With an average annual salary of 20W, automated test engineers are so popular?

Automation test engineer , Average annual salary 20w It's definitely not an empty Laifeng , Even I said less , With the year-end bonus and bonus, the annual salary may be more than 20w This level , Let's take a look at the screenshot below ,【 From the friends of work 】

This article will consist of the following 4 Part to expand ：

1. What is automated testing ？
2. The future of automated testing ？
3. To achieve 20w The annual salary needs to master those automatic testing techniques ？
4. Supporting resources and learning routes for advanced automated testing ！

One 、 What is automated testing ？

First, before you learn about automated testing , We first need to understand what automated testing is ？

In a broad sense , Automation includes All through tools （ Program ） The behavior of replacing or assisting manual testing can be regarded as automation . The main means is to simulate manual testing , Execute test cases by organizing the preparation of automated scripts , Solve the problem of heavy test workload , Automated testing can effectively improve testing efficiency .

Automated testing can be divided into two types ：1) Test automation performance ;2） Automatic function test .

Performance testing mainly uses testing tools ,Loadrunner、Jmeter etc. , Stress testing software 、 The load test 、 Strength tests and so on , Because these can't be replaced by hand , So it has to be automated .

Automatic function test ： Including unit tests 、 The interface test 、UI test . Mainly writing code 、 Script , Let the software run automatically , Find a flaw , Instead of partial manual testing . But generally only large projects need to be automated , Automated testing is not recommended for small and medium-sized projects .

At present, enterprises are interested in There are more and more requirements for automated testing . Testers want better development in the future , We need to master automation technology to increase our competitiveness .

Two 、 The future of automated testing ？

What is the prospect of an industry ? First look at the market demand . The following is the relevant data of some automated testing posts

According to statistics , At present, enterprises' demand for automation has been nearly half , Please look at the chart below. ：

2022 Automated testing requirements for annual statistics , Proportion 50% about

What is the prospect of automation development , The salary given by the market is also an important reference , Come and see Beijing , Shanghai , Guangzhou , The average salary of automated testing in Shenzhen :

Finally, let's take a look at Hangzhou , Chengdu , wuhan , The average salary of automated testing in Nanjing :

From the above data, it is not difficult to see , The average salary level of automated testing between cities of the same magnitude is not very different , The difference in the average salary level of automated testing between cities of different magnitudes is not too exaggerated .

overall , The average salary of automated testing is not the salary level of the middle and lower reaches in the Internet industry . As for the development prospect of automated testing , At least in terms of salary level , Want to continue to develop for a long time , There should be no big problem .
What is the development prospect of automated testing , It can also be seen from the salary increase over the years of the test , Please look at the chart below. ：

At present, the manual test is saturated , Test development hasn't completely exploded yet , Test salary can rise so year by year （2020 The year of the epidemic can increase compared with the previous year 6%）, The current automated testing has contributed greatly to the promotion of salary . Look at the trend chart above , You mean to doubt that automated testing has no future ？

My path to automated testing , I can't leave the plan of each stage all the way , Because I like planning and summarizing , therefore , My friend and I spent some time to compile the following 《 Automatic test engineer learning route 》, Also sorted out a lot 【 Network disk resources 】, Friends in need can At the end of the article

3、 ... and 、 To achieve 20w The annual salary needs to master those automatic testing techniques ？

Today I will discuss with you ： As a software test engineer, you should get 20w What strength does the annual salary need to have

First, let's analyze hard power ：

First of all Education , At the very least College degree or above , Therefore, the little partner with a lack of academic qualifications suggests taking a diploma ; The other is Technical hard power , There is more to be said in this section

First of all , Test general skills . Include

Software testing knowledge （ Various test theories , The test method , Test case writing ,bug Submit tracking ）; Computer knowledge （ operating system , database 、 Communication protocol ）

Product business analysis ability , This generally requires the accumulation of testing experience

second , Test the use of common tools . for example

Defect management tools ： ZenTao 、Jira
Version integration management ：Git、Jenkins
Network packet capturing tool ：fiddler、charles
Environment deployment management ：Docker

Interface testing tool ：Postman、Jmeter
App Special tests ：Perfdog、Qnet、monkey

Wait, if you go up a little ,

Third 、 Automated testing capabilities

1、 Familiar with at least one programming language , image Java、Python
2、 Master the mainstream automation testing framework ,
web End to end automated testing , Suggest selenium+pytest/unittest;
App Automatic test of mobile terminal , Suggest Appium+pytest/unittest;

Interface automation testing , Suggest requests+pytest/unittest

Fourth , A little higher , You may need to go to

Performance testing capabilities , Test development capabilities to enrich

In addition to the necessary hard power , Soft power can not be ignored , Except what we usually say , Good communication skills 、 Presentation skills 、 Learning ability 、 conscientiousness 、 Patient and careful , We also need to have the following 2 A trait ：

The first 1,“ indulge in the wildest fantasy ” Ability

For example, when we interview Test Engineers , We often encounter such problems ： Randomly designate an item in life , Like a water cup , And then ask you how to test ？ If you just talk about functional test points , I believe your test results will not be very good , Because this topic is to Examine your overall test thinking , The more “ indulge in the wildest fantasy ”, The more in line with the interviewer's expectations , So it's not just about function , You also need to start from the interface 、 Ease of use 、 Compatibility 、 Security 、 Think about stress and answer .

