Answer questions! This article explains the automated testing framework in software testing from beginning to end

Answer your questions about the framework

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• ​ ​ Preface ​​

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• ​ ​ What is automated testing framework ​​
• ​ ​ Design principles of automated test framework ​​
• ​ ​ Frame design idea ​​
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Preface

   Before we design the automation framework, let's look at two problems , What is an automation framework , What principles should we pay attention to when designing , Then what to do ？ This article will focus on a web Terminal UI Take the design of automatic test framework as an example

What is automated testing framework

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What is a framework
   In particular, it refers to a constrained supporting structure designed to solve an open problem . In this structure, it can be extended according to specific problems 、 Insert more components , So as to build a complete solution to the problem more quickly and conveniently . A framework is a reusable design of a whole or part of a system , It represents a group of abstract components and methods of interaction between component instances . In other words, the framework itself does not solve specific problems , It solves problems by extending various components or tools , And it can easily add or modify the functions of some components .

What is automated testing framework
   What is automated testing framework , If we split it up , In fact, there are three aspects , automation 、 test 、 frame , What is a frame? It says , And he can perform tests , And it's automated , Therefore, the main function of each component of the framework revolves around how to automate and execute tests .

   Here, the functions of the framework can be called modules , Let's take a look at the modules we need , Need a basic module , Mainly how to realize script writing , Management module , The main behavior is continuous integration , Timing execution 、case management , Statistics module , Mainly sending test reports , Statistical analysis . To sum up, the definition of automated testing framework is ： Put some functions or tools used in the process of automated testing , Sub assemble into various modules , It includes the basic modules of how to write automatic scripts and hierarchical functions , Continuous integration 、 Timing task management module , Send test report 、 Statistical module for statistical analysis of test results, etc , These modules form a set of reusable skeleton

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Design principles of automated test framework

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• generality ： It can be used in a variety of systems and platforms
• Maintainability ： Can put our data 、 Use cases 、 The implementation of the framework is maintained independently , In the process of achieving perfection , Quickly define the maintenance point , Without affecting other functions of the framework
• Timing processing ： Be able to execute... At a specified time
• Continuous integration ： When the tested program and test code are updated, it can be executed automatically
• debugging ： Debuggable line strength
• test result ： Test report 、 Statistical analysis of test data
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Frame design idea

   The main body of the automated test framework can be divided into two parts , One is the internal framework , One is the external framework , The internal framework is our own test framework code , The external framework is to put aside the core code of our implementation , Some third-party tools used in the design of automatic test framework .

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• The external framework

• Mainly refers to webdriver At the core , Supplemented by external third placement frame and tools . For continuous integration 、 Automatic deployment 、 Script execution 、 The remote invocation 、 Report optimization 、 Functional frameworks such as mail sending Guide , Some peripheral components that implement the design principles of the automation framework .

• The internal framework

• That is, the layered framework , The purpose is to better optimize and manage test cases , More convenient data processing 、 Elements 、 Script maintenance and faster creation of new scripts

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​ Design idea of automatic test framework ​

• General external framework to realize logic

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• maven perhaps tox- Automatic compilation , perform TestNG or junit, Integrated mail sending, etc
• TestNG or Junit、pytest, call webdriver Or the method of sending the request , Execute automated test cases , Standardize automated test scripts
• selenium Script or interface use case script
• reportNG perhaps allure Report optimization template
• main Automatically html Email notification or Jenkins Send E-mail
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​ The internal framework ​

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• Layer frame - That is, code structure optimization , According to the specific business and needs, it can be roughly divided into the following layers , Sometimes you don't need all the levels below , Just choose the one suitable for your business test .
• TestCase layer : Executed use case script
• Task layer : Public business sub packaging , Is not needed for other projects , Only relevant to the current project , Such as public login 、 Search and other businesses
  -utils layer ： Business independent methods , For example, data-driven - That is, read and write data files 、 Browser operation 、 Element positioning method, etc
• page Layer or po layer ： Page layer , The page layer mainly maintains all elements of a page , The operation of the page 、 Operation of elements and interaction with other pages , Business is actually an element to another element or a page to another page , This is the sum of task The layers are a little repetitive. Generally, one is enough .
• element layer ： Maintenance of common elements or components , Or custom component encapsulation
• data layer ： data storage
• properties layer ： The configuration file 、 Global variables
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