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Summary of Web automated testing

2022-06-21 08:58:00 【Break through】

One 、 First time to know WEB-selenium automated testing

in the light of bing The search function of the website is tested automatically

#  From a Google project selenium Import webdriver This code to drive the browser 
chrome = webdriver.Chrome()
# 2、 open bing Website 
chrome.get('http://cn.bing.com/')
# 3、 Enter keywords 
chrome.find_element_by_id('sb_form_q').send_keys('51tesing')
# 4、 Click the search button 
chrome.find_element_by_id('search_icon').click()

Now , Most software applications are web applications running in browsers . The efficiency of testing varies greatly between different companies and organizations . In this era when rich interaction and response processing are everywhere , Many organizations use agile methods to develop , Therefore, test automation is also called a necessary part of software projects . Test automation means using software tools to run tests in a project over and over again , And provide feedback for regression testing .

Test automation has many advantages , Most of them are related to the repeatability and high execution rate of the test . There are some commercial or open source tools on the market to assist in the development of test automation .Selenium Application is the most widely used open source solution .

Two 、 Automatic test for the login function of pirate mall

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select

# 1、 Sign in 
chrome = webdriver.Chrome()
chrome.implicitly_wait(10)  #  Due to poor page stability , So an implicit wait is added 
chrome.maximize_window()  #  window maximizing 
chrome.get('http://129.211.129.101:9007/index.php?m=user&c=public&a=login')
# chrome.find_element_by_id('username').send_keys('XieChuang')  The input method of this command has expired 
chrome.find_element(By.ID, 'username').send_keys('XieChuang')
chrome.find_element(By.ID, 'password').send_keys('123456')
# chrome.find_element_by_class_name('login_btn fl').click() #  The login class name is a compound class name , Can't be used at the same time ,fl Just a left aligned function 
chrome.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, 'login_btn').click()
# 2、 Click on ' Shopping in the mall '
#  After successful login, the page will not be started immediately , So add a time wait here 
time.sleep(3)
#  The third element positioning method ,linktext
chrome.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, ' Shopping in the mall ').click()
# 3、 Search for 'iphone'
chrome.find_element(By.NAME, 'keyword').send_keys(' millet 6')
chrome.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, 'btn1').click()
# 4、 Click on the product picture 
chrome.find_element(By.XPATH, '/html/body/div[3]/div[2]/div[3]/div[2]/div[1]/a/img').click()
# 5、 Window switch 
# 1、 Find the name of the new window 
new_window = chrome.window_handles[-1]
# 2、 Switch to a new window 
chrome.switch_to.window(new_window)
# 6、 Add the selected items to the shopping cart 
chrome.find_element(By.ID, 'joinCarButton').click()  #  At this time, a new window is skipped , So you can't operate 
# 7、 Go to shopping cart for settlement 
chrome.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, 'other_join').click()
# 8、 Click settle  css selector  Positioning mode : In two class It needs to be added before .
chrome.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, '.shopCar_btn_03.fl').click()
# 9、 Add a new address 
chrome.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, 'add-address').click()
# 10、 Fill in the consignee information 
chrome.find_element(By.NAME, 'address[address_name]').send_keys('XC')
chrome.find_element(By.NAME, 'address[mobile]').send_keys('15910100202')
# 11、 Select the drop-down box for the region 
sheng=chrome.find_element(By.ID,'add-new-area-select')#  Instantiate the drop-down box 
Select(sheng).select_by_visible_text(' The Beijing municipal ')#  Cast the instantiated drop-down box to Select type , Then use the properties of the drop-down box to select 
# 12、 Select the receiving region -- City   Because... In the drop-down box ID It's dynamic , And class name It's the same name again , So use find_elements To find the same class name, Then use the tag name to combine 
shi=chrome.find_elements(By.CLASS_NAME,'add-new-area-select')[1]
Select(shi).select_by_visible_text(' The Beijing municipal ')
qu=chrome.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME,'select')[2] #  Use tag names to locate 
Select(qu).select_by_visible_text(' Haidian District ')
chrome.find_element(By.NAME, 'address[address]').send_keys(' Maihang building ')
chrome.find_element(By.NAME, 'address[zipcode]').send_keys('100000')
chrome.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME,'aui_state_highlight').click()

1、 An implicit wait

driver.implicitly_wait(10)

and time.sleep(10) The difference between

Implicit waiting is an intelligent waiting , It can automatically determine the waiting time . The time in brackets represents the maximum waiting time

Implicit waiting only needs to be declared driver after , Writing once can affect all subsequent code

time.sleep() You need to write before each wait

2、 window maximizing

chrome.maximize_window()

3、 Window switch

Find the name of the new window

new_window = driver.window_handles[-1]

Switch to a new window

driver.switch_to.window(new_window)

4、 Select... From the drop-down box

Locate the drop-down box

element=driver.find_element(By....)

