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5. Perform the smoke test first when performing the test , Then test the main function flow , Including a single functional module of the client , And business logic function interaction , regression testing ;

6. Submit test results , Including test cases , test plan ;

7. Routine maintenance test ;

APP The test cycle can determine the test time according to the development cycle of the project , The general test time is two or three weeks , According to the project situation and version quality, the test time can be shortened or extended .

2、APP What test resources need to be prepared in advance for testing ？

Specific test resources to be prepared , According to the actual project , We can start from the following aspects ：

1.IOS equipment 、Android equipment （ Select the mainstream mobile phone products on the market ）;

2. Alipay / Items paid by UnionPay , You need to apply for Alipay in advance / UnionPay account and so on ;

3. There is a topic of second kill , We need to plan a second kill schedule ;

4. Items with coupons , Coupon data needs to be added ;

3、APP Testing and Web Test differences ？

Just from the level of functional testing ,APP test 、web There is no difference between process and functional testing .

The same thing ：

1. The same test case design method ;

2. The same test method ： Will be checked according to the prototype drawing or effect drawing UI;

3. Test the speed of page loading and page flipping 、 Login duration 、 Memory overflow, etc ;

4. Test the stability of the application system ;

Difference ：

1. In terms of system structure

web project ,b/s framework , browser-based ;web Test as long as the server side is updated , The client will update synchronously .
app project ,c/s Structural , There must be a client ;app Modified the server , Then all core versions of client users need to be regression tested once .

2. Performance aspect

web project Need to monitor response time 、CPU、Memory;
app project Except for monitoring response time 、CPU、Memory Outside , It needs to be monitored Traffic 、 Electric quantity, etc ;

3. Compatibility

web project ： browser （ firefox 、 Google 、IE etc. ）; operating system （Windows7、Windows10、Linux etc. ）.
app project ： Equipment system :iOS（ipad、iphone）、Android（ samsung 、 Huawei 、 Lenovo, etc ）、Windows（Win7、Win8）、OSX（Mac）; Mobile devices can be based on Mobile phone model 、 The resolution of the 、 Different screen sizes .

4.、 be relative to Wed project ,APP There are special tests

1） Interference test ： interrupt , Incoming call , SMS , To turn it off , Restart, etc. .

2） Weak network test （ simulation 2g、3g、4g、5g,wifi Network status and packet loss ）; Network switching test （ Disconnect the network and reconnect 、3g Switch to 4g、5g/wifi etc. ）.

3） install 、 to update 、 uninstall , interrupt 、 Front and rear station switching .

install ： Consider interruptions during installation 、 Weak net 、 Delete installation files after installation , New installation 、 upgrade installation 、 Installation of third-party tools, etc ;
uninstall ： Unloading of third-party tools should be considered 、 Direct unloading , Delete after loading app Related documents ;
to update ： Sub forced update 、 Non mandatory update 、 Incremental package update 、 Breakpoint continuation 、 Update in weak network state ;
interrupt ： Incoming call interrupted 、 SMS interrupt 、 The alarm clock is broken 、 The phone is locked 、 The cell phone is powered off 、 Cell phone crash ;

4） interface ： About mobile terminal test , Pay attention to gestures , Horizontal and vertical screen switching , multi-touch , Front and rear station switching .

5） Security testing ： Whether the installation package can decompile the code 、 Is the installation package signed 、 permissions , For example, visit the address book .

6） Boundary test ： Less memory available 、 No, SD card / double SD card 、 Flight Mode 、 The system time is wrong 、 Third party reliance （QQ、 Wechat login ） etc. .

7） Authority test ： Set up a App Can I get this permission , For example, can I access the address book 、 Photo album 、 Camera, etc .

5. Testing tools

Automation tools ：APP In general use Appium; Web In general use Selenium;
Performance testing tools ：APP In general use Monkey、 JMeter; Web In general use LR、JMeter;

4、Android Mobile phones and IOS mobile phone , What's the difference between systems ？

1. The operation mechanism of the two is different ：IOS The sandbox mechanism is adopted , Android uses a virtual machine operating mechanism .

