Dfinity (ICP) development problems and solutions-6

Dfinity Develop problems and solutions

This section provides information to help you troubleshoot and troubleshoot or workaround common problems related to the following tasks ：

• Download and install DFINITY Canister SDK
• establish 、 Build or deploy containers
• Use dfx Command line interface
• Run locally in the development environment Internet computer network

Ensure that nodes are available in the project

Because the project depends on webpack Provides a framework for the default front end , So you must have node.js It is installed in your development environment and can be accessed in the project directory .

• If you want to use the default webpack Develop your project with configuration and container aliases , You can assets from dfx.json Delete the container from the file or build your project with a specific container name . for example , You can choose to build only by running the following command hello Program , Without front-end assets ：

  dfx build hello
  

• If you use the default webpack Configure and run dfx build Failure , You should try npm install Run in the project directory and rerun dfx build.

• If npm install Running in the project directory does not solve the problem , You should check webpack.config.js Whether there is syntax error in the configuration of the file

Migrate existing projects

at present , You may use a previous version of dfx None of the projects created by the command line interface have automatic migration or backward compatibility . After upgrading to the latest version , If you try to build or install using a previous version of dfx The project created by the command line interface , You may see error or failure messages .

however , in many instances , You can change... Manually dfx.json In the configuration file dfx Set up , Then rebuild the project to work with dfx You currently have a command line interface version that is compatible with , To continue to use the project installation in the previous version .

for example , If you have one to use dfxversion Project created , In the text editor 0.4.9 Open the dfx.json Document and will dfx Change the settings to the latest version or delete the section completely .

Restart local Internet computer network

In some cases , Due to replication status error , Start locally Internet The computer network will fail . If it's running dfx start Start a local Internet There was a problem with the computer network ：

1. In the terminal that displays the network operation , Press Control-C Interruptible local network processes .

2. Stop... By running the following command Internet computer network ：

   dfx stop
   

3. By running the following command , Restart in a clean state Internet Computer ：

   dfx start --clean
   

   The --clean Option removes checkpoints and stale status information from your project cache , So that you can restart in a clean state Internet Computer copy and Web Server process .

But remember , If you reset the status information by running dfx start --clean, Your existing container will also be deleted .

After operation dfx start --clean, Recreate your container by running the following command ：

dfx canister create --all
dfx build
dfx canister install --all

Delete easy Directory

If you are successfully connected to Internet There was a problem building or deploying the container after the computer registered the container identifier , You should canisters Delete the directory before attempting to rebuild or redeploy the container .

You can canisters Delete the project directory by running the following command in the project root directory ：

rm -rf ./.dfx/* canisters/*

reinstall dfx

Many of the errors you may encounter can be uninstalled and reinstalled dfx Command line interface to solve . There are several ways to reinstall dfx.

If you dfx Only one version is installed in the development environment of , You can usually run the following command to uninstall and reinstall the latest version of dfx：

~/.cache/dfinity/uninstall.sh && sh -ci "$(curl -sSL https://sdk.dfinity.org/install.sh)"

If you modify dfx Location of binaries , You may need to run the following command to uninstall dfxPATH Version in , Then reinstall the latest version dfx：

rm -rf ~/.cache/dfinity && rm $(which dfx) && sh -ci "$(curl -sSL https://sdk.dfinity.org/install.sh)"

Xcode precondition

stay macOS When creating a new project on your computer , Some version of DFINITY Canister SDK You will be prompted to install Xcode. The prompt has been deleted , The dfx new The command does not require you to install any macOS Developer Tools . however , If you want to create Git The repository , You should install Developer Command Line Tools.

You can check whether the developer tools are installed by running xcode-select -p. You can install developer tools by running xcode-select --install.

Use VM Build failed on

If you dfx stay Ubuntu or CentOS Running with a virtual machine image on , When you try to run dfx build On command , You may see the error message shown below ：

Building hello...
An error occurred:
Io(
    Os {
    
        code: 2,
        kind: NotFound,
        message: "No such file or directory",
    },
)

Address usage error or orphaned process

If you are developing a project locally , You usually have a local version of the core Internet Computer processes —— Collectively referred to as —— stay replica Separate terminal or background operation . If you are running Internet The computer process did not terminate correctly , You may see operating system errors , Indicates that the address is already in use , Or you cannot use this dfx stop Command to stop the process normally .

In many cases you may encounter this problem . for example , If you dfx start Run in the local project directory , Then stop without first Internet Change to a different local project directory in case of a computer process , You may see this problem .

If you encounter a problem with a message that suspects that the address is already in use or that the process is running in the background , Please perform the following steps ：

1. If you use the default local network binding , Please run the following command to see which process is listening 8000 port ：

   lsof -i tcp:8000
   

2. Run the following command to terminate any orphaned processes ：

   killall dfx replica
   

3. Close the current terminal and open a new terminal window .

4. In the new terminal , Run the following command , Run the local Internet computer in a clean state ：

   dfx start --clean --background
   

Memory leak

Fixing memory leaks is an ongoing process . If you encounter any error messages related to memory leaks , You should do the following ：

1. function dfx stop To stop the currently running process .
2. uninstall dfx To prevent further degradation .
3. reinstall dfx
4. function dfx start To restart the replica process .

perhaps , You can delete this .cache/dfinity Directory and reinstall the latest dfx Binary . for example ：

rm -rf ~/.cache/dfinity && sh -ci "$(curl -sSL https://sdk.dfinity.org/install.sh)"

• https://sdk.dfinity.org/docs/developers-guide/cli-reference/dfx-wallet.html)