Put the found page elements , Convert to the type of drop-down box Select

select = Select(element)

call Select Class select_by_* Method

.select_by_value( Option value The value of the property )

.select_by_index( Several options )

.select_by_visible_text( The text value of the option )

5、`find_element_by_*` The formal prompt code of has expired

Now the original positioning mode is modified as find_element(By.*)

Be careful ： Use By You need to guide the package before from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

6、`find_elements` and `find_element` The difference between

find_elements You can find all the information of the same tag name , Then find the corresponding value in the form of serial number

find_element Only the information of the first tag name can be found by default

driver.find_elements(...)[0]==diver.find_element(...)

3、 ... and 、 Automatic test for the function of modifying personal information of pirate mall

# 1、 Sign in 
import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait

chrome = webdriver.Chrome()
chrome.implicitly_wait(5)
chrome.maximize_window()
chrome.get("http://129.211.129.101:9007/index.php?m=user&c=public&a=login")
chrome.find_element(By.ID, 'username').send_keys('XieChuang')
chrome.find_element(By.ID, 'password').send_keys('123456')
# submit Method ： Be similar to click(), It can only be used for form In the form 
#  When the button cannot be located , You can use any element in the same form to submit Submit 
chrome.find_element(By.ID, 'password').submit()
#  Use submit Instead of locating the login button to submit 
# 2、 Modify personal information 
# 2.1  Click on " Account settings "
chrome.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, ' Account settings ').click()
# 2.2  Click on " The personal data "  When link_text When the text message in is blocked by other data , have access to partial_link_text Use some text messages to locate 
chrome.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, ' Human resources ').click()
# 2.3  modify " Real name "
chrome.find_element(By.ID, 'true_name').clear()
chrome.find_element(By.ID, 'true_name').send_keys(' Thank you ')
# 2.4  choice " Gender "
#  adopt CSS_SELECTOR The way , Any attribute can be used to locate the element . Just add a pair of brackets around the attribute 
chrome.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, '[value="1"]').click()
# 2.5  Input " date of birth "
#  calendar control 
#  The traditional method is one click at a time , Choose day, year 
#  The new method ：1、 Delete readonly attribute  2、 Enter the date directly into the calendar control 
#  problem ：selenium It is impossible to delete the attribute of an element , however JavaScrip Can achieve 
# 2.5.1 To write JavaScript Command script 
script = 'document.getElementById("date").removeAttribute("readonly")'
# 2.5.2 The browser executes this JavaScript command , Delete the attribute 
chrome.execute_script(script)
# 2.5.3  Clear the default —— Because there are default values in the calendar control , Directly entering the date cannot complete the overwrite , So delete it 
chrome.find_element(By.ID, 'date').clear()
# 2.5.4  Directly enter the birthday in the input box 
chrome.find_element(By.ID, 'date').send_keys('1980-02-02')
# 2.6  Input "QQ"
chrome.find_element(By.ID, 'qq').clear()
chrome.find_element(By.ID, 'qq').send_keys('123456789')
# 2.7  Click on " determine "
chrome.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, '[value=" confirm "]').click()

# 3、 Handling of pop-up boxes 
#  pop-up Alert, No HTML Page elements of , It is JavaScript Control for 
#  Unable to right-click to check , So you can't operate in the traditional way 
# selenium Three common processes are provided Alert Methods 
#     chrome.switch_to.alert.accept()   —— Click the OK button 
#     chrome.switch_to.alert.dismiss()   —— Click the Cancel button 
#     chrome.switch_to.alert.text       —— Get the text information prompted by the pop-up box 
# time.sleep(3) #  When handling pop ups , Implicit waiting doesn't work 
#  What is implicitly waiting for judgment is the loading of the page , When the pop-up box comes out , The page has not been refreshed , So implicit waiting doesn't work here 
#  because time.sleep() The waiting time is too long , The third waiting mode is quoted here 
WebDriverWait(chrome, 30, 0.5).until(expected_conditions.alert_is_present())
# WebDriverWait You need to pass in three properties ,diver ,timeout（ Maximum waiting time ）,poll_frequency( How often do you check )
# expected_conditions  Condition check , Need to guide package 
# alert_is_present  Yes Alert eject 
update_status = chrome.switch_to.alert.text
print(update_status)
chrome.switch_to.alert.accept()

