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5 locksupport and thread interruption
2022-06-13 11:58:00 【It rains when the wind blows】
5 LockSupport With thread interrupts
Catalog
Thread interrupt mechanism
Ali ant financial interview questions

| void | interrupt() | Interrupt this thread |
|---|---|---|
| static boolean | interrupted() | Tests whether the current thread has been interrupted |
| boolean | isInterrupted() | Test whether this thread has been interrupted |
Have you understood the three methods ? Where to use it ?
How to stop a running thread ?
How to interrupt a running thread ??
What is interrupt mechanism ?
- First
A thread should not be forced to interrupt or stop by other threads , It should be stopped by the thread itself .
therefore ,Thread.stop, Thread.suspend, Thread.resume It's been abandoned .
- secondly
stay Java There is no way to stop a thread immediately , However, stopping threads is particularly important , For example, cancel a time-consuming operation .
therefore ,Java Provides a method for stopping threads Consultation mechanism —— interrupt .
Interruption is just a collaborative negotiation mechanism ,Java No syntax added to interrupt , The interruption process needs to be implemented by the programmer himself .
To interrupt a thread , You need to manually call the thread's interrupt Method , This method only sets the interrupt ID of the thread object to true;
Then you need to write your own code to constantly detect the identification bit of the current thread , If true, Indicates that another thread requests this thread to interrupt ,
What to do at this time requires you to write your own code to realize .
There is an identity in each thread object , Used to indicate whether a thread is interrupted ; The identification bit is true To interrupt , by false Means not interrupted ;
By calling the interrupt Method to set the identification bit of the thread to true; Can be invoked in other threads , You can also call it in your own thread .
- eg. Customers smoke in smoke-free restaurants , The waiter wanted him to stop smoking , Not to force him to stop smoking , Instead, he marked his sign as true, Specifically, customers should stop smoking by themselves .( It embodies the negotiation mechanism )
Interrupt correlation API Description of the three methods

| public void interrupt() | Example method , Example method interrupt() Just set the interrupt status of the thread to true, Initiate a negotiation without immediately stopping the thread |
|---|---|
| public static boolean interrupted() | Static methods ,Thread.interrupted(); Determine whether the thread is interrupted , And clear the current interrupt state Two things :1 Returns the interrupt status of the current thread 2 Set the interrupt status of the current thread to false( This method is a little difficult to understand , Because the results of two consecutive calls may be different .) |
| public boolean isInterrupted() | Example method , Determine whether the current thread is interrupted ( Check the interrupt flag bit ) |
Interview questions of Dachang : How to use interrupt ID to stop thread ?
1 How to stop interrupting a running thread ?
① Through one volatile Variable implementation
- volatile Guaranteed visibility ,t2 After modifying the flag bit, it can be t1 notice
public class interruptDemo {
static volatile boolean isStop = false;
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Thread(()->{
while(true){
if(isStop){
// If this flag bit is changed by another thread to true 了
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t isStop Changed to true, Termination of procedure ");
break;
}
System.out.println("t1 ------hello volatile");//---------------------- If it doesn't stop , Then keep printing
}
},"t1").start();
try {
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(20);} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();}
new Thread(()->{
isStop = true;
},"t2").start();
}
}
//--
//t1 ------hello volatile
//t1 ------hello volatile
//t1 ------hello volatile
//t1 ------hello volatile
//t1 ------hello volatile
//t1 ------hello volatile
//t1 ------hello volatile
//t1 isStop Changed to true, Termination of procedure
② adopt AtomicBoolean( Atomic Boolean )
public class interruptDemo {
static AtomicBoolean atomicBoolean = new AtomicBoolean(false);
public static void main(String[] args) {
m1_volatile();
}
public static void m1_volatile() {
new Thread(()->{
while(true){
if(atomicBoolean.get()){
// If this flag bit is changed by another thread to true 了
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t isStop Changed to true, Termination of procedure ");
