Data analysis (II)

	* When doing some projects , In fact, customers don't completely tell us their specific demand scenarios , Or it can only tell us a general direction . And it can make us better understand the problem 、 ideas 、 It's data that builds the model , Therefore, the work of data analysis is crucial .*

Now I'll sort it out for you 20 A common analytical model ：

One ．5w2h Model

5w2h Models are widely used , It's often called “ Seven ways of analysis ”, Mainly by 7 The elements make up ：
What： what —— I want to do something ？
Why： Why —— Why do it ？ Are you sure it's reasonable ？
When： when —— When to do ？ When did it happen ？
Where： And where —— Where to do ？ Rely on what platform to do ？
Who： Who —— Who needs to be involved ？ Who is the leader and object ？
How： What method —— What did you do ？ What is the process ？
How much： What quantity —— What are the inputs and outputs ？
Through this 7 A question , Find out where a behavior or problem can be optimized , Further improvement .
give an example ： Analysis on the loss of users in catering industry ：
what： Old users have lost a lot in the past month .where： Which store lost the most ？ What area lost the most ？who： Who lost the most ？ How about user portraits ？ Whether it is related to age 、 occupation 、 Gender related ？when： When did you lose the most ？ One week ？ One day ？ Some time of day ？why： Why lose ？ Because the food tastes bad ？ The price is too high ？ With competitors ？ Environmental reasons ？how： How to drain ？ Step loss ？ Cliff drain ？ Slow drain ？how much： How much has been lost ？ Is it at a normal level ？
Two ．3W Golden Circle rule

what： What do you do ？（ perform ）
how： How to do ？（ Method ）
why： Why? ？（ Purpose ）
There are many people at the executive level , But in fact, the most important thing is to clarify the purpose of doing so , So the correct order of thinking should be , Why do you do this , How do you do it? , Finally, it's execution .
3、 ... and ． Pyramid principle

This principle is very helpful for logical expression , The core idea is to say the conclusion first , Talk about the argument , There are mainly the following four principles ：
Conclusion first ： Each article has only one central idea , And put it at the front of the article .
Upper system and lower system ： The thought at each level must be a summary of the thought at the next level .
Classification and grouping ： The ideas in each group must belong to the same logical category .
Logical progression ： The ideas in each group must be carried out in logical order .
Four ．PEST Law

This model is mainly used to analyze the external macro environment of the enterprise , It is the most commonly used analysis model of consulting companies .
5、 ... and ．SCQA

Through to S（Situation scene ）、C（Complication Conflict ）、Q（Question doubt ）、A（Answer answer ） A four letter arrangement , It can have different effects . This model is often used in writing .
6、 ... and ．RFM Model

RFM Through to R（ Last consumption time ）、F（ Consumption frequency in recent period of time ） as well as M（ The amount of money spent in the recent period of time ） Analysis of these three key indicators , Classify customers , So as to carry out different operation actions . In today's fierce competition , Fine operation is very important .
7、 ... and ．AARRR Model

This model is the famous pirate model , From customers 、 Activate 、 Retain 、 earnings 、 Five steps of communication for user growth . For example, the question at the beginning of the article , You can use it AARRR Model to answer .
8、 ... and ．KANO Model

This model is based on the impact of user needs on user satisfaction , The nonlinear relationship between product performance and user satisfaction is obtained , The discharge priority is 「 Essential type > Expectation type > Excited > No difference 」, Can reduce useless development .
Nine ． Boston matrix

This model is mainly used when a company has multiple products , Through the analysis of market share and sales growth rate , To reasonably arrange the layout of products , Make an expansion or contraction strategy as soon as possible .
Ten ．A/B test

AB Testing is done by randomly displaying two or more variants to the user , Statistical analysis determines which variant works better for a given transformation target , The main process is ：
（1） Set goals ;
（2） Create variants ;
（3） Generate assumptions ;
（4） collecting data ;
（5） Operation test ;
（6） The results of the analysis .
11、 ... and ．SWOT analysis

This model can be used for personal or product competition analysis , Yes SO advantage + The opportunity to （ Take advantage of external opportunities to develop internal advantages ）、WO Inferiority + The opportunity to （ Take advantage of external opportunities to make up for internal weaknesses , improvement ）、ST advantage + threat （ Use your own advantages to reduce external threats , monitor ）、WT Inferiority + threat （ Avoid external threats and reduce internal disadvantages , eliminate ） These combinations , To improve competitiveness .
Twelve ．STP
S（Segmenting）： Market segmentation ;
T（Targeting）： Target market selection ;
P（Positioning）： market positioning .
STP It is suitable for enterprises to understand the internal and external environment and advantages and disadvantages , According to their own situation, targeted to do refined business decisions .