1、 When the submit When the button cannot be positioned

Can pass submit Method to submit any element in the form . stay form In the form , All data is stored in a form , Submitting one of these elements can result in all data being submitted together .

chrome.find_element(By.ID, 'password').submit()

2、css_selector Positioning mode

Browser copy. Right click on the element to check the element , choice copy Re selection copy selector
Hand writing selector
- The tag name can be written directly in css selector Use in
  - Use the attributes of any element to locate , Just add a pair of brackets around the attribute
  - class Attribute is preceded by a decimal point .
  - ID Attribute is preceded by a pound sign #
  - [] Used to represent all attributes
  - Between attributes >( More than no. ), Indicates that the element preceding the greater than sign is the parent of the following element
  - Between attributes ( Space ), Indicates that the preceding element is the ancestor element of the following element

for example ：

chrome.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, '[value=" confirm "]').click()

chrome.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,'.uploadBtn.state-finish.state-ready').click()

chrome.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,'#filePicker label').click()

3、 How to operate the calendar control

The traditional method is one click at a time , Choose day, year . But it's easy to make mistakes

In this calendar control, you can see , There is one in its properties readonly attribute , This makes the calendar control input field read-only .

We can delete readonly attribute , Then directly enter the date to complete the operation of date input

problem ：
Selenium It does not have the function of deleting an element attribute
JavaScript With this function

#  Write a paragraph JavaScript command , And instantiate 
script = 'document.getElementById("date").removeAttribute("readonly")'
#  Execute this paragraph through the browser JavaScript command , Finish deleting readonly Operation of attribute 
chrome.execute_script(script)

problem ：
In the calendar control readonly Property deleted , The date is also entered , But what if the calendar control has default values ？

With the help of Selenium Of clear Action to delete the default value

chrome.find_element(By.ID, 'date').clear()

4、 Handling of pop-up boxes

Pop up box of the page Alert, yes JavaScript Control for , It's not HTML Page elements of .

Selenium Three common processes are provided Alert Methods ：

driver.switch_to.alert.accept()—— Click ok
driver.switch_to.alert.dismiss()—— Click Cancel
driver.switch_to.alert.text—— Get the text information prompted by the pop-up box

Be careful ：

When dealing with pop ups , Implicit waiting does not work

What is implicitly waiting for judgment is page loading , When Alert After the pop-up box appears , The page is not refreshed , So implicit waiting is invalid

5、 According to wait

WebDriverWait(driver,timeout= The longest time the program needs to wait ,poll_frequency= Every few seconds until The method in ).until(method=' What method to carry out , What to do specifically ')

for example ：

WebDriverWait(chrome, 30, 0.5).until(expected_conditions.alert_is_present())

among expected_conditions Indicates condition check

alert_is_present() Express Alert The pop-up box appears

Four 、 Background management system for pirate mall

# 1、 Log in to the background management system of the pirate mall 
import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
# 1.1  Open the background login interface 
chrome = webdriver.Chrome()
chrome.implicitly_wait(5)
chrome.maximize_window()
chrome.get('http://localhost/pirate/admin.php')
# 1.2  enter one user name 、 password 、 Verification Code 
chrome.find_element(By.NAME, 'username').send_keys('admin')
chrome.find_element(By.NAME, 'userpass').send_keys('password')
chrome.find_element(By.NAME,'userverify').send_keys('1234')
# 1.3  Click the login button 
chrome.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME,'Btn').click()
# 2、 Add the goods 
# 2.1  In the back office management center , Click commodity management 
chrome.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT,' Commodity management ').click()
# 2.2  Click add product 
chrome.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT,' Add the goods ').click()
# 2.3  Enter the product name 
#  There is HTML nesting , Sub page switching is required 
chrome.switch_to.frame('mainFrame')
chrome.find_element(By.NAME,'name').send_keys('iPone xs max')
# 2.4  Choose a product category 
chrome.find_element(By.ID,'1').click()
chrome.find_element(By.ID,'2').click()
chrome.find_element(By.ID,'3').click()
# chrome.find_element(By.ID,'4')
#  Advanced operation of element  ActionChains All advanced operations that can be performed on page elements are encapsulated in 
# Action—— action 
# Chains—— Linked list 
# chrome—— Current browser 
#  All in all , Transform the current browser into a chain of behaviors that can perform various operations 
# perform() As an end sign 
ActionChains(chrome).double_click(chrome.find_element(By.ID,'4')).perform()
# 2.5  Choose the product brand 
brand = chrome.find_element(By.NAME,'brand_id')
Select(brand).select_by_value('1')
# 2.6  Add product image 
chrome.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT,' Commodity atlas ').click()
'''
 The button clicked on the front end is not a control for copying and uploading files , The controls that are really responsible for uploading files are <input type='file' ....>
 So here's what we're going to do , Find this control . Then, you can directly control this control send_keys, Send the path of the picture or file 
'''
chrome.find_element(By.NAME,'file').send_keys('//Mac/Home/Desktop/1643087781227.jpg')
#  Be careful ： At the picture path '\' To escape , It is written as '/'
chrome.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,'.uploadBtn.state-finish.state-ready').click()
#  Handle “ Upload successful ” pop-up 
WebDriverWait(chrome, 30 ,0.5).until(expected_conditions.alert_is_present())
chrome.switch_to.alert.accept()
# 2.6  Click Submit button 
chrome.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME,'button_search').click()