break;
}
System.out.println("t1 ------hello volatile");//---------------------- If it doesn't stop , Then keep printing
}
},"t1").start();
try {
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(20);} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();}
new Thread(()->{
atomicBoolean.set(true);
},"t2").start();
}
}
//t1 ------hello volatile
//t1 ------hello volatile
//t1 ------hello volatile
//t1 ------hello volatile
//t1 ------hello volatile
//t1 ------hello volatile
//t1 isStop Changed to true, Termination of procedure
③ adopt Thread Class has its own interrupt api Method realization
// The default interrupt flag bit is false, Then it was changed to true
public static void main(String[] args) {
m1_volatile();
}
public static void m1_volatile() {
Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
while (true) {
if (Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
// Once the interrupt flag bit is found to be modified
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t isInterrupted() Changed to true, Termination of procedure ");
break;
}
System.out.println("t1 ------hello interrupt ");//---------------------- If it doesn't stop , Then keep printing
}
}, "t1");
t1.start();
try {
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(20);} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();}
new Thread(()->{
t1.interrupt();// hold t1 interrupt
},"t2").start();
}
}
//t1 ------hello interrupt
//t1 ------hello interrupt
//t1 ------hello interrupt
//t1 ------hello interrupt
//t1 ------hello interrupt
//t1 ------hello interrupt
//t1 ------hello interrupt
//t1 ------hello interrupt
//t1 ------hello interrupt
//t1 isInterrupted() Changed to true, Termination of procedure
—API Source code analysis
Example method interrupt(), no return value
//Thread.java
public void interrupt() {
if (this != Thread.currentThread())
checkAccess();
synchronized (blockerLock) {
Interruptible b = blocker;
if (b != null) {
interrupt0(); // Just to set the interrupt flag---- Called interrupt0() Method
b.interrupt(this);
return;
}
}
interrupt0();
}
//Thread.java
/* Some private helper methods */
private native void setPriority0(int newPriority);
private native void stop0(Object o);
private native void suspend0();
private native void resume0();
private native void interrupt0(); //--------------------------- Called c Bottom
private native void setNativeName(String name);
Example method isInterrupted, Returns a Boolean value
//Thread.java
public boolean isInterrupted() {
return isInterrupted(false);
}
//Thread.java
private native boolean isInterrupted(boolean ClearInterrupted);// Also called c Bottom
explain
say concretely , When it comes to a thread , call interrupt() when :
If the thread is in Normal active state , The thread's interrupt flag will be set to true, That's it . The thread with interrupt flag will continue to run normally , Unaffected . therefore , interrupt() It doesn't really interrupt threads , You need to cooperate with the called thread .
② If the thread is blocked ( For example, in the sleep, wait, join Equal state ), To call the current thread object in another thread
interruptMethod , So the thread will Immediately exit the blocked state ( The interrupt state will be cleared ), And throw a InterruptedException abnormal .( Interrupt inactivity The thread of Can't Any impact , Take a look at the following case )
2 The interrupt ID of the current thread is true, Does the thread stop immediately ?
no
- Only one interrupt state is set
See if the interrupt will stop this immediately 300 The thread of
- no , Although the interrupt flag bit has changed . however i It's been circulating
public class InterruptDemo02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread t1 = new Thread(()->{
for(int i = 0;i < 300;i ++){
System.out.println("---------" + i);
}
System.out.println("after t1.interrupt()--- The first 2 Time ----"+Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
},"t1");
t1.start();
System.out.println("before t1.interrupt()----"+t1.isInterrupted());
t1.interrupt();
try {
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(3);} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();}
System.out.println("after t1.interrupt()--- The first 1 Time ---"+t1.isInterrupted());
try {
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(3000);} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();}
System.out.println("after t1.interrupt()--- The first 3 Time ---"+t1.isInterrupted());
}
}
//before t1.interrupt()----false
//---------0
//---------1
//---------2
//---------3
//....
