Worthington papain - production of glycopeptides from purified proteoglycans (attached Literature)

AI Meijie Worthington Papain background ：

Papain is a cysteine hydrolase , Stable and active under a wide range of conditions . It is very stable even at high temperatures （Cohen et al. 1986）.Carica papaya The latex is rich in four cysteine Endopeptidases , Including papain 、 Papaya chymotrypsin 、 Glycyl endopeptidase and  caricain. These proteins are synthesized as inactive precursors , Become active within two minutes after the plant is injured and latex is excreted . Papain is a minor component , But it is more widely studied because it is easier to purify （Azarkan 2003）.

Worthington  Papain specificity ：

Papain has a wide range of specificity ; It has endopeptidase 、 Amidase and esterase activity . The active site consists of seven sub sites （S 1 -S 4 and  S 1' -S 3'） form , Each subunit can hold one amino acid residue of the substrate （P 1 -P 4 and  P 1' -P 3'）（Schechter And Berger  1967）. Specificity is determined by  S 2 Sub site control ,S 2  A subsite is a host substrate  P 2 Side chain hydrophobic bag . Papain exhibits a specific substrate preference , It is mainly due to a large number of hydrophobic or aromatic residues at this sub site （Kimmel  and  Smith 1954）. stay  S 2 Extra loci preference , Lack of well-defined residue selectivity within the active site .

AI Meijie Worthington Papain application ：

1. Milder cell separation than other proteases （ namely ： Cortical neurons 、 Retina and smooth muscle ）

2. Study on protein structure 、 Peptide map analysis

3. Red blood cell surface modification for antibody screening or identification

4. from  IgG  and  IgM  Antibody preparation  Fab

5. Dissolution of integrin membrane proteins

6. Production of glycopeptides from purified proteoglycans

7. Enzymatic wound debridement

AI Meijie Worthington Papain Related literature ：

1.Akahane, K.  and  Umeyama, H.： Papain and cathepsin  B  The binding specificity of , enzyme 36、141、1986

2.Alecio, M.、Dann, M.  and  Lowe, G.： Papain  S1  Specificity of sub sites , Biochem J 141 , 495, 1974

3.Allen, G.  and  Lowe, G.： Study on the active site of papain with fluorescent probe , Biochem J 133,679,1973

4.Allison, W.  and  Swain, L.：Phenyldiimide  For papain and  Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase  Inactivation of , Arch Biochem Biophys 155 , 405, 1973