Software testing - what are the automated testing frameworks?

Catalog

Preface

One 、Robot Framework

Two 、Pytest

3、 ... and 、UnitTest/PyUnit

Four 、Behave

5、 ... and 、Lettuce

Conclusion

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Preface

Commonly used in automated testing Python What are the frameworks ？ Common frameworks are Robot Framework、Pytest、UnitTest/PyUnit、Behave、Lettuce.Pytest、Robot Framework and UnitTest Mainly used for function and unit testing ,Lettuce and Behave Only for behavior driven testing .

One 、Robot Framework

Python One of the testing frameworks ,Robot Framework Used in test drive (test-driven) Type development and acceptance . Although it was Python Developed from , But it can also be based on .Net Of IronPython And based on Java Of Jython Up operation . As a Python frame ,Robot It's compatible with things like Windows、MacOS、 as well as Linux Such as platform .

In the use of Robot Framework(RF) Before , You need to install Python 2.7.14 And above . Recommended Python 3.6.4, To ensure that appropriate comments can be added to the code snippet , And be able to track program changes . It also needs to be installed Python Package manager --pip.

Two 、Pytest

Suitable for a variety of software testing Pytest, Is another Python Type of automated testing framework . With its open source and easy to learn characteristics , The tool is often QA( Quality analysis ) The team 、 The development team 、 Individual team 、 And all kinds of open source projects . Whereas Pytest have “ Assertion rewrite (assert rewriting)” And so on , Many large Internet applications , Such as Dropbox and Mozilla, All of them have been mentioned from the following unittest(Pyunit) Switch to the Pytest above .

Except for the basic Python knowledge , Users don't need more technical reserves . in addition , Users only need a test device with command line interface , And it's installed Python Package manager 、 And for development IDE Tools .

3、 ... and 、UnitTest/PyUnit

UnitTest/PyUnit A standardized for unit testing Python Class automation testing framework . Base class TestCase Provides various assertion methods 、 And all the cleaning and setting routines . therefore ,TestCase Each method in a subclass is represented by “test” As a noun prefix , To identify that they can be run as test cases . Users can use load Methods and TestSuite Class 、 And load various tests .

Can be used in combination , To build a custom test runner . As we use Junit To test Selenium like that ,UnitTest It also uses UnitTest-sml-reporting、 And can generate all kinds of XML Types of reports . because UnitTest Default used Python, So we don't need any preconditions . In addition to having Python Basic knowledge of framework , You can also install additional pip、 And for development IDE Tools .

Four 、Behave

Behavior driven development is a method based on agile software development . It encourages developers to 、 Business participants and QA personnel , Cooperation among the three .Python The test framework Behave Allow the team to avoid complex situations , To carry out BDD test . In essence, the framework is similar to SpecFlow and Cucumber be similar , Often used to perform automated tests . Users can write test cases in easy to read language , And can be pasted into the code during its execution . and , The established codes of conduct and procedures , It can also be reused in other test scenarios .

Anything with Python People with basic knowledge can use Behave. Other prerequisites include ： Install first Python 2.7.14 And above . adopt Python Package manager or pip Come and Behave Collaboration . Most developers will choose Pycharm As development environment , Of course, you can also choose other IDE Tools .

5、 ... and 、Lettuce

Lettuce It's another one based on Cucumber and Python Behavior driven class automation tools .Lettuce Focus on common tasks with behavior driven development features . It's not only easy to use , And it can make the whole testing process smoother 、 Even more interesting . Install with IDE Of Python 2.7.14、 And above . Of course , You can also use the Pycharm Or any other IDE Tools . meanwhile , You also need to install Python Package manager .

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