The first 2 Soft power , Is to How to think “ lazy ”

Lazy here , Not that I'm lazy at work and play with my cell phone 、 Tiktok , But to Learn to be lazy , How to save work efficiency

For example, the evolution of automated testing , It's actually out of “ lazy ” Ideas , Put some repeatability 、 Simple 、 Manual testing without technical content is done by code .

In general , As a software testing engineer , We need to be both hard and soft , Only in this way can we go further .

Four 、 Supporting resources and learning routes for advanced automated testing ！

1. Do automated tests , Must know a language

· First step ： Learn first python ------- python Don't pass the test , Don't talk about automation .

If only learning Robot Framwork, Through this to do Automation , Don't think you shouldn't study Selenium Follow python 了 , because Robot Framework There may not be enough keywords in , Can't meet your needs , Then we need to customize keywords , At this time, you have to pass python+selenium To write .

python Automated learning routes

Two 、 Master some front-end knowledge

As an automated test siege lion , Always need to do a lot of element positioning , So element positioning , We urgently need to learn some basic knowledge of the front end .

Pre Basics

3、 ... and 、 Database learning ：

Database is what every practitioner in this industry should learn , Whether it's the front end 、 backstage 、 Or testing 、 project manager 、 The product manager 、 Operation and maintenance personnel need to be clearly familiar with database related operations , As a test , You should be familiar with the commands such as adding, deleting, modifying and querying the database .

Linux And the database

I hope you want to learn by yourself , Through my sharing, I can Take fewer detours , It can form its own system , and Apply to practice in . Of course , I sincerely hope you will get a promotion and a raise , Perhaps this is the most practical .

If you have similar puzzles , Then the video resources and documents I organize will be your good teachers and friends , Maybe it can bring you some practical help and breakthrough . At the end of the article

The next step is to learn the content of automated testing

Automatic composition ：  Automated testing is widely used in the current market , The mainstream has Interface automation testing and UI automated testing . On this basis , add Continuous integration , Can achieve fully automated testing .

Next, I will introduce automation in detail according to these three main components of automation :

One 、 Interface automation testing  
Two 、UI automated testing
3、 ... and 、 Continuous integration

---

1、 Interface automation testing

Most of the projects on the market at present , It's all front-end and back-end projects , A lot of interfaces come out of this . Interface automation test , It mainly tests the interface . that , How should we conduct interface automation testing ？ Here are some knowledge points and tools , Must master .

1.1、HTTP and HTTPS agreement   In the interface test of the main process , A large number of interfaces are based on HTTP Protocol implementation , For data security HTTPS Agreement , therefore HTTP and HTTPS The agreement must be mastered . 1.2、 Interface document   In practice , The carrier of interface information except code , That's the interface document （ Developers provide ）, Understand the structure of the interface document 、 Content and specifications can help us deeply participate in interface testing and interface automation testing .

1.3、 Interface testing tool Jmeter and Postman meter It is an interface testing tool rising in recent years , Its biggest feature is free and open source , Easy to learn . Jmeter Official website ：https://jmeter.apache.org/index.html

Postman Tools are also powerful , In the actual project application , Almost every development uses Postman To debug interface requests . Postman main interface

Official document

1.4、Mock test   In automated testing , Not all functions are suitable for automated testing , For some difficult test points , We have to use Mock Technology to simulate .

• Login and registration interface , Cryptographically Mock
• Mock Payment environment
• Mock Payment password
• Mock Verification Code ( Image verification code 、 Slider verification code 、 Face recognition, etc 、 SMS verification code and so on )

1.5、 summary   After mastering these knowledge points , about HTTP Interface automation test of protocol , You can master and apply ; Even small-scale interface performance testing can be carried out .

2、UI automated testing

UI The cost of automated testing is higher than that of interface testing , The main reason is not the difficulty of technical implementation , But because UI It is the terminal interface for docking users , It is adjusted most frequently , The most drastic changes , Therefore, the maintenance cost is high . So we don't need to do UI Automated testing ？ On the contrary , For some large projects , Its function is to be in a continuous iterative process , Although the interface is adjusting , However, due to the long project cycle , During development and testing , Need to frequently use automated test scripts for regression testing , It can improve the utilization of automated testing , Improve work efficiency , Reduce the cost of work . and ,UI Automated testing , There is a key idea , be called “ Keyword Driven ” test , Dedicated to solving UI Problems in the development and maintenance of automated test scripts .  So how to learn UI Automated testing ?  ad locum , We can learn first Web automated testing , To learn App automated testing .