1、 Processing of verification code

Common verification code processing methods ：

With the help of third-party image recognition tools
- shortcoming ： Low accuracy
With the help of third-party website identification verification code
- advantage ： It's very accurate , Almost attainable 100%
- shortcoming ： charge
Set universal verification code
- When we are in a test environment , Ask developers to help set up a universal verification code , For use

problem ： How to check whether there is a universal verification code in the system ？ Take the pirate mall as an example
1、 Specify the location of the source code written by the developer for the pirate mall
2、 To understand the developer's code , Must understand MVC The design model
M—— The model layer , It is mainly used to deal with databases
V—— View layer , Mainly dealing with the front end , Used to collect and display user data
C—— controller , It is mainly used to process business logic
Determining whether the verification code is correct belongs to the business logic layer
3、 You can also analyze the source code location of the function through the web address
http://172.31.14.251/pirate/index.php?m=admin&c=public&a=login
The website is mainly divided into 5 Parts of ：
http： agreement
172.31.14.251： Domain name or IP Address
/index.php： route
m=admin&c=public&a=login： Parameters
m=admin——m For module , A module is a folder
c=public——c For controller （controller）, A controller is a class , A file
a=login——a It's for action （action）, One action Is a method in the code
4、 Shield the verification code in the test environment
5、 binding IP Address
Some companies , In the test environment , If binding IP The address may not display the verification code
6、 Read cookie And caching
7、 Before entering the verification code , Add a fixed time to wait , Enter the verification code manually

2、frame Label handling

When entering the product name , It is clear that the element attribute exists , But the location failed , Why is that ？

chrome.find_element(By.XPATH,'/html/body/div[2]/div[2]/dl/form/dd[1]/ul/li[1]/input').send_keys('ipone xs max')

Place the mouse on the root node <body> On the label , Check whether the highlighted part of the page covers the full screen

If you overwrite the full screen , Description page does not exist frame label
If you can't cover the full screen , There are... In the description page frame label

Found after inspection , There is a... In the page frame label , And the product name and other information are in the label

Use driver.switch_to.frame('frame Of name Property name ') To switch to frame In the label , Repositioning

3、 Advanced operation of element

How to double click the left mouse button ？

Selenium One is provided in ActionChains Methods , You can perform advanced operations on page elements

context_click()： Right mouse click
double_click()： Double click with the left mouse button
drag_and_drop： Drag the
move_to_element： Hover over an element
click_and_hold()： Press the left mouse button on an element , General coordination release() Release use
key_down()： Hold down a key on an element , Can only be used with the modify key （ control ,Ctrl、Alt and Shift） Use it together
key_up()： Release the button , Release the modifier key
move_by_offset()： Mouse movement
perform()： To perform all ActionChains The behavior stored in , Add... At the end of the command

4、 How to upload pictures

Generally, the button clicked on the front end is not a real upload file control , But to conform to the overall page layout <label> label

In this <label> There is also a... Above the label <input type='file'...> label , And class Property is invisible . All we have to do is find the control , Then, you can directly control this control send_keys, Path to send pictures

chrome.find_element(By.NAME,'file').send_keys('//Mac/Home/Desktop/1643087781227.jpg')

