[combat power upgrade] Tencent cloud's first arm architecture instance was launched! Experience the new architecture computing power!

Application address for internal test ：https://cloud.tencent.com/apply/p/scw6lz59zg

PS: This is a waste of the hard work , in the future ARM Architecture of the server does not need to kneel down to the manufacturer , Xinchuang server ,to.B  N0.1! Xinchuang small steel cannon ~

ARM Architecture diagram

　　 The picture below shows ARM Architecture . It consists of 32 position ALU、 Several 32 Bit general register and status register 、32&TImes;8 Bit multiplier 、32&TImes;32 Bit bucket shift register 、 Instruction decoding and control logic 、 Instruction pipeline and data / Address register composition .

　　1、ALU： It has two operations Digital latch 、 adder 、 logic function 、 Results and zero detection logic .

　　2、 Barrel shift register ：ARM Adopted 32&TImes;32 Bit barrel shift register , This will make it move to the left / Move right n position 、 Circular shift n Bit and arithmetic shift right n You can do it all at once .

　　3、 High speed multiplier ： Multipliers generally use “ Add a shift ” To achieve multiplication .ARM In order to improve the operation speed , Then we use the method of two digit multiplication , According to the multiplier 2 Bit to achieve “ Add a shift ” operation ;ARM High speed multiplier adopts 32&TImes;8 Bit structure , such , Can reduce Integration （ Its corresponding chip area is less than the parallel multiplier 1/3）.

　　4、 Floating point unit ： Floating point units are available as options ARM Use of framework .FPA10 Floating point accelerators are used as The co processing method is the same as ARM Connected to a , And through the interpretation of CO processing instructions to execute .

　　5、 controller ：ARM The controller of is Is a hard wired programmable logic array PLA.

　　6、 register ：

　　x86 framework

　　 current PC Most of the architecture is Intel Of X86 framework , It seems that it's also because INTEL This X86 The architecture has long been INTEL Status as high as the sun .X86 framework （The X86 architecture） It's micro A set of computer language instructions executed by a processor , Means a intel Abbreviation of standard number of general computer series , It also identifies a general set of computer instructions .

　　 Of course , This is not the case with all the architecture diagrams , According to different motherboards , platform , The architecture is slightly different, for example , Now it's very Multiple motherboards have integrated Beiqiao into CPU among , Integrate the South Bridge into PCH, But the general framework is still the same . The following is a brief introduction to the contents of the architecture diagram .

　　1：CPU, A noun that is familiar to everyone , a central processor , The core brain of the computer .

　　2： North Bridge （North Bridge Chipset）： Beiqiao is a chip on the computer motherboard , be located CPU Socket side , Play a connecting role .

　　3： Nanqiao chip （South Bridge） It is an important part of the motherboard chipset , It is generally located on the motherboard, away from CPU Far below the slot ,PCI Near the slot , This layout takes into account the connected I/O More buses , Stay away from the processor to facilitate cabling .

　　4： Memory is one of the most important parts of a computer , It is related to CPU Bridge for communication . All programs in the computer run in memory , So the performance of memory has a huge impact on the computer .

　　5： The graphics card （Video card,Graphics card） Full name: display interface card , Also called display adapter , Is the most basic configuration of the computer 、 One of the most important accessories .

　　6： Show j Interface

　　7： A network card is a network component that works at the link layer , It is the interface between computer and transmission medium in LAN , It can not only realize the physical connection and electrical signal matching with the LAN transmission medium , It also involves Transmission and reception of frames 、 Packaging and unpacking of frames 、 Media access control 、 Data encoding and decoding and data caching The function of .

　　8： The basic function of the sound card is to put the sound from the microphone 、 Magnetic tape 、 The original sound signal of the disc is converted , transport Out to headphones 、 The speaker 、 an amplifier 、 Sound equipment such as tape recorder , Or through the digital interface of music equipment （MIDI） Make the instrument make a beautiful sound .

　　9：SATA（Serial Advanced Technology Attachment, Serial advanced technology accessories ） It is a serial hardware driver interface based on industry standard , By Intel、IBM、Dell、APT、Maxtor and Seagate Hard disk interface specification proposed by the company .

　　10： Hard disk is one of the main storage media of computer , By one or more A disc made of aluminum or glass . The disk is covered with ferromagnetic material .

　　11： Bus

　【 a key 】arm The architecture and x86 framework What's the difference?

　　 One 、 performance

　　X86 A structured computer is better than ARM The performance of a structured system is much faster 、 Much better .X86 Of CPU Whatever 1G above 、 Dual core 、 Four cores are popular , Usually use 45nm（ Even more advanced ） The process of production ; and ARM aspect ：CPU It's usually hundreds of megabytes , Only recently 1G Left and right CPU, The process usually doesn't use 65nm Process technology , It can be said that in terms of performance and production process ARM Not at all X86 Opponents of structural systems .

　　 but ARM It's not about performance, it's about efficiency ,ARM use RISC Pipeline instruction set , They are at a disadvantage in completing comprehensive work , And in some applications with relatively fixed tasks, its advantages can be brought into full play .