2.1、Web automated testing

It's recommended here Selenium Tools and Robot framework Recommended reasons ：Selenium and Robot framework It is one of the top ten automated testing tools in the world （ Indistinguishes UI Automation and interface automation ） As shown in the figure below 2019 The most popular automated testing tool in ：（Selenium At the top ）

2.2、 Selenium Selenium It's mainly about Web automated testing , At the same time on the cell phone APP Automated testing , Some testing frameworks are also based on Selenium To achieve . If you want to do Web automated testing , Study selenium It's the best choice .  advantage

• Cross platform 、 Cross language
• Support multiple browsers
• Support mobile testing
• There are many plug-ins , Extensibility is strong

shortcoming

• Test reports cannot be generated directly
• Can't recognize dynamic pictures

master Selenium after , Then you have mastered the mainstream Web automated testing .  Study Selenium Methods

• First master the manual function test , Understand the functional business of the test
• To learn HTML、CSS、JS These three knowledge
• Third learning Selenium The test framework
• Finally learn PO Thought of hierarchical management

Mastering these knowledge points must take more time and energy , For these learning materials and tutorials, you can go to the group file of our exchange group to get them directly , There are also many recorded video tutorials , The explanation given by the boss was very detailed , Can help you quickly understand and master .

2.3、 Robot framework Robot Framework yes python Function automation test tool written in . It has good expansibility , Keyword Driven , Support testing multiple types of clients or interfaces at the same time , You can also do distributed testing .  advantage

• Keyword Driven Testing
• Can be reused
• Easy to expand
• Support HTML Test report
• There is a huge test library to support （ Support web、 mobile phone 、windows client 、 database 、HTTP Testing, etc ）

shortcoming

• Common problems of interface operation ： Use cases is too laggy.
• Somewhat BUG, For example, when importing a test library, it will get stuck

Learned to Robot Framework Use , Then you have mastered the Keyword Driven Technology .  Keyword Driven   Study Robotframework Methods  2.4 summary  Selenium and Robot framekwork If you can master both , So whether it's mainstream Web automated testing , Or something else UI Automated testing , Can have their own experience , And occupy a position in the market .

3、App automated testing

3.1 、 Which tool should I choose ？  Let's start with a set of data （ Main stream ）：

Supported function data （TesterHome obtain ）

From the above two figures , You can find ,Appium Whether in market utilization , Or in function , Better than other tools . and ,Appium Not only support Android, but also support iOS, So here , We should choose to study Appium Can best meet the needs of the market . 3.2 、Appium Learning methods   Official website ：http://appium.io/

Chinese learning manual ：：https://www.kancloud.cn/testerhome/appium_docs_cn/2001595

4、 Continuous integration

4.1、 What is continuous integration ？  Let's imagine a scene , Now a test engineer has written all the automation scripts , But the big man still needs to go to work every day “ Start “ Run script , And when the developer submits a new version , You also need to rerun the automation script . So can you make this automated script , Automatic operation , And after developing each release , What about automatic execution ？ Certainly. , This is continuous integration . To learn continuous integration , First of all recommend jenkins. 4.2、 What is a continuous integration tool Jenkins？ Jenkins The tool is JAVA Write open source tools , Whether it's scalability , Or practicality , All very good , Many small and medium-sized companies use jenkins Continuous integration , Some large companies are also jenkins The second development on the basis of .

4.3、 How to learn Jenkins

• understand CI and CD The concept of  CI： Continuous integration （ Code written by multiple developers , Integrated in code warehouse , Automatic unit testing , And return the result ） CD： Continuous delivery （ Integrated code , Automatic build 、 Deploy 、 test 、 Release , And return the results of each stage ）
• To implement these processes , We need to learn
• Integration code
• unit testing
• Building code
• Deployment code
• Test code
• Post code
• Send test results
• Use Jenkins Integrate these processes

To learn continuous integration well , The light on Jenkins This tool is not enough , We even need to go deep into architecture design 、 Development 、 test 、 Operation and maintenance can be carried out well .

5、 ... and 、 summary

In fact, automated testing is a very broad technology , If you want to be proficient in all fields , You need at least 5 Years of research to master , Proficiency to a certain level , Even being a technical director is not impossible . For testing , Testing is actually relatively easy , The technical difficulty is not particularly high , So during the test , Be sure to keep learning , Continuous integration , To make progress , Realize your own value .

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