An article to get you started VIM

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vi&vim

vi and vim The difference between , Simply put, they are all multimodal editors , The difference is vim yes vi Updated version of , It's not only compatible with vi All instructions , But also with some new features in it , For example, syntax highlighting , Visualization can be done not only in Terminal operation , It can also run on mac os On .

vim Concept

vim Is a text editor with multiple modes , Here are the three most commonly used modes .

1. Command mode （ The default mode ）
   Control the movement of the screen cursor , character 、 Deletion of words and lines 、 Move copy a section and enter In insertion mode , Or enter In bottom line mode
2. Insertion mode
   You can enter text only in insert mode , Press Esc key You can return to the command mode
3. Bottom line mode
   File save exit , You can also replace files , Find string , List a series of operations such as line number , In command mode ,shift+: Can Enter this mode , The essence is to enter a colon .

View all vim Pattern command , Get into vim In bottom line mode Enter the following command
help vim-modes

vim share 16 Patterns , It is divided into 6 This basic pattern and 6 An additional mode

vim Basic operation ( Mode switch + Save and exit )

grammar ：vim file name

Be careful ：vim command Enter into vim after , The default is In command mode , To switch to Insertion mode Before you can enter text

• [ Command mode ] Switch to [ Insertion mode ]

• Input a

• Input i

• Access o

  That is to say, input a、i、o You can switch from command mode to insert mode

• [ Command mode ] Switch to [ Bottom line mode ]
  Press and hold at the same time shift + :, It's essentially entering a colon , You can switch from the command mode to the bottom line mode

• [ Insertion mode or Bottom line mode ] Switch to Command mode

  Whether it's in insert mode or bottom line mode, or you don't know which mode you're in , Direct mindless pressing Esc That's all right.

• sign out vim And save files
  Enter... In command mode : Enter bottom line mode
  There are three letter options ：w: preservation 、q： sign out 、!： mandatory

  1. Save the file ：:w
  2. Exit without saving ：q
  3. Force save and exit ：wq!
  4. Forced exit ：q
  5. Force save ：w!

vim Command mode operation summary

Move the cursor

• Cursor movement ： Left h、 Next j、 On k、 Right l

• Position the cursor left and right ：shift+^,shift+$, Left and right positioning （ Position the cursor directly on the... Of the current line character Leftmost and rightmost ）` White space characters do not count

• Up and down positioning ：shift+g Go to the last line 、gg Go to the first line

• Specify positioning ：n+shift+g,n Is a number that means location To Lines , such as 8+shift+g Go to the beginning of the eighth line

• Word location ：w The cursor is positioned at the beginning of the next word ,e The cursor is positioned at the end of the next word ,b Cursor positioning To the beginning of the last word

• Position back ： Numbers +l Move the cursor to the back of the current position of the current row n Characters , If it is 6+l It's moving backwards 6 Characters

• Page turning ：ctrl+f Move the screen back one page ,ctrl+b Move screen forward one page ,ctrl+d The screen moves back half a page ,ctrl+u Move the screen forward half a page

Delete text

• x： Every time you press , Delete the first character at the cursor position
• [#x]： such as 3x Indicates that after the position of the deletion cursor （ contain own ） Of 3 Characters
• X： Capitalization X, Press once to delete a character in front of the cursor （ Not including myself ）
• #X： Capitalization X, such as 10X Delete the front of the cursor 10 Characters （ Not including myself ）
• dd： Delete the line where the cursor is located
• #dd： Delete from the line where the cursor is located # That's ok ,, such as 4dd Delete from the current line 4 That's ok （ Include the line ）

Copy cut paste text

• yw： Copy the character from the cursor to the end of the word to the buffer （ Copy the letters of a word from the cursor position of the word , Generally, when encountering different types of characters, it will stop copying ）
• #yw： Copy # A word into the buffer （ The distinction between words can be words or characters or Chinese , This may not be rigorous ）
• yy： Copy the cursor Line to buffer
• #yy： Copy the cursor line back # That's ok , Including the current line
• p： Paste the characters of the buffer to the position of the cursor （ Be careful ： All in y The related copy commands must be the same as p Cooperation ability Complete the copy and paste function ）
• dd+p: Cut the current line of text

Replace words

• r: Replace the character where the cursor is , such as r+6 Is to replace the character of the cursor with 6
• R： Constantly replace the characters where the cursor goes , Know to press Esc Key up

Revocation and reinstatement of revocation

• u： Immediately recall to the previous operation , Be similar to windows Of Ctrl+z
• Ctrl+r： Undo restore , Return to the state before revocation

Case Toggle

• shirt + ~： Replace the lowercase character of the cursor with the size , Replace size with lowercase

Bottom line mode command summary

shift + : Enter bottom line mode

According to the line Numbers

• set nu： According to the line Numbers

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• set nonu： Cancel the line Numbers

Save and exit

• w： preservation 、q： sign out 、!： mandatory , Can be used together

stay vim perform Linux command

• !+[ command ]： Don't quit vim perform Linux command

  
  
  Again ls Query whether there is successfully compiled code

Execute the successfully compiled code

vim Split screen

• vs file name ： Split screen
  If the file doesn't exist , The command is created automatically , And save with the command , Exit without saving still Will not appear in the directory

Each split screen is a vim, All can be done vim Switching between multiple modes

• ctrl + w： Split screen , The cursor switches between multiple screens

Multiple split screens can be switched with this command , Where the cursor is vim In the window

vim To configure

• stay /etc/ below , A name is vimrc The file of , It is public in the system vim The configuration file , It works for all users

• And in each user's home directory , You can create your own private configuration file , Name it .vimrc
  
  use vim .vimrc Open the file to add some vim To configure

• For example, display the line number set nu
  After this is configured, the line number will not be displayed in the bottom line mode
  More configurations can be made by Baidu

because vim It's very cumbersome to configure , Some configurations also require the installation of plug-ins . You can use the boss in Githup Upper vim To configure , All you need is one command vim To configure

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