Some tips of vim text editor

vim What is it? ？

vim Is a similar to vi The famous and powerful 、 Highly customizable text editor , stay vi Many features have been improved and added ,vim The focus of is the movement of the cursor 、 Mode switch 、 Delete 、 Search and replace 、 Copy 、 Paste 、 Use of revocation order .

vim Three models of

Command mode ： You can enter the shortcut key for some operations （ Delete row 、 Copy line 、 paste row 、 Move the cursor, etc ）
The input mode ： You can edit the contents of the file
Last row mode ： You can type a command at the end to operate on the file （ Search for 、 Replace 、 preservation 、 sign out 、 revoke 、 Highlight, etc ）

The following figure shows the switching between the three modes and what can be done in various modes

vim How to open a file

vim file name ： Open the specified file
vim + Numbers file name ： Open the specified file , And move the cursor to the specified line
vim +/ key word file name ： Open the specified file , And highlight the keywords
vim file name 1 file name 2 file name 3： Open three files at the same time , How to switch files will be explained in detail below

perform vim +2 aaa command , The effect is as follows

perform vim +/aaa aaa command , The effect is as follows

Use vim Open multiple files , Switch files in last line mode
Enter... In last line mode files , And press enter.

%a Represents the currently open file ,# Represents the last open file

File switching
1、 Enter... In last line mode open file name Such as open bbb, And press enter.
2、 Switch up / Next file
Switch to the previous file , Enter... In last line mode bp , Switch to the next file , Enter... In last line mode bn

vim The way out

Enter... In the last line mode wq or q or wq! or q!
wq： Exit and save
q： Exit without saving
wq!： Force exit and save
q!： Force exit without saving

Command mode

This mode is the first one you see when you open a file （ Open the file to access ）

Cursor movement
1、 Move the cursor to the beginning of the line Key ：shift+6 （ Pay attention to the number of the main keyboard , It's not a number on the keypad ）
2、 Move the cursor to the end of the line Key ：shift+4
3、 The cursor moves to the first line Key ：gg
4、 The cursor moves to the last line Key ：G
5、 Flip screen Flip up the screen ：ctrl+b or PgUp
              Flip screen down ：ctrl+f or PgDn

Copy operation
1、 Copy the line where the cursor is Key ：yy, Paste ： Press... Where you want to paste p key
2、 Subject to the behavior of the cursor （ Contains the current line ）, Copies down the specified number of lines Key ： Numbers yy, Paste ：p
3、 Visual replication Key ：ctrl+v Then press the up, down, left and right arrow keys to select the block to be copied , Press down yy Key to copy , Finally press p Insert

shear / Delete
1、 shear / Deletes the line where the cursor is located Key ：dd （ Move the next line up after deleting ）
       Be careful ：dd Strictly speaking, it is a cutting command , But if you cut and don't paste, it will be deleted
2、 shear / Delete the cursor （ Contains the current line ）, Cut down / Delete the specified row Key ： Numbers dd（ Move the next line up after deleting ）
3、 shear / Delete the current line of the cursor , After deletion, the next line does not move up Key ：D

revoke / recovery
1、 revoke ： Input :u perhaps u（u namely undo）
2、 recovery ：ctrl+r （ Cancel the previous cancellation ）

Expand ： The rapid movement of the cursor
1、 Quickly move the cursor to the specified line Key ： Numbers G
2、 Based on the current cursor, up / Move down the n That's ok Key ： Numbers ↑, Numbers ↓
3、 Take the current cursor as the left / To the right n character Key ： Numbers ←, Numbers →
4、 Fast moving mode in last line mode ： Move to the specified line
       Enter English in command mode “:” Enter last line mode , Then enter the number , Press enter

The input mode

Input i or a Enter input mode
1、 Start inserting in front of the character where the cursor is Key ：i
2、 Insert after the character of the cursor Key ：a

Last row mode

1、 file save as Key ：w route
2、 Call external command Key ：! External command （ Such as !ls）
3、 Search or find Key ：/ key word
       Switch to... In search results / Next result Key ：N/n
4、 Replace
       Replace only the first match in the line where the cursor is located Key ：s/ Original content / Target content
       Replace all matching contents in the line where the cursor is located Key ：s/ Original content / Target content /g
       Replace the first match of all lines Key ：%s/ Original content / Target content /
       Replace all matching contents of all lines Key ：%s/ Original content / Target content /g
      % Represents the entire document ,g Global representation global
5、 According to the line Numbers Key ：set nu（nu namely number）
       Don't show line numbers Key ：set nonu

Expand ： How to ensure that the pasted text remains the original style

First enter set paste, Then input i Enter input mode , At this time, a “paste” Paste tips , Then paste the text , You can keep the original style , No mess