5、 Element oriented 8 Ways of planting

ID ： Use ID Positioning
NAME： Use name Positioning
- Use id and name Advantages and disadvantages of positioning ：
  - advantage ： Easy to locate elements , In most cases, the attribute value is unique
  - shortcoming ： Many elements do not have id and name attribute
CLASS_NAME ： Use classname Positioning
TAG_NAME ： Use tagname（ Tag name ） Positioning
- Use class_name and tag_name Advantages and disadvantages of positioning ：
  - advantage ： Almost all elements have class_name and tag_name Properties of
  - shortcoming ：class and tag The value of is often not unique , It's hard to find an element precisely
LINK_TEXT ： Use hyperlink text to locate
PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT ： Use some hyperlink text to locate
- Use link_text and partial_link_text characteristic ： It can only be used for <a> label
XPATH ： Use xpath location
CSS_SELECTOR ： Use css_selector location
- Use xpath and css_selector It can be used to locate almost all page elements
- There are tools that can directly generate , But what tools generate is not necessarily 100% It works , Some cases still require manual writing

6、 Several common operation methods after locating elements

click() ： Click the left mouse button
send_keys： Analog keyboard input
submi()： Submit Form
clear()： eliminate

5、 ... and 、 Automated testing framework unittest2

1、unittest2 Introduce

unittest2 yes unittest Upgraded version , All are Python Built in test library , It's a unit testing framework , Provides rich assertion methods

unittest2 Four characteristics of ：

TestCase： Test cases , All use cases are directly inherited from Unittest2.TestCase class
TestFixture：SetUp and TearDown, As a pre condition and post condition
TestSuite： test suite , A set of test cases , Run Suite , Then run all test cases in the suite
TestRunner： Test runner , And TestSuite Use together
Assertion ： stay Unittest2 Many mature assertions are encapsulated in , Can be called directly

2、unittest2 Use

Unittest2 Environment building

import unittest2

Unittest2 Rule of grammar

Unittest2 The definitions of test cases in are based on test_ start

Be careful ： The order of use cases is independent of the order in which they are written , Sorting follows A-Z,a-z,0-9

class precondition

 Before all methods in the class , Preconditions to be carried out 
@classmethod
def setUpClass(cls):

class Postcondition

 After all the methods in the class , Post conditions to be performed 
@classmethod
def tearDown(cls):

precondition

 Before each test case method starts , Preconditions to be carried out 
def setUp(self):

Postcondition

 At the end of each test case method , Post conditions to be performed 
def tearDown(self):

3、BaseTestCase Encapsulation

Because all test cases need to perform browser related operations

import time
import unittest2
from selenium import webdriver


class BaseTestCase(unittest2.TestCase):
   @classmethod
   def setUpClass(cls):
       cls.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
       cls.driver.maximize_window()
       cls.driver.implicitly_wait(5)

   @classmethod
   def tearDownClass(cls):
       # time.sleep(10)
       cls.driver.quit()

4、 Data driven testing

Basic steps ：

Create a Excel Form to prepare test data

username	password	confirm_password	mobile_num	email
changcheng2121	123456	123456	13456788765	[email protected]
changcheng2122	123456	123456	13456788766	[email protected]
changcheng2123	123456	123456	13456788767	[email protected]
changcheng2124	123456	123456	13456788768	[email protected]

Write code to read csv What's in the table

csvFileManager.py
#  Conduct csv File reading , To drive data 
# 1、 Import code base 
import csv

# 2、 Appoint csv The path of the file 
path = r'/Users/chuangxie/Desktop/ Learning courseware /SeleniumTest/test_data/login_test_cases.csv'
''' When there is a backslash in the path , You need to prefix the string with a letter r
 At this time, the system will default the backslash as a part of the string '''
# 3、 open csv file 
file = open(path)
# 4、 Conduct csv Data reading in 
table = csv.reader(file)
# 5、 Print csv Contents of the file 
for i in table:
   print(i)

The drawbacks in the code above ：

The file is always open , Will verify the impact on operational efficiency

csvFileManager2.py
import csv
import os.path


def reader(filename):
   list = []
   # path = '../test_data/' + filename    Because the file path may change , So abandon 
   base_path = os.path.dirname(__file__) #  Indicates the path where the current file is located 
   path = base_path.replace('func','test_data/'+filename) #  take func Replace the path with test_data Folder 
   # file = open(path)
   with open(path) as file:
       table = csv.reader(file)
       i = 0   #  Used to eliminate the first line title 
       for row in table:
           if i == 0:
               pass
           else:
               list.append(row)
           i = i + 1
   return list

