Analysis of new communication security risks brought by quantum computer and Countermeasures

Since quantum computing has become a major scientific research institution 、 A large enterprise 、 Startups are chasing , And gradually heating up the frontier , Between quantum computing and network security “ Spear ” And “ shield ” The dispute has been constantly concerned and studied . One side , We are concerned about when quantum computers will come , And become our key to solve some key problems “ Ace in the hole ”; On the other hand , We have to pay attention to ： How big is the new network security risk brought by quantum computing , How to be prepared ？

2020 year 4 month 9 Japan , Rand Corporation, an American think tank, released a report ：《 Ensuring communication security in the era of quantum computing ： Manage encryption risks 》. This report reminds , Future quantum computers may pose a threat to today's most secure communications . This research is the RAND Corporation “Security 2040” Part of the plan , The plan analyzes and evaluates future threats in a cross cutting way . This paper is based on this report , Introduce the latest development of quantum computing , Analyze its safety risks , Understand the policy recommendations and risk mitigation measures of the United States to deal with quantum computer attacks , In order to provide reference for our country to deal with the network security risks caused by quantum computing in advance .

One 、 Quantum computing is developing rapidly

Get into 2020 year , The latest development of quantum computer research and development has the following heavy news that has attracted great attention in the industry ：

2020 year 5 At the beginning of ,IBM The person in charge revealed ,IBM Currently owned 18 A quantum computer , Among them, this quarter has increased 3 platform , This is a fairly large fleet , This shows that the company is trying to benefit from a revolutionary Computing ; at present ,IBM The quantum computer with the best performance of the company is “Paris”, The number of qubits is 53, In the 200 To complete the most advanced traditional supercomputer in seconds 1 Specific computing tasks completed in 10000 years .IBM Also announced , Will be in 2020 A larger system will be launched later this year , Operation over 100 10000 qubits .IBM It is moving towards the goal of at least doubling the performance of its quantum computer every year , up to now , The company has achieved this goal for four consecutive years .</