//---------136
//after t1.interrupt()--- The first 1 Time ---true ------ The interrupt flag bit here is set to true, however t1 Still running
//---------137
//---------298
//---------299
//after t1.interrupt()--- The first 2 Time ----true
//after t1.interrupt()--- The first 3 Time ---false// Interrupting an inactive thread does not have any effect , After the thread ends, it should automatically change to false
Follow up cases - thorough
On the skeleton of our basic interrupt program + One sleep Blocking
Interrupt exception And Will cause the program to loop indefinitely .
public class InterruptDemo03 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread t1 = new Thread(()->{
while(true){
if(Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+
" Interrupt flag bit :"+Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()+" Termination of procedure ");
break;
}
try {
Thread.sleep(200);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
// Thread.currentThread().interrupt(); If you add this , The program can be terminated , It will only explode abnormally
}
System.out.println("-----hello InterruptDemo03");
}
},"t1");
t1.start();
try {
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(1);} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();}
new Thread(() -> t1.interrupt()).start();
}
}
// The explosion is abnormal , And the program has been running
//java.lang.InterruptedException: sleep interrupted
// at java.lang.Thread.sleep(Native Method)
//-----hello InterruptDemo03
//-----hello InterruptDemo03
//-----hello InterruptDemo03
//......
//----------------------------
//--------- added Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
//java.lang.InterruptedException: sleep interrupted
// at java.lang.Thread.sleep(Native Method)
// at com.zhang.admin.controller.InterruptDemo03.lambda$main$0(InterruptDemo03.java:15)
// at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
//-----hello InterruptDemo03
//t1 Interrupt flag bit :true Termination of procedure
above
- ② If the thread is blocked ( For example, in the sleep, wait, join Equal state ), To call the current thread object in another thread
interruptMethod , So the thread will Immediately exit the blocked state ( The interrupt state will be cleared ), And throw a InterruptedException abnormal .
- ② If the thread is blocked ( For example, in the sleep, wait, join Equal state ), To call the current thread object in another thread
/** * 1 Interrupt flag bit The default is false * 2 t2 ----->t1 An interrupt negotiation was issued ,t2 call t1.interrupt(), Interrupt flag bit true * 3 Interrupt flag bit true, Under normal circumstances , The program to stop ,^-^ * 4 Interrupt flag bit true, Under abnormal conditions ,InterruptedException, Will clear the interrupt state , And will receive InterruptedException. Interrupt flag bit false Cause infinite loop . * * 5 stay catch In block , The interrupt flag bit needs to be set to again true,2 Call stop */
sleep Method throw InterruptedException after , The interrupt flag is also cleared to false, We are catch Don't pass th.interrupt() Method again sets the interrupt flag to true, This leads to infinite loops
A small summary
- Interruption is just a collaborative mechanism , Modifying the interrupt flag bit is nothing more , Not immediately stop interrupt
3 Static methods Thread.interrupted(), Talk about your understanding
api The second one in
- public static boolean interrupted()
- Static methods ,
Thread.interrupted();Determine whether the thread is interrupted , And clear the current interrupt state Two things :1 Returns the interrupt status of the current thread 2 Set the interrupt status of the current thread to false( This method is a little difficult to understand , Because the results of two consecutive calls may be different .) |
public class InterruptDemo04 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+Thread.interrupted());
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+Thread.interrupted());
System.out.println("-----1");
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();// The interrupt flag bit is set to true
System.out.println("-----2");
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+Thread.interrupted());
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+Thread.interrupted());
}
}
//main false
//main false
//-----1
//-----2
//main true
//main false
Look at the source ,
interrupted()contrastisInterrupted()public static boolean interrupted() { return currentThread().isInterrupted(true); } private native boolean isInterrupted(boolean ClearInterrupted);public boolean isInterrupted() { return isInterrupted(false); } private native boolean isInterrupted(boolean ClearInterrupted);They all call at the bottom native Method isInterrupted.
Just pass in the parameters ClearInterrupted A pass on parameter passed on
true, One by onefalse.Static methods
interrupted()intrueIndicates that the current interrupt state is cleared .Example method
isInterruptedWill not be .
LockSupport What is it?
Official explanation : Basic thread blocking primitives for creating locks and other synchronization classes .
