华为云14天鸿蒙设备开发-Day2编译框架

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前言

前两篇搭建好了环境，干了代码。编译的时候，ninja?gn?嘛玩意？这篇简单介绍一下。同时自己也能加深理解。

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一、编译框架

ninja简介

在Unix/Linux下通常使用Makefile来控制代码的编译，但是Makefile对于比较大的项目有时候会比较慢，代码在编译都变成了程序员放松的借口了。所以这个Google的程序员在开发Chrome的时候因为忍受不了Makefile的速度，自己重新开发出来一套新的控制编译的工具叫作Ninja，Ninja相对于Makefile这套工具更注重于编译速度。除了Chrome现在还有一些其他的比较大的项目也在开始使用Ninja。

编译相关文件

1. 业务源码.c文件:在其中实现功能代码,通过启动恢复模块接口**APP_FEARTURE_INIT**启动业务，Hello_World作为函数名，用作业务入口。

#include <stdio.h>
#include "ohos_init.h"
void Hello_World(void)
{
    
  printf("Hello World!\r\n");
}
APP_FEATURE_INIT(Hello_World);

APP_FEATURE_INIT()在osoh_init.h文件中定义。
2. 源文件同目录下的业务编译文件BUILD.gn：用于将业务构建成静态库

• static_library中指定业务模块的编译结果，为静态库文件libmyapp.a，开发者根据实际情况完成填写。
• sources中指定静态库.a所依赖的.c文件及其路径，若路径中包含"//“则表示绝对路径（此处为代码根路径），若不包含”//" 则表示相对路径。
• include_dirs中指定source所需要依赖的.h文件路径。

static_library("myapp") {
    
    sources = [
        "hello_world.c"
    ]

    include_dirs = [
        "//utils/native/lite/include",
    ]
}

4. applications\BearPi\BearPi-HM_Nano\sample\BUILD.gn模块构建BUILD.gn文件：指定参与构建的特性模块

• my_app是相对路径，指向./applications/BearPi/BearPi-HM/sample/my_app/BUILD.gn,与自定义文件夹名称保持一致
• myapp是目标，指向./applications/BearPi/BearPi-HM/sample/my_app/BUILD.gn中的static_library(“myapp”)。是静态库名称

import("//build/lite/config/component/lite_component.gni")

lite_component("app") {
    
    features = [
        #"A1_kernal_thread:thread_example",
        #"A2_kernel_timer:timer_example",
        #"A3_kernel_event:event_example",
        #"A4_kernel_mutex:mutex_example",
        #"A5_kernel_semaphore:semaphore_example",
        #"A6_kernel_message:message_example",

        #"B1_basic_led_blink:led_example",
        "B2_basic_button:button_example",
        #"B3_basic_pwm_led:pwm_example",
        #"B4_basic_adc:adc_example",
        #"B5_basic_i2c_nfc:i2c_example",
        #"B6_basic_uart:uart_example",
        
        #"C1_e53_sf1_mq2:e53_sf1_example",
        #"C2_e53_ia1_temp_humi_pls:e53_ia1_example",
        #"C3_e53_sc1_pls:e53_sc1_example",
        #"C4_e53_sc2_axis:e53_sc2_example",
        #"C5_e53_is1_infrared:e53_is1_example",

        #"D1_iot_wifi_ap:wifi_ap",
        #"D2_iot_wifi_sta_connect:wifi_sta_connect",        
        #"D3_iot_udp_client:udp_client",
        #"D4_iot_tcp_server:tcp_server",
        #"D5_iot_mqtt:iot_mqtt",        
        #"D6_iot_cloud_oc:oc_mqtt",
        #"D7_iot_cloud_onenet:onenet_mqtt",
        #"D8_iot_cloud_oc_smoke:cloud_oc_smoke",
        #"D9_iot_cloud_oc_light:cloud_oc_light",
        #"D10_iot_cloud_oc_manhole_cover:cloud_oc_manhole_cover",
        #"D11_iot_cloud_oc_infrared:cloud_oc_infrared",
        #"D12_iot_cloud_oc_agriculture:cloud_oc_agriculture",
        #"D13_iot_cloud_oc_gps:cloud_oc_gps",