IOS Sandbox operation mechanism :

Each program has its own virtual address space . therefore , No access between programs .
By default, only the last running data of the application will be , Recorded in the RAM Inside .

Android Virtual machine operation mechanism ：

All applications are running in virtual machines , The user interface is actually passed by the virtual machine , And through the virtual machine ,Android Any program can easily access other program files .
be-all Android All applications run on RAM Inside , So you will find that sometimes Android It started to get a little stuck .

2. They have different backstage systems ：IOS No third-party program can run in the background ; Any program in Android can run in the background , Don't shut down until there's no memory .

3.IOS For UI The command has the highest authority , Data processing instructions have the highest authority in Android .

5、IOS and Android Of APP What's the difference between tests ？

1. Physical buttons ：Android Long press home Key call out application list and switch application , Then slide right to terminate the application ;iOS All return to the previous level , It can only be realized by page function .

2. Multi resolution testing ：Android End 20 Varied ;IOS Less .

3. Mobile operating system ：Android More ,IOS Less and cannot be degraded , You can only upgrade one way ; new IOS The repository in the system is not fully compatible with the lower version of IOS Applications in the system , Low version IOS The application in the system calls the new resource library , It's a direct cause of flashback .

4. Operation habit ：Android,Back Whether the key is overridden , Test click Back Is the feedback after the key correct ; Application data is moved from memory to SD After the card can be normal operation, etc .

5.push test ：Android Click on home key , When the program runs in the background , At this time, we receive push, Click to wake up the app , Whether it can jump correctly at this time ;IOS Click on home Key to close the program and screen lock screen situation （ Red dot display ）.

6. Install uninstall test ：Android It can be downloaded through the mobile phone's own application market or a third-party mobile assistant , There are many platforms, tools and channels to download and install ;IOS There are mainly app store,iTunes and testflight download .

7. Upgrade test ： The necessary conditions that can be upgraded ： The old and new versions have the same signature ; The old and new versions have the same package name ; There is an identifier to distinguish the old from the new （ Such as version number ）.

8. Method of payment ： For some with internal purchase function APP,Android Directly call the third-party payment channel to complete the payment ;IOS You need to be in APP store Binding payment method in , And then through APP store To complete the payment operation .

9. Message push mechanism ：Android Use a third party or self built platform to push messages ;IOS The news push channel is officially provided by Apple .

6、 Introduce a APP Caught tools ？

It's usually used Fiddler, It's mainly used to do app Use of bag grabbing , First in Fiddler Configure the client , Port set to 8888; Then set up a proxy on the phone , You can grab the bag , It mainly depends on the value returned by the server 、 You can also modify the incoming parameters 、 Outgoing parameters 、 Analog network delay , Construct different scenes .

7、APP How to capture logs ？

have access to adb command ：adb logcat | find "com.sankuai.meituan" >d:\test.txt
It can also be used. ddms Grab , Mobile phone connected to computer , open ddms Tools ;
Or in Android Studio Development tools , open DDMS;

8、 frequently-used adb What are the orders ？

1. Check the help manual to list all options, descriptions and subcommands ：

adb help

2. Get device list and device status ：

adb devices

3. Install application ：adb install route \xx.apk, Install application ;adb install -r reinstall .

adb install

adb install -r

4. Get the status of the device , The state of the device is device , offline , unknown3 Kind of , among device： The device is connected properly ,offline： Connection exception , Device not responding ,unknown： No device connected .

adb get-state

5. Uninstall app ：adb uninstall < Package name >, The following parameter is the package name of the application , The difference in apk file name .

adb uninstall

6. take Android Copy files or folders on your device to your computer ：adb pull < Remote path > < The local path >, Like copying Sdcard Under the pull.txt File to D disc ：adb pull sdcard/pull.txt d:\, rename ：adb pull sdcard/pull.txt d:\rename.txt.