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The core Namely
park()andunpark()Methodpark()The method is Blocking threadsunpark()The method is Unblock threads
Thread waiting wake-up mechanism
3 Ways to let threads wait and wake up
Use Object Medium
wait()Method to make the thread wait , Use Object Mediumnotify()Method wake up threadUse JUC In bag
ConditionOfawait()Method to make the thread wait , Usesignal()Method wake up threadLockSupportClass can block the current thread and wake up the specified blocked thread
①Object Class wait and notify Method to realize thread waiting and wake-up
normal
public class LockSupportDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { Object objectLock = new Object(); new Thread(() -> { synchronized (objectLock) { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t ---- come in"); try { objectLock.wait();//---------------------- Let him wait here first } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+"--- Wake up "); },"t1").start(); // Pause the thread for a few seconds try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3L); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } new Thread(() -> { synchronized (objectLock) { objectLock.notify();//------------------------- Wake it up again System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t --- A notice "); } },"t2").start(); } } //t1 ---- come in //t2 --- A notice //t1 --- Wake upabnormal 1— Get rid of synchronized
- Explain to use
waitandnotifyMust be addedsynchronized
public class LockSupportDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { Object objectLock = new Object(); new Thread(() -> { // synchronized (objectLock) { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t ---- come in"); try { objectLock.wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } // } System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+"--- Wake up "); },"t1").start(); // Pause the thread for a few seconds try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3L); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } new Thread(() -> { // synchronized (objectLock) { objectLock.notify(); System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t --- A notice "); // } },"t2").start(); } } //t1 ---- come in //Exception in thread "t1" java.lang.IllegalMonitorStateException // at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method) // at java.lang.Object.wait(Object.java:502) // at com.zhang.admin.controller.LockSupportDemo.lambda$main$0(LockSupportDemo.java:15) // at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)- Explain to use
abnormal 2— hold notify and wait The execution sequence of is reversed
- The order of instructions cannot be reversed
public class LockSupportDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { Object objectLock = new Object(); new Thread(() -> { try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } synchronized (objectLock) { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t ---- come in"); try { objectLock.wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+"--- Wake up "); },"t1").start(); new Thread(() -> { synchronized (objectLock) { objectLock.notify();// This is done first System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t --- A notice "); } },"t2").start(); } } // Has been in a cycle
A small summary
wait and notify The method must be in Sync In a block or method , And Pair Appear to use
First wait after notify only OK, The order
②Condition Interface await after signal Method to realize thread waiting and wake-up
normal
public class LockSupportDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { Lock lock = new ReentrantLock(); Condition condition = lock.newCondition(); new Thread(() -> { lock.lock(); try { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t-----come in"); condition.await(); System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t ----- Awakened "); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { lock.unlock(); } },"t1").start(); // Pause the thread for a few seconds try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } new Thread(() -> { lock.lock(); try { condition.signal(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { lock.unlock(); } System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+" I want to wake up "); },"t2").start(); } } //t1 -----come in //t2 I want to wake up //t1 ----- Awakenedabnormal 1 The principle of same
- Still back
IllegalMonitorStateException
- Still back
abnormal 2 The principle of same
- It's still going round and round
A small summary
awaitandnotifySimilar to the abovewaitandnotifyCondition Thread waiting and wakeup methods in , You need to acquire the lock first
Be sure to await after signal, It can't be reversed
Object and Condition Restrictions on use
summary
The thread must first acquire and hold the lock , Must be in the lock block (synchronized or lock) in
You have to wait before you wake up , Thread can be awakened
③LockSupport Class park Waiting and unpark Wake up the
What is it?
adopt park() and unpark(thread) Method to block and wake up threads
Website to explain
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LockSupport Is the basic thread blocking primitive used to create locks and other synchronization classes .
LockSupport Class uses a method called Permit( The license ) To block and wake up threads , Each thread has a license (permit),
permit( The license ) There are only two values 1 and 0, The default is 0.0 It's blocking ,1 It's wake up
You can think of licensing as a kind of (0,1) Semaphore (Semaphore), But with Semaphore The difference is , The cumulative upper limit of the license is 1.
