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#  Download installation package 
cd /opt
wget https://repo.huaweicloud.com/postgresql/source/v14.2/postgresql-14.2.tar.gz
#  decompression postgresql package 
tar -xf postgresql-14.2.tar.gz
#  Install dependency packages 
yum install -y perl-ExtUtils-Embed readline-devel zlib-devel pam-devel libxml2-devel libxslt-devel openldap-devel python-devel gcc-c++ openssl-devel cmake

#  Create directory  
mkdir -pv /data/appData/postgreSql    #  Data directory  
mkdir -pv /data/logs/postgreSql       #  Log directory  
mkdir -pv /data/appData/postgreSql/pg_archive/xlog_files   #  Archive Directory , Premise ：archive_mode = on # Allow archiving 


#  Create user group commonuser And create users commonuser 
useradd commonuser

#  Modify the permissions 
chown -R commonuser.commonuser /data/app/postgreSql
chown -R commonuser.commonuser /data/appData/postgreSql
chown -R commonuser.commonuser /data/logs/postgreSql

#  Compilation and installation 
cd postgresql-14.2
./configure --prefix=/data/app/postgreSql
make && make install

#  Switch users to commonuser Initialization data 
su - commonuser
cd /data/app/postgreSql
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/data/app/postgreSql/libhub"
/data/app/postgreSql/bin/initdb -D /data/appData/postgreSql --encoding=UTF8 --lc-collate=en_US.UTF-8 --lc-ctype=en_US.UTF-8
cp -avf /data/app/postgreSql/postgresql.conf /data/appData/postgreSql/
echo "host    all             all             0.0.0.0/0               trust" >> /data/appData/postgreSql/pg_hba.conf



#  Start the service 
/data/app/postgreSql/bin/pg_ctl start -D /data/appData/postgreSql/
#  Sign in pg
/data/app/postgreSql/bin/psql -h 127.0.0.1 -p 5432 -U postgres

#  Create user 
/data/app/postgreSql/bin/createuser -U commonuser -h127.0.0.1 -p5432 -s postgres
/data/app/postgreSql/bin/psql -d postgres -U commonuser -h127.0.0.1 -p5432 -c "create user synthetic_user with superuser password '123456';"

2.2 Create master-slave synchronization user

# If installed postgresql It is recommended to backup first , The backup operation reference is as follows ：

#  Create a backup SQL File storage directory 
mkdir -p /data/appData/backup /data/app/backup /data/tmp
##  Export system library 
cd /data/appData/postgreSql/
/data/app/postgreSql/bin/pg_dumpall -U postgres -h 127.0.0.1 -p 5432 -f /data/appData/postgreSql/all_DB.sql
#  Out of Service 
bash /data/app/postgreSql/scripts/postgreSql stop
#  Backup file 
cd /data/app
cp -arp /data/app/postgreSql  /data/app/backup/
cp -arp /data/appData/postgreSql  /data/appData/backup/
#  Create master-slave synchronization user 
create role repl login replication encrypted password '123456';

2.3 pg_hba.conf To configure

#  Add slave network segment 
echo "host    replication     repl             Slave Library ip/24        md5" >> /data/appData/postgreSql/pg_hba.conf

2.4 postgresql.conf To configure

vim /data/appData/postgreSql/postgresql.conf
listen_addresses = '*'      #  To monitor all ip
wal_level = hot_standby     #  Hot standby mode 
archive_mode = on           # Allow archiving 
archive_command = 'cp %p /data/appData/postgreSql/pg_archive/xlog_files/%f' #  This directory needs to be created 
max_wal_senders = 32        # Maximum number of processes synchronized 
wal_sender_timeout = 60s    # The timeout time for the stream replication host to send data 
max_connections = 200       # maximum connection , From library max_connections It must be larger than the main warehouse

2.5 Restart the main library

/data/app/postgreSql/bin/pg_ctl restart -D /data/appData/postgreSql/

3. Operation from database

3.1 Installation services

#  decompression postgresql package 
tar -xf postgreSql.tar.gz -C /data/app/

#  Create directory 
mkdir -pv /data/appData/postgreSql
mkdir -pv /data/logs/postgreSql

Note that the slave library does not need the initialization steps in the master library installation process , Use pg_basebackup Command to synchronize data from the main library

#  Synchronize data from the master database 
/data/app/postgreSql/bin/pg_basebackup -h  Main library ip -p 5432 -U repl -F p -P -D /data/appData/postgreSql

#  Input repl User password ：123456

Parameter description ：

-h Specify the hostname of the connected database or IP Address

-U Specify the user name of the connection

-F Specifies the output format , Support p（ Original output ） perhaps t（tar Format output ）.

-P Indicates that it is allowed to print the backup progress in real time during the backup process .

-D Specify which directory to write the backup to , Must be an empty directory

3.2 postgresql.conf To configure

from PostgreSQL 12 The beginning has been removed recovery.conf