Introduction to development model + test model

Development model

The whole software development life cycle ： demand - plan - Design - code - test - Operation and maintenance .

Waterfall model

Waterfall model is the basic framework of other models , It is a software development model of linear sequential execution .
advantage ： Emphasize the stage of development ; Emphasis on early planning and needs survey ; Emphasis on product testing .
shortcoming ： Too much reliance on early needs surveys , Unable to adapt to changes in demand ; Because it is a single process , The risk is often revealed in the later testing stage , Missed opportunity to correct in time .

Spiral model

Generally, in the early stage of software development, the requirements are not very clear , Adopt a progressive development model , Spiral development is the representative of progressive development model .

advantage ： Emphasize strict whole process risk management ; Emphasize the quality of each development stage ; Provide an opportunity to review the value of the project and continue
shortcoming ： Introduce very strict risk awareness 、 Risk analysis and risk control , There are high requirements for the technical level of risk management .

The incremental 、 Iterative model

Incremental development model , Encourage user feedback , In every generation , Promote the development team in a circular way 、 Drive product development in a predictable way . therefore , In this development mode , Each iteration means that there may be required changes 、 Build a new executable software version , This means that testing needs to be done frequently , Testers need to work more closely with developers .

agile development

Agile development is about the social engineering of software development , The contribution of agile is to pay more attention to the enthusiasm of developers .

There are many ways of agile development , among scrum It is a popular one .
scrum from PO（product owner） The product manager 、SM（scrum master) Project manager and ST（scrum team） Composition of R & D team .
PO： Client representative , Sort out customer needs .
SM： project manager , Manage the entire development process , Ensure the smooth implementation of agile development process .
ST： R & D team , Composition of various technicians .

The basic flow ：

Product launch meeting - Iteration planning meeting - The daily meeting - Product demonstration meeting - Retrospective meeting

test model

v Model

v The model points out that , Unit and integration testing should check whether program execution meets the requirements of software design ;
The system test shall test the function of the system 、 Whether the quality characteristics of performance meet the requirements of the system ;
The acceptance test determines whether the implementation of the software meets the needs of users and the requirements of the contract .

advantage ： Clearly mark the different types of tests that exist in the test process ; Clear represents the correspondence between the test phase and the development phase .

shortcoming ： Use testing as a post coding phase , No testing in the requirements phase .

w Model

W The model consists of two v Model composition , Represent the process of test and development respectively .W The test object of the model is not only the program , demand 、 Design, etc. should also be tested , Testing and development are conducted simultaneously .

advantage ： It is helpful to find out the problems as soon as possible . Testing requirements is also conducive to timely understanding of project difficulty and testing risks , Early designation of countermeasures , Speed up the project .

shortcoming ： Can not adapt to changes in demand , Agile development mode is not supported .