The license (Permit)
The main method
API

Blocking
park()/park(Object blocker)call
LockSupport.park()when , Found that it calledunsafe class, And by default, it passes a 0public static void park() { UNSAFE.park(false, 0L); }

- permit The default is zero , So at the beginning of the call park() Method , The current thread will block , Until another thread will permit Set to 1 when ,park Method will be awakened ,
Then it will permit Set to zero again and return .
Wake up the
call
LockSupport.unpark();when , Also calledunsafe classpublic static void unpark(Thread thread) { if (thread != null) UNSAFE.unpark(thread); }

- call unpark(thread) After the method , Will be thread Permission for threads permit Set to 1( Note multiple calls unpark Method , Not cumulative ,permit Value or 1) Will wake up automatically thread Threads , That is, in the previous blocking LockSupport.park() Method will immediately return .
Code
normal + No lock block requirements
public class LockSupportDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { Thread t1 = new Thread(()->{ System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t----------come in"); LockSupport.park(); System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t---------- Wake up "); },"t1"); t1.start(); new Thread(()->{ LockSupport.unpark(t1); System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t----- A notice , To wake up t1"); },"t2").start(); } } //t1 ----------come in //t2 ----- A notice , To wake up t1 //t1 ---------- Wake upThe previous error wakes up first and then waits ,LockSupport Still support
public class LockSupportDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { Thread t1 = new Thread(()->{ try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);} catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace();} System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t----------come in"+"\t"+System.currentTimeMillis()); LockSupport.park(); System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t---------- Wake up "+"\t"+System.currentTimeMillis()); },"t1"); t1.start(); new Thread(()->{ LockSupport.unpark(t1); System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t----- A notice , To wake up t1"); },"t2").start(); } } //t2 ----- A notice , To wake up t1 //t1 ----------come in 1654750785663 //t1 ---------- Wake up 1654750785663sleep Method 3 Wake up in seconds , perform park Invalid , No blocking effect , Explain the following . First executed. unpark(t1) Cause the above park The method is null and void , Time is the same
- Similar to the highway ETC, Bought the pass in advance unpark, Lift the handrail directly at the gate and let it go , No, park Intercepted .In pairs, remember
Last
There is only one license
public class LockSupportDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { Thread t1 = new Thread(()->{ try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);} catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace();} System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t----------come in"+"\t"+System.currentTimeMillis()); LockSupport.park(); LockSupport.park(); System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t---------- Wake up "+"\t"+System.currentTimeMillis()); },"t1"); t1.start(); new Thread(()->{ LockSupport.unpark(t1); LockSupport.unpark(t1); System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t----- A notice , To wake up t1"); },"t2").start(); } } //t2 ----- A notice , To wake up t1 //t1 ----------come in 1654750970677-------------------- It's stuck hereA small summary
Lock Support Is the basic thread blocking primitive used to create locks and other synchronization classes .
Lock Support Is a thread blocking tool class , All methods are static , The thread can be blocked at any location , There is a corresponding wake-up method after blocking . Root knot
At the end of , Lock Support Called Unsafe Medium native Code .Lock Support Provide
park()andunpark()Method realization Blocking threads and Unblock threads The process of
Lock Support And every thread that uses it has a license (permit) relation .
Each thread has an associated permit, permit At most one , Repeated calls to un park And they don't accumulate credentials .The understanding of image
Thread blocking requires consuming credentials (permit) , This certificate is at most 1 individual .
When calling When the method is used
* If there is a certificate , It will consume the voucher directly and exit normally ;
* If there is no certificate , You have to block and wait for credentials to be available ;
and **** On the contrary , It will add a voucher , But the certificate can only have at most 1 individual , Accumulation is invalid .
Interview questions
Why can we break through wait/notify The original calling sequence of ?
because un park Got a certificate , Call later park Method , You can have the right voucher consumption , So it won't block .
After the vouchers are issued first, they can be unblocked later .Why wake up twice and block twice , But the end result will also block the thread ?
Because the maximum number of vouchers is 1, Two consecutive calls un park And call once un park The effect is the same , Only one voucher will be added ;
And call twice park But you need to consume two vouchers , Not enough proof , No release .
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