Transition technology from IPv4 to IPv6

With IPv4 The address is running out ,IP The lack of address has become an urgent problem in the world , Although there was a longer header a few years ago IPv6, More IP Address , But its application and popularization are not easy . “IPv4 and IPv6 Whether it can be used at the same time ？”、“IPv4 and IPv6 How to achieve coexistence ？” These problems are concerned by users at present .

IPv6 stay 1992 Was proposed in , It has been more than 20 years ,IPv6 The development of technology is very mature , that IPv4 Can you switch all of them to IPv6 Well , The answer must be No . Mainly because IPv6 No IPv4 Improvement ,IPv6 It's a whole new deal , At the link layer are different network protocols , Can't communicate directly . And it's used almost all the time IPv4, So this transformation may last a long time , As shown below ipv4 and ipv6 The difference between ：

In short ,IPv6 Except for the abundant IP Number of addresses ,IPv6 comparison IPv4 There are many other advantages , With faster transmission speed , fast 、 faster 、 Very fast , This is the long-term pursuit of the Internet , and IPv6 It's a fixed header , Unlike IPv4 Carry a bunch of long data like that , The short header improves the efficiency of data forwarding . And because of IPv6 The routing table of is smaller , Better aggregation , Ensure that the data forwarding path is shorter , Greatly improved forwarding efficiency .

For the moment , Realization IPv4 and IPv6 There are three coexistence strategies and transition technologies . The first one is , Using dual stack enables your host or network device to support IPv4 and IPv6 Dual stack ; The second kind , Tunnel technology will IPv6 Packets are encapsulated in IPv4 In the packet ; The third kind of , Through network address translation （NAT） Technology will IPv6 data Package converted to IPv4 Data packets , vice versa .

Dual stack technology Dual stack technology is IPv4 towards IPv6 An effective technique for transition , Its nodes also support IPv4 and IPv6 Protocol stack , When IPv6 Node and IPv6 When nodes communicate with each other IPv6 agreement Stack , And IPv4 Nodes communicate with each other with the help of IPv4 over IPv6 Tunnel use IPv4 Protocol stack , Through this technology , Realize separate and IPv4 or IPv6 Information exchange between nodes . Dual stacks can be implemented on a single device , It can also be a dual stack backbone network , What is a dual stack backbone network ？ That is, all devices support IPv4/IPv6 Protocol stack , The decontrol of the dual stack network is also configured IPv4 Address and IPv6 Address . The structure examples of protocol stack and dual protocol stack are as follows ：

Dual stack technology is IPv6 The foundation of transition technology , Flexible enabling / close IPv4/IPv6 function , Yes IPv4 and IPv6 Provides full compatibility , But this approach requires a dual routing infrastructure , That is, all nodes support dual stack , Therefore, it increases the difficulty of transformation and deployment , The network is also more complex .

Tunnel technology mode

This model applies to IPv4 and IPv6 The boundary of the . First , With the help of IPv4 Network to build IPv4 Tunnel , Then implement IPv6 Point to point access , Usually used for IDC Exit boundary or interior IGP Cross domain access . The technical agreement includes 6in4 Tunnel 、DS+NAT、DS-Lite etc. . Tunnel mode is the most convenient of the three reconstruction methods , But for the intranet IGP There are certain requirements for the protocol and the traffic consumption of key links .

Conversion mode That is, without changing the existing network structure , Through the address translation protocol , Conduct IPv4 to IPv6 or IPv6 to IPv4 Access conversion , To satisfy IPv4 And IPv6 Two way access between . The technology deployment agreement includes NAT 46, Generally, it faces the exit of data center , Provide from outside to inside , Inside out mapping . This mode requires high equipment performance , It is difficult to support highly concurrent businesses , Suitable for business with small conversation .

5G The time is coming ,IPv6 The Internet will become a strong support for the development and application of new Internet services . future , Getui will also constantly Polish its own technology , Actively explore and carry out IPv4 to IPv6 The way , Realization IPv6 The full implementation of the network .

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