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功耗:Leakage Power
2022-07-28 04:07:00 【Wiley.Wen】

1 CMOS电路Power分类:
- 静态电源
- 动态功率
静态功率是电路不活动或空闲时消耗的功率。即所有输入都处于保持有效电平,没有开关活动,并且电路没有充电。然而,即使在这种“稳定状态”下,器件中也会存在一些泄漏电流,这会导致泄漏功率。这种功耗不取决于输入条件或负载电容,而是取决于器件。
2 Leakage来源
1)Reverse bias-pn junction leakage current
2)Subthreshold leakage current
- Drain-induced barrier lowering
- Vth roll off
- Effect of operating temperature
- Tunneling into and through gate oxide leakage current
- Leakage current due to hot carrier injection from the substrate to gate oxide
- Leakage current due to gate-induced drain lowering (GIDL)
3 时钟门控如何降低动态功耗
3.1 时钟门控减少翻转
门控时钟会对时钟驱动的DFF因没有时钟驱动而不会存在反转,减少电路的翻转功耗,对动态功耗有明显降低。
3.2 时钟门控对DFF寄存器寄生电容充放电影响
时钟会在每个DFF寄存器上产生寄生电容,寄生电容在时钟反转过程中会产生充放电过程,需要从电源抽取电流,从而产生功耗。而时钟门控可以避免DFF上寄生电容的充放电过程,避免此类功耗产生。
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