA(cellvalue) = firstsheet->get_cell_content(
                                   EXPORTING
                                    iv_row     = 1
                                    iv_column  = column ).
    APPEND INITIAL LINE TO columnfromfile 
ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<columnfromfile>).
        <columnfromfile>-column = column.
        <columnfromfile>-columnname = cellvalue.
        IF line_exists( tablecomponents[ name = cellvalue ] ).
          DELETE tablecomponents WHERE name = cellvalue.
        ELSE.
          error_text = error_text && |,{ cellvalue }|.
        ENDIF.
        column = column + 1.
      ENDDO.
      IF error_text IS NOT INITIAL.
        MESSAGE e001(00) RAISING file_open_error WITH error_text.
      ENDIF.
    ENDIF.
*    get the title row  compare with tab structure if need 
*get data of excel 获取excel的内容
*有按照结构来获取数据，和按照列的顺序来获取excel数据
    CASE check_structure.
      WHEN abap_on.
        "按照字段对应获取数据
        WHILE currentrow <= rowcount.
          APPEND INITIAL LINE TO pt_tab ASSIGNING 
                                           FIELD-SYMBOL(<currentrow>).
          LOOP AT columnfromfile 
                    REFERENCE INTO DATA(currentcolumn).
            cellvalue = firstsheet->get_cell_content( 
                        EXPORTING 
                                     iv_row = currentrow
                                     iv_column  = currentcolumn->*-column ).
            ASSIGN COMPONENT currentcolumn->*-columnname 
            OF STRUCTURE <currentrow> TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<cellvalue>).
            <cellvalue> = cellvalue.
          ENDLOOP.
          currentrow = currentrow + 1.
        ENDWHILE.
      WHEN OTHERS.
        "按照顺序获取数据
        CLEAR column.
        WHILE currentrow <= rowcount.
          APPEND INITIAL LINE TO pt_tab ASSIGNING <currentrow>.
          DO columncount TIMES.
            column = column + 1.
            cellvalue = firstsheet->get_cell_content(
            EXPORTING iv_row = currentrow
                      iv_column  = column ).
            ASSIGN COMPONENT column 
                                 OF STRUCTURE <currentrow> TO <cellvalue>.
            <cellvalue> = cellvalue.
          ENDDO.
          CLEAR column.
          currentrow = currentrow + 1.
        ENDWHILE.
    ENDCASE.

复制

结合前2天的随笔，一共给出3种excel导入的方法，掌握应该是第一种最容易掌握，当然第一种缺点也最大。

比较一下三种方法在效率上的区别：导入100条数据测试

1.ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL方法：用时7秒

2.客制OLE-突破9999行的限制用时6秒（其实都是ole 和1 差不多也是正常)

3.CL_EHFND_XLSX类用时2秒

由以上可得，同学们可以多花心思研究下XML方式导入excel，以后就可以不用OLE，又快又舒服。