        #"Zx_Developer:zx_develop_sample"  ##不参与构建，为开发者贡献演示结构，其中Zx为 Z1，Z2...Z100
        #"Z1_hi3861_uart_ylc:uart_hi3861",
        #"Z2_hi3861_flash_ylc:flash_example",
        #"my_app:myapp",
    ]
}

6. build\lite\product\BearPi-HM_Nano.jsonProduct文件夹下的JSON文件
   在子系统中说明应用子系统的路径，并链接上述特性模块构建文件

{
  "ohos_version": "OpenHarmony 1.0",
  "board": "hi3861v100",
  "kernel": "liteos_riscv",
  "compiler": "gcc",
  "subsystem": [
    {
      "name": "applications",
      "component": [
        { "name": "BearPi-HM_Nano", "dir": "//applications/BearPi/BearPi-HM_Nano/sample:app", "features":[] }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "iot_hardware",
      "component": [
        { "name": "wifi-iot", "dir": "//base/iot_hardware/frameworks/wifiiot_lite:iothardware", "features":[] }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "hiviewdfx",
      "component": [
        { "name": "common_lite", "dir": "//base/hiviewdfx/utils/lite:common_lite", "features":[] },
        { "name": "hiview_lite", "dir": "//base/hiviewdfx/services/hiview_lite:hiview_lite", "features":[] },
        { "name": "hilog_lite", "dir": "//base/hiviewdfx/frameworks/hilog_lite/mini:hilog_lite", "features":[] }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "distributedschedule",
      "component": [
        { "name": "samgr_lite", "dir": "//foundation/distributedschedule/services/samgr_lite:samgr", "features":[] }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "security",
      "component": [
        { "name": "hichainsdk_lite", "dir": "//base/security/frameworks/hichainsdk_lite:hichainsdk", "features":[] }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "startup",
      "component": [
        { "name": "bootstrap_lite", "dir": "//base/startup/services/bootstrap_lite/source:bootstrap", "features":[] },
        { "name": "parameter", "dir": "//base/startup/frameworks/syspara_lite/parameter:parameter", "features":[] },
        { "name": "token", "dir": "//base/startup/frameworks/syspara_lite/token:token", "features":[] }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "communication",
      "component": [
        { "name": "wifi_lite", "dir": "//foundation/communication/frameworks/wifi_lite:wifi", "features":[] },
        { "name": "softbus_lite", "dir": "//foundation/communication/services/softbus_lite:softbus", "features":[] }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "utils",
      "component": [
        { "name": "kv_store", "dir": "//utils/native/lite/kv_store:kv_store", "features":[] },
        { "name": "file", "dir": "//utils/native/lite/file:file", "features":[] }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "vendor",
      "component": [
        { "name": "hi3861_sdk", "dir": "//vendor/hisi/hi3861/hi3861:wifiiot_sdk", "features":[] }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "test",
      "component": [
        { "name": "xts_act", "dir": "//test/xts/acts", "features":[] },
        { "name": "xts_tools", "dir": "//test/xts/tools", "features":[] }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "vendor_adapter_dir": "//vendor/hisi/hi3861/hi3861_adapter",
  "third_party_dir": "//vendor/hisi/hi3861/hi3861/third_party",
  "ohos_product_type":"",
  "ohos_manufacture":"",
  "ohos_brand":"",
  "ohos_market_name":"",
  "ohos_product_series":"",
  "ohos_product_model":"",
  "ohos_software_model":"",
  "ohos_hardware_model":"",
  "ohos_hardware_profile":"",
  "ohos_serial":"",
  "ohos_bootloader_version":"",
  "ohos_secure_patch_level":"",
  "ohos_abi_list":""
}

二、运行入口

vendor\hisi\hi3861\hi3861\app\wifiiot_app\src\app_main.c

base\startup\services\bootstrap_lite\source\system_init.c中
初始化了各个模块，板级支持包等

#include "core_main.h"
#include <ohos_init.h>
#include <samgr_lite.h>

void HOS_SystemInit(void)
{
    
    MODULE_INIT(bsp);
    MODULE_INIT(device);
    MODULE_INIT(core);
    SYS_INIT(service);
    SYS_INIT(feature);
    MODULE_INIT(run);
    SAMGR_Bootstrap();
}

在这个里边一步一步的去看下去就能理解了，文章就不贴了。