VBA批量将Excel数据导入Access数据库

• 需求目标：将存在于Excel表格中的数据导入已经创建好的Access数据库中

实现方式

方式一：逐行扫描工作表，往数组里面存数据时，从单元格中获取值【rs.Fields(j - 1) = Cells(i, j).Value】

Sub addDate1()
    Dim i As Integer, j As Integer, n As Integer
    Dim sql As String
    Dim con As New ADODB.Connection
   
    With con
        .Provider = "microsoft.ace.oledb.12.0"
        .ConnectionString = ThisWorkbook.Path & "\test.accdb"
        .Open
    End With
    
    Set rs = con.OpenSchema(adSchemaTables)
    n = Range("A1").End(xlDown).Row
    
    For i = 1 To n
       Set rs = New ADODB.Recordset
       sql = "select * from m_check"
       rs.Open sql, con, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic

        rs.AddNew
        For j = 1 To rs.Fields.Count
            rs.Fields(j - 1) = Cells(i, j).Value
        Next j
        rs.Update
    Next i
    MsgBox "success" + Str(n)
    rs.Close
    con.Close   '关闭连接
    Set con = Nothing '释放变量
    Set rs = Nothing

End Sub

方式二：将工作表中的数据读到数组里面，在往数据库中存数据时，从数组里面获取值【rs.Fields(j - 1) = arr(i, j)】

Sub addDate()
    Dim arr, i As Integer, j As Integer
    Dim sql As String
    arr = Range("A2").CurrentRegion
    
    Dim con As New ADODB.Connection
    Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset

    With con
        .Provider = "microsoft.ace.oledb.12.0"
        .ConnectionString = ThisWorkbook.Path & "\test.accdb"
        .Open
    End With

    sql = "select * from m_check"
    rs.Open sql, con, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic
    
    For i = 2 To UBound(arr)
        rs.AddNew
        For j = 1 To rs.Fields.Count
            rs.Fields(j - 1) = arr(i, j)
        Next j
        rs.Update
    Next i
    MsgBox "success"
     
'    sql = "delete * from m_check"
'    con.Execute (sql)  
    rs.Close
    con.Close   '关闭连接
    Set con = Nothing '释放变量
    Set rs = Nothing
End Sub

不同数据量比较

Sub GetRunTime()
    Dim i As Long
    Dim dteStart As Date
    Dim strTime As String

    '关闭屏幕刷新
    'Application.ScreenUpdating = False
    dteStart = Timer
    '---------运行过程主体-------
    addDate1
    
    strTime = Format((Timer - dteStart), "0.00000")
    MsgBox "运行过程: " & strTime & "秒"

    '打开屏幕刷新
    'Application.ScreenUpdating = True
End Sub

处理11条数据，耗费了0.05469s

处理28339条数据，数组的方式快

处理1048576 条数据 ，显然数组会发生溢出。

总结

        一般来讲，当所处理的数据量较少，无论采取哪种方式，差别不大。但是当数据量达到数万条时，数组方式处理显然较快。当数据量达到百万条时，以上两种方式，均会发生“溢出”，此时我们应该考虑数据分割，将百万条数据分成几个部分，分批进行处理。