Transfer the read contents into the test cases respectively , Loop execution

register2Test.py
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from func.csvFilemanager2 import reader
from test_case.BaseTestCase import BaseTestCase


class register2Test(BaseTestCase):
   def test_register(self):
       table = reader('register_test_cases.csv')
       for row in table:
           self.driver.get('http://129.211.129.101:9007/index.php?m=user&c=public&a=reg')
           self.driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'username').send_keys(row[0])
           self.driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'password').send_keys(row[1])
           self.driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'userpassword2').send_keys(row[2])
           self.driver.find_element(By.NAME, "mobile_phone").send_keys(row[3])
           self.driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'email').send_keys(row[4])

The drawbacks in the code above ：

When using for loop , If a set of data fails , No later code will be executed

How to improve ： Use ddt The code base

csvFileManager3.py
import ddt
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from func.csvFilemanager2 import reader
from test_case.BaseTestCase import BaseTestCase


@ddt.ddt
class register3Test(BaseTestCase):

   table = reader('register_test_cases.csv')

   @ddt.data(*table)
   def test_register(self, row):
      self.driver.get('http://129.211.129.101:9007/index.php?m=user&c=public&a=reg')
      self.driver.find_element(By.NAME,'username').send_keys(row[0])
      self.driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'password').send_keys(row[1])
      self.driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'userpassword2').send_keys(row[2])
      self.driver.find_element(By.NAME, "mobile_phone").send_keys(row[3])
      self.driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'email').send_keys(row[4])

problem ： What is the function of the decorator on the class ？
@ddt.ddt class register3Test(BaseTestCase):
Used to indicate that this class is a data-driven test class

problem ： What is the function of the modifier above the method ？
@ddt.data(*table) def test_register(self, row):
Used to specify the test data source , The data source format is required to be multiple parameters
*table Yes, it will table The data in the list is split , Each line is a parameter

5、 Generate test reports （HTMLTestRunner）

HTMLTestRunner Provides a template that can generate beautiful test reports

Usage method ：

Download and copy HTMLTestRunner.py File into our project
Use HTMLTestRunner This class is used to execute test cases

run_all_cases.py
import unittest2
from lib.HTMLTestRunner import HTMLTestRunner

if __name__ == '__main__':
   # 1、 Find all the test cases that need to be executed 
   suite = unittest2.defaultTestLoader.discover('./test_case', '*Test.py')
   # 2、 Execute the set of test cases found 
   # unittest2.TextTestRunner().run(suite)

   # 3、 Generate test reports 
   #  Specify the test report generation location 
   path = 'report/TestReport.html'
   file = open(path, 'wb')  # w Said to write ,b For binary ,
   HTMLTestRunner(stream=file, verbosity=1, title=' Automated test reports ', description=' Test environment ：Chrome', tester=' Xie Chuang ').run(suite)  #  Instantiation HTMLTestRunner

In instantiation HTMLTestRunner You need to pass in five parameters

HTMLTestRunner(stream= Binary , verbosity=1（ The level of detail in the log , The default can be ）,title= The title of the report ,description= The body of the report , tester = Name of the tester )

file file = open(path, 'wb') The preservation of the ：

The default is to open the file as read-only
w Means to open a file in a write mode
b Means to write in binary mode

6、 Assertion

effect ： Automatically determine whether the test case execution results are successful

Generally, the checkpoints used include ：

Page level checking
- The title of the page
- Changes in the web address
Page element level check
- The text of the element
- An attribute of an element

 Take the login of pirate mall as an example 
#  Compare web pages title
self.assertEqual(' My membership Center  -  Avenue e Square Mall  - Powered by Haidao', self.driver.title)
#  Compare the changes of the website 
self.assertEqual('http://129.211.129.101:9007/index.php?m=user&c=index&a=index', self.driver.current_url)
#  Compare the successful login , Whether the login user name is displayed 
# a:nth-child(1)—— As the first <a> Child tags ,n=1
welcome = self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, '.site-nav-right.fr > a:nth-child(1)').text
self.assertEqual(' Hello!  XieChuang', welcome)
#  Compare the search after page Jump value Whether the attributes are the same 
search = self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, '.btn1').get_attribute('value')
self.assertEqual(' Search for ', search)

