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What is the dry goods microservice architecture? What are the advantages and disadvantages?

2022-06-29 02:12:00 【Intelligence Podcast】

Microservice architecture definition

Microservice architecture is an architecture style and architecture idea , It advocates us to build on the traditional software application architecture , Split the system business into more fine-grained services according to functions , Each service split is an independent application .

These applications provide public API, Can independently undertake the responsibility of external service , The software service entity developed by this way of thinking is “ Microservices ”, And a series of architectures built around the idea of microservice ( Including the development of 、 test 、 Deployment, etc. ), We can call it “ Microservice architecture ”.

According to the definition of micro Service Architecture , The way to split traditional single architecture into micro service architecture .

The traditional monomer architecture is divided into micro service architecture ：

As can be seen from the above figure , Microservice architecture has integrated the order service in the traditional monomer architecture 、 Commodity services and user services are divided into independent services , Each of these services is an independent application , You can access your own database , These services provide public API, And services can call each other .

Be careful ：

Microservice and microservice architecture are two different concepts . Microservices emphasize the size of services , It focuses on a point , Microservice architecture is an architectural idea , It is necessary to comprehensively consider the software system as a whole .

The advantages of microservice Architecture

Compared with the traditional single application architecture , Microservice architecture has many advantages , The specific performance is as follows ：

1. Controllable complexity

Microservice architecture decomposes applications at the same time , Avoid the endless accumulation of original complexity . Each microservice focuses on a single function , And clearly express the service boundary through well-defined interfaces . Because of its small size 、 Low complexity , Each microservice can be completely controlled by a small-scale development team , Easy to maintain high maintainability , And improve the development efficiency .

2. Independently deployable

Because microservices have independent running processes , So each microservice can be deployed independently . When a microservice changes , No need to compile 、 Deploy the entire application . An application composed of microservices is equivalent to a series of parallel publishing processes , Make publishing more efficient , At the same time, it reduces the risk to the production environment , Ultimately reduce application lead time .

3. Flexible technology selection

Microservices architecture , The selection of technology is diversified . Each team can be based on their own service needs and the current situation of industry development , Free to choose the most suitable technology . Because each microservice is relatively simple , When the technology needs to be upgraded , The risk is low , Even completely refactoring a microservice is feasible and easy .

4. Easy fault tolerance

When a component in the architecture fails , Under the traditional framework of single process , Faults are likely to spread in the process , The whole application is not available . In the microservices architecture , Faults are isolated in a single service . If the design is good , Other services can be retried 、 Implementation of application level fault tolerance by stable degradation and other mechanisms .

5. extensible

A single service application can also achieve horizontal expansion , This extension can be realized by completely copying the whole application to different nodes . When different components of the application differ in the expansion requirements , Microservice architecture reflects its flexibility , Because each service can be expanded independently according to actual needs .

6. Function specific

Each microservice has its own business logic and adapter , And a microservice generally only completes a specific function , For example, goods and services only manage goods 、 Customer service only manages customers, etc . In this way, developers can fully focus on the development of a specific function , Without thinking too much about other , So as to improve the development efficiency .

In addition to the above benefits , Microservice architecture also has many benefits , Due to limited space , Here is not a list , But the benefits of microservice architecture can be seen , Using microservices can well solve the problems in the traditional monomer Architecture .

The shortcomings of microservice Architecture

In addition to the various advantages mentioned above, microservice Architecture , There are still some deficiencies , The specific manifestations of these deficiencies are as follows ：

1. Developers have to deal with the complexity of creating distributed systems

① development tool ( or IDE) It is oriented to building traditional single application , Does not provide full functional support for developing distributed applications .

② Testing is more difficult . In the microservices architecture , There are many services , Each service is an independent business unit , Services interact mainly through interfaces , How to ensure the normal of dependence , Is the main challenge of testing .

③ Developers must implement the communication mechanism between services .

④ When implementing use cases across multiple services , Need to face the difficulties of using distributed transaction management .

⑤ Implement use cases across multiple services , Requires careful coordination between teams .

2. The complexity of deployment

When deploying and managing , The operation of a system composed of many different service types is more complex , This will require the development of 、 The test and operation and maintenance personnel have the corresponding technical level .

3. Increase memory consumption

The microservice architecture is replaced by multiple service instances 1 A single application instance , If each service runs on its own JVM in , How many service instances are there , How many instances will have memory overhead at runtime .

Microservice architecture and SOA The difference between

Through the above , I believe you have a certain understanding of the microservice architecture . Careful students may have such a question , Microservice architecture and SOA It's all a split of a single architecture , What's the difference between them ？ Here is a table to compare the differences between the two .

Microservice architecture and SOA The difference between ：