　　 Two 、 Expand capabilities

　　X86 The structure of the computer uses “ Bridge ” The way to expand the device （ Such as ： Hard disk 、 Memory, etc. ） Connect , and x86 The computer of structure appeared near 30 year , There are many kinds of equipment to be expanded 、 The price is relatively cheap , therefore x86 It's very easy to expand the performance of a computer with this structure , Such as increasing memory 、 Hard disk, etc. .

　　ARM The structure of the computer is through a dedicated data interface CPU Connect to a data storage device , therefore ARM The storage 、 Performance expansion such as memory is difficult （ Generally, the capacity of memory and data storage has been determined during product design ）, So using ARM System of structure , Generally, expansion is not considered . Basic principles “ Enough is good ” Principles .

　　 3、 ... and 、 The compatibility of the operating system

　　X86 The system is developed by Microsoft and Intel Built Wintel The alliance rules the world , Monopolized the PC operating system 30 year , Forming a huge user base , Also deeply solidified the use habits of many users , meanwhile x86 The system has formed a unified standard in hardware and software development , Almost all x86 The hardware platform can directly use Microsoft's windows system and almost all the popular tools and software , therefore x86 The system has incomparable advantages in compatibility .

　　ARM Almost all systems use Linux Operating system of , And almost all hardware systems have to build their own systems , Not compatible with other systems , This also leads to its application software is not easy to transplant , This has been a serious constraint on ARM The development and application of the system .GOOGLE Developed an open Android After the system , Unified ARM Structure the operating system of the computer , Make the new launch based on ARM The structure of the computer system has a unified 、 Open style 、 Free operating system , by ARM Our development has provided strong support and impetus .

　　 Four 、 The convenience of software development and the diversity of available tools

　　X86 The structure of the system has been launched nearly 30 year , in the meantime ,x86 Computers have gone through a golden age of rapid development , User applications 、 Software matching 、 Software development tools supporting and compatible work , Has reached a very mature and even perfect state . So use X86 Computer systems not only have a lot of third-party software to choose from , There are also plenty of software programming tools that can help you do what you want to do .

　　Arm Because of the limitation of hardware performance, the computer system with high-speed structure 、 The streamlining of the operating system 、 And system compatibility , cause Arm A structured computer system can't be like X86 There are so many programming tools and third-party software to choose from and use ,ARM Most of our programming languages are C and JAVA.

　　 A comparison of this , The more direct conclusion is ： be based on x86 Structure computer system platform development software than arm Structural systems are easier 、 It's simpler 、 The actual cost is also lower , It's also easier to find third-party software （ Save yourself time and cost of development ）, And software migration is easier .

　　 From the above comparative analysis , It gives us a very clear feeling ,ARM and X86 The structure of the computer simply can not be compared ,ARM Not at all X86 The rival of computers . Yes , If we only consider the above aspects ,ARM It's really impossible to communicate with X86 Computer competition , Not even qualified to compare . But near 1、2 year ,ARM Our products are developing rapidly in terminal applications, especially in handheld terminal applications （ Such as ： A smart phone 、 Tablet, etc ）, Its sales have gone far beyond x86 The number of computers sold by structure , so ARM It has its relation with X86 The incomparable advantages of structural computers . The advantage is ： Power waste .

　　 5、 ... and 、 Power waste

　　X86 The computer needs to adapt to various applications , Its development idea is ： performance + Speed .20 these years x86 The speed of the computer has changed from 8088 A few days M Up to now, it's just a few G, And it's a few cores , Its speed and performance have been improved by thousands of years 、 ten thousandfold , Technological progress makes x86 Computers have become an indispensable part of public life . however x86 The direction and mode of computer development , So that its power consumption has been high , A computer is just a few hundred watts , Even the so-called low-power energy-saving laptop or netbook , There are more than ten 、 More than 20 watts of power consumption , This is related to ARM The structure of the computer can't be compared with .

PS: Last , Xiaobian thinks , The gap between the two will gradually narrow in the future , Whether it's ARM Architecture or X86 framework , Each has its own advantages and disadvantages , Are tools that serve end users well , Different applications 
 Different scenarios have different requirements , Can be used as a base for operation , Finally, it should serve the upper application , therefore , Whatever that development is, it is a service application , The current distributed 
 Can shield the underlying hardware differences , Implement a converged architecture , Almost no difference ,ARM+X86 Are evolving , Better service , Will support the better and faster development of the base .