adb pull

7. Push local files to Android equipment ：adb push < The local path > < Remote path >, Such as push D On the plate ITester.txt to Sdcard：adb push d:\ITester.txt sdcard/ （ Be careful sdcard The slash at the back can't be less ）.

adb push

8. End and start adb service ：adb kill-server /adb start-server , end adb service / start-up adb service , Usually two commands are used together , Use when the equipment is abnormal kill-server, function start-server Restart the service .

adb kill-server

adb start-server

9. Print and clear system logs ：adb logcat , Print Android The system log of ;adb logcat -c, Clear log .

adb logcat

adb logcat -c

10. Find the package name / Activity name

adb logcat | findstr START

9、adb The three components refer to ？

ADB As a client / Command line tools for server architecture , Mainly by 3 Component composition .

adb clent（ client ）： You can use it to Android Application for installation 、 Unloading and debugging .
adb service（ The server ）： Manage clients to Android On the device abd Background process connection , Responsible for managing the client and damon communicate .
adb daemon（ Daemon ）： Running on the Android On the device adb Background processes .

Two 、 Advanced

1、 Introduce to you Android Four components ？

Android Four basic components ：Activity、BroadcastReceiver Radio receiver 、ContentProvider content provider 、Service service .

Activity： In the application , One Activity It's like a cell phone screen , It's a component that can contain a user interface , It is mainly used to interact with users . An application can contain many activities , For example, the click of an event , It usually triggers a new Activity.
BroadcastReceiver Radio receiver ： Applications can use it to filter external events, only those of interest ( When the phone calls in , Or when the data network is available ) To receive and respond to . The broadcast receiver has no user interface . However , They can start a activity or serice To respond to the messages they receive , Or use NotificationManager To inform users of . Notifications can be used in many ways to attract users' attention ── Flash the backlight 、 shock 、 Play sound, etc . Generally speaking, it is to put a persistent icon on the status bar , Users can open it and get messages .
ContentProvider content provider ： Content providers are mainly used to share data between different applications , It provides a complete set of mechanisms , Allow one program to access data in another program , At the same time, it can ensure the security of the accessed data . Content providers are needed only when data needs to be shared across multiple applications . for example ： Address book data is used by multiple applications , And must be stored in a content provider . Its benefits ： Unified data access .
Service service ： yes Android In the background of the implementation of the program running solutions , It's perfect for tasks that don't need to interact with users and run for a long time （ On the phone , In the background QQ）. The operation of the service does not depend on any user interface , Even if the program is switched to the background , Or the user opens another application , The service is still up and running , But services don't run in a separate process , It depends on the application process in which the service was created . When an application process is killed , All services that depend on the process will also stop running （ Listening to music , Then exit the music program ）.

2、Activity Life cycle ？

Life cycle refers to the various states experienced by an activity from the beginning to the end , The transition from one state to another , From nothing to nothing ,Activity There are essentially four states ：

function （Active/Running）:Activity Active , here Activity At the top of the stack , It's the visible state , Can interact with users .
Pause （Paused）: When Activity When you lose focus , Or by a new non full screen Activity, Or by a transparent Activity At the top of the stack ,Activity It's converted into Paused state . It's not going to be destroyed at the moment , Just lost the ability to interact with users , All of its state information and its member variables are still in use , Only when the system memory is tight , Could be recycled by the system .
stop it （Stopped）: When Activity When completely covered by the system , Covered Activity Will enter Stopped state , It's no longer visible , But the resources have not been withdrawn .
System recovery （Killed）: When Activity Recycled by the system ,Activity It's in Killed state .

If an activity is in a stopped or suspended state , When the system is short of memory, it will end （finish） Or kill （kill）. In this abnormal situation , The system will call... Before killing or ending onSaveInstance() Method to save information , meanwhile , When Activity When moved to the front desk , Restart the Activity And call onRestoreInstance() Method to load the reserved information , To maintain the original state .

Between the four usual states above , There are other life cycles to transition between different states , Used to transition between different states .