13、 ... and ．4P Marketing theory

4P With products （Product） At the core , from （ Price Price）、（ channel Place）、 Sales promotion / Extension （Promotion） Several aspects have constructed the marketing closed loop . Although now there are new 4C theory , but 4P Still used as a classic in analysis .
fourteen ． Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory

Maslow put forward the hierarchy of needs theory from the perspective of human motivation , The theory emphasizes that human motivation is determined by human needs . People's dominant needs are different in different periods , This is of great significance for enterprise leaders to manage employees .
15、 ... and ． Porter's five forces competition model

The level of competition among competitors in the same industry ： Direct competitors , Focus on .
The competitiveness of potential competitors ： The threshold of entering a new field and the expected response of existing enterprises to entrants determine the competitiveness of potential competitors .
The bargaining power of suppliers ： The ability of suppliers to increase the price of input factors and reduce the quality of unit value , To influence the profitability and product competitiveness of existing enterprises in the industry .
The bargaining power of buyers ： It depends on the bargaining leverage between the buyer and the business （ The means of bargaining ） And the sensitivity of buyers to price .
The ability of substitutes to replace ： Alternative products are other products that can realize the same functions of products in the industry .
sixteen ． Six steps of data analysis

1、 Raise questions ： First of all, it should be clear , What's the problem we're solving ？
2、 Make assumptions ： On this basis , Make assumptions .
3、 Data collection ： Based on this assumption , Start collecting data .
4、 Data processing ： Process the collected raw data , Including data cleaning 、 grouping 、 retrieval 、 Extraction and other processing methods .
5、 Data analysis ： After the data is sorted out , We need to synthesize the data 、 Cross analysis .
6、 Result presentation ： Data visualization , Then come to the conclusion .
seventeen ．PDCA loop
Individuals or teams should follow this cycle when carrying out tasks , A virtuous circle is conducive to the cultivation of individual competitiveness and the improvement of team ability .
Plan– plan , Determine the activity plan ;
Do– perform , Do it on the ground , Implementation plan ;
Check– Check , Summarize the results of the implementation plan , Identify problems ;
Action– action , Deal with the results of the summary inspection , Accumulate good , Where improvement is not good , Then enter a new PDCA loop .

eighteen ．AISAS

This model is a consumer behavior analysis model after the emergence of the Internet , Attract users' attention through product content （Attention）, Then stimulate users' interest （Interest）, And search for this product （Search）, Eventually lead to buying behavior （Action） The birth of , Share after successful purchase （Share） To your friends , So as to form a consumption closed loop .
nineteen ． Ansoff matrix
This model is divided into two dimensions: market and product , Choose the mode of enterprise income growth .
Old products 、 Old market - Market penetration ： Face existing users with existing products , By reducing the price 、 Improve service quality or increase the form of advertising to penetrate the existing market .
Old products 、 New market - Market development ： Develop new user market with existing products , Find more users in different fields through packaging .
New products 、 Old market - Product extension ： Through product innovation or bundling , Develop the demand of the existing market .
New products 、 New market - Diversified business ： Develop new markets with new products , Generally, enterprises will take such measures when they encounter bottlenecks , The risk is high .

twenty ．GROW
This model is mainly used to help employees grow and develop , In a nutshell , Four part goal setting 、 Analysis of current situation 、 Development path 、 A plan of action .
（1）G:Goal setting; The representative confirms the employee's performance objectives ;
（2）R：Reality check; It's the status quo , We should find out the current situation 、 What are the objective facts , Look for motivation ;
（3）O:Options; Represents finding solutions ;
（W： That is 5W, Namely What、When、Who、Will、What should be done, The representative formulates the action plan and review time .