 The actual running code is as follows ：
import time
import ddt
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from TestCases.BaseTestCases import BaseTestCases
from TestCases.csvFileManager2 import reader


@ddt.ddt
class loginTest(BaseTestCases):
   table = reader('login_test_cases.csv')

   @ddt.data(*table)
   def test_login(self, row):
       self.chrome.get('http://129.211.129.101:9007/index.php?m=user&c=public&a=login')
       self.chrome.find_element(By.NAME, 'username').send_keys(row[0])
       self.chrome.find_element(By.NAME, 'password').send_keys(row[1])
       self.chrome.find_element(By.NAME, 'password').submit()
       time.sleep(3)
       welcome = self.chrome.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, '.site-nav-right.fr>a:nth-child(1)').text
       self.assertEqual(' Hello!  '+row[0]+'', welcome)

6、 ... and 、 Continuous integration

The goal is ：

Implement timed execution of test cases
Test report email reminder

1、 Installation environment

install jdk
- Configure environment variables JAVA_HOME： The installation path
decompression tamcat file
- decompression tomacat Folder , Generally stored in D In the root directory
Jenkins Document processing
- take Jenkins.war Copy files to tomacat\webapps In the folder

2、 start-up Jenkins

function tomacat\bin Below startup.bat file
When there is a jenkins is fully up and running after
- Enter the web address on the browser
- Or in webapps Use... In the directory dos command ：java -jar jenkins.war

3、 Perform test tasks regularly

Select in build window Batch command
- cd Project path
- Python Test case execution script .py
Edit schedule
- 5 Time units
  - minute
  - Hours
  - date
  - month
  - week
- 6 Symbols
  - Space ： The interval of time units , Yes and only 4 individual
  - * asterisk ： Indicates possible values
    - example ：0 21 * * * Every day 21 Each point is executed once
  - - Horizontal line ： Indicates the interval
    - example ：0 21 * * 1-5 Every Monday to Friday 21 Click to automatically execute once
  - , comma ： Represents enumeration
    - example ： 0 8,12,20 * * * Daily 8 spot 、12 spot 、20 Click to automatically execute once
  - / Oblique line ： Indicates the interval
    - example ：*/30 * * * * every other 30 Once per minute
  - H： Used to spread the load
    - example ：H/30 * * * * Also every 30 Once per minute , But not necessarily the whole point and the half point , Maybe at any point in time . It will automatically find the idle time of the server to execute , More recommended

4、 Set email reminders

Installing a plug-in
- HTML Publisher
- Email Extension Plugin
- Email Extension Template Plugin

Modify configuration information

Email address of system administrator
- Change to email address
- Be careful ： It is required to be a mailbox with client authorization code set （ My authorization code TALEENGMSITQLWAQ）
Extended E-mail Notification
- SMTP server：smtp.163.com
- SMTP Port：465
- Click Advanced ： add to jenkins
  - user name ： Email account
  - password ： Authorization code , Cannot use email password
  - ID： empty
  - describe ： empty
- Check USE SSL
Default user e-mail suffix（ Default mailbox suffix ）：@163.com
- Click Advanced ：
  - Admin Account Address： Fill out the Outbox
  - SMTP server：smtp.163.com
  - SMTP Port：25
Default Content Type：HTML(text/html)
Default Recipients： Default recipient address

Default Content： Default message body

<!DOCTYPE html>    
<html>    
<head>    
<meta charset="UTF-8">    
<title>${ENV, var="JOB_NAME"}- The first ${BUILD_NUMBER} Secondary build log </title>    
</head>    
   
<body leftmargin="8" marginwidth="0" topmargin="8" marginheight="4"    
   offset="0">    
   <table width="95%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"  style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">    
       <tr>    
           This message is sent automatically by the system , Don't need to reply ！<br/>            
           Dear colleagues , Hello everyone , The following is a ${PROJECT_NAME } Project build information </br> 
           <td><font color="#CC0000"> The build results  - ${BUILD_STATUS}</font></td>   
       </tr>    
       <tr>    
           <td><br />    
           <b><font color="#0B610B"> Build information </font></b>    
           <hr size="2" width="100%" align="center" /></td>    
       </tr>    
       <tr>    
           <td>    
               <ul>    
                   <li> Project name  ： ${PROJECT_NAME}</li>    
                   <li> Test report ： <a href="${PROJECT_URL}HTML_20Report"> Test report </a></li>    
                   <li> Build number  ：  The first ${BUILD_NUMBER} Time to build </li>    
                   <li> trigger ： ${CAUSE}</li>    
                   <li> Build status ： ${BUILD_STATUS}</li>    
                   <li> The build log ： <a href="${BUILD_URL}console">${BUILD_URL}console</a></li>    
                   <li> structure  Url ： <a href="${BUILD_URL}">${BUILD_URL}</a></li>    
                   <li> working directory  ： <a href="${PROJECT_URL}ws">${PROJECT_URL}ws</a></li>    
                   <li> project  Url ： <a href="${PROJECT_URL}">${PROJECT_URL}</a></li>    
               </ul>    