3、 Please introduce ,Android SDK Several tools included in ？

There are several tools ：

ddms：Dalvik Debug Monitor Service, yes Android In the development environment Dalvik[ virtual machine ] Debug monitoring service .
monkey：Android A command line tool in , It can run in a simulator or in a real device . It sends a pseudo-random stream of user events to the system ( Such as key input 、 Touch screen input 、 Gesture input, etc ), Implement stress testing on the developing application .
uiautomator：UIAutomator yes Eclipse Bring your own for UI Automated test tool , Can simulate APP Click on 、 slide 、 Input text and so on .
monitor： Same as uiautomator
adb：ADB The full name is Android Debug Bridge, Is to play the role of debugging bridge . adopt ADB We can do it in Eclipse The Chinese side has passed DDMS To debug Android Program , Namely debug Tools .

4、 What you know APP Testing tools ？

frequently-used APP The test tools are as follows ,, View the corresponding tool address .APP Automated test tool ：

Appium
Airtest
uiautomator2（python）

APP Stability testing tools ：

Monkey
MonkeyRunner
Maxim
UICrawler

APP Performance testing tools ：

GT
Perfdog
SoloPi

APP Weak network test & Caught tools ：

QNET
Fiddler
Charles

APP Compatibility testing tools ：

TestIn
Tencent excellent test
Baidu MTC
Ali MQC

APP Safety test tools ：

OWASP ZAP
Drozer
MobSF
QARK

5、 Introduce cold start 、 Warm start 、 Hot start 、 The first screen starts ？

APP Multiple events occur during startup , The tester needs to know if there is a problem in the whole process , We need to know which link has the problem ：

Cold start ： When the process does not exist , The process from process creation to interface display ;
Warm start ： Some resources already exist , The process exists , It consumes more resources than hot start . When the user exits the application , The process will still exist , Compared with cold start, warm start only has less process creation ;
Hot start ： Most of the resources are in , Just switching between applications ;
The first screen starts ： The first screen is loaded completely ;

standard ：

Cold start ： need 5 Seconds or more ;
Warm start ： need 2 Seconds or more ;
Hot start ： need 1.5 Seconds or more ;

The whole startup process can be used adb Tools for analysis , utilize adb logcat Get the boot data , Or video recording , Use ffmpeg Framing analysis .

adb logcat

Define a variable first , This variable is used to fill in the package name .

package=com.xueqiu.android

Clear cached data ：

adb shell pm clear $package

Stop the process ：

adb shell am force-stop $package

Through the above command, the cold start environment is ready , Start below app And get the data . start-up App

adb shell am start -S -W $package/.view.WelcomeActivityAlias
-S It means to stop the application process before starting
-W Is to wait for the corresponding activity Start up

get data ：

bash adb logcat |grep -i displayed

The time obtained is as follows ：

6、 Talk about the understanding of cold start ？

Application startup can be divided into cold startup , Hot start and warm start , And start the slowest 、 The longest time-consuming is cold start .

At the beginning of cold start , The system will execute three tasks in turn to start APP:

Loading and starting applications ;
APP After starting , Immediately create a blank startup Window;
establish APP The process of ;

After the implementation of these three tasks , The system creates the application process , Then the application process will perform the next step ：

establish APP object ;
Start a main thread ;
To create a startup page Activity;
load View;
Layout view To screen ;
Perform the initial drawing to display the view ;

After the application process completes the initial drawing , The system process uses the Activity To replace the currently displayed blank Window, At this moment, users can use App 了 .

Thank everyone who reads my article carefully ！！！

If you can use the following information, you can take it away directly ：

1、 Self study development or test the necessary complete project source code and environment

2、 Test all templates in the work （ test plan 、 The test case 、 Test report, etc ）

3、 Classic interview questions for software testing

4、Python/Java Automation test practice .pdf

5、Jmeter/postman Interface test full set of video acquisition

I personally sorted out some technical materials I have sorted out in my software testing career in recent years , contain ： e-book , Resume module , Various work templates , Interview treasure , Self study projects, etc .

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