<h4><font color="#0B610B"> Failure case </font></h4>
<hr size="2" width="100%" />
$FAILED_TESTS<br/>

<h4><font color="#0B610B"> Recently submitted (#$SVN_REVISION)</font></h4>
<hr size="2" width="100%" />
<ul>
${CHANGES_SINCE_LAST_SUCCESS, reverse=true, format="%c", changesFormat="<li>%d [%a] %m</li>"}
</ul>
 Submit in detail : <a href="${PROJECT_URL}changes">${PROJECT_URL}changes</a><br/>

           </td>    
       </tr>    
   </table>    
</body>    
</html>

Check Enable Debug Mode： If the email fails , The log will contain detailed error information
Click on Default Triggers
- Check Always： Whether or not the test execution fails , Always send mail
preservation , Setup completed

Project settings

Open the previously created task , Enter the configuration

Post-build operation

choice Editable Email Notification

Project From： Must be empty , Otherwise, mail sending fails

5、 version control

SVN Version control and GIT version control

原网站

版权声明
本文为[Break through]所创，转载请带上原文链接，感谢
https://yzsam.com/2022/02/202202221450579359.html

当前位置：网站首页>Summary of Web automated testing

Summary of Web automated testing

One 、 First time to know WEB-selenium automated testing

Two 、 Automatic test for the login function of pirate mall

1、 An implicit wait

2、 window maximizing

3、 Window switch

4、 Select... From the drop-down box

5、`find_element_by_*` The formal prompt code of has expired

6、`find_elements` and `find_element` The difference between

3、 ... and 、 Automatic test for the function of modifying personal information of pirate mall

1、 When the submit When the button cannot be positioned

2、css_selector Positioning mode

3、 How to operate the calendar control

4、 Handling of pop-up boxes

5、 According to wait

Four 、 Background management system for pirate mall

1、 Processing of verification code

2、frame Label handling

3、 Advanced operation of element

4、 How to upload pictures

5、 Element oriented 8 Ways of planting

6、 Several common operation methods after locating elements

5、 ... and 、 Automated testing framework unittest2

1、unittest2 Introduce

2、unittest2 Use

3、BaseTestCase Encapsulation

4、 Data driven testing

5、 Generate test reports （HTMLTestRunner）

6、 Assertion

6、 ... and 、 Continuous integration

1、 Installation environment

2、 start-up Jenkins

3、 Perform test tasks regularly

4、 Set email reminders

5、 version control

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当前位置：网站首页>Summary of Web automated testing

Summary of Web automated testing

One 、 First time to know WEB-selenium automated testing

Two 、 Automatic test for the login function of pirate mall

1、 An implicit wait

2、 window maximizing

3、 Window switch

4、 Select... From the drop-down box

5、find_element_by_* The formal prompt code of has expired

6、find_elements and find_element The difference between

3、 ... and 、 Automatic test for the function of modifying personal information of pirate mall

1、 When the submit When the button cannot be positioned

2、css_selector Positioning mode

3、 How to operate the calendar control

4、 Handling of pop-up boxes

5、 According to wait

Four 、 Background management system for pirate mall

1、 Processing of verification code

2、frame Label handling

3、 Advanced operation of element

4、 How to upload pictures

5、 Element oriented 8 Ways of planting

6、 Several common operation methods after locating elements

5、 ... and 、 Automated testing framework unittest2

1、unittest2 Introduce

2、unittest2 Use

3、BaseTestCase Encapsulation

4、 Data driven testing

5、 Generate test reports （HTMLTestRunner）

6、 Assertion

6、 ... and 、 Continuous integration

1、 Installation environment

2、 start-up Jenkins

3、 Perform test tasks regularly

4、 Set email reminders

5、 version control

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猜你喜欢

随机推荐

5、`find_element_by_*` The formal prompt code of has expired

6、`find_elements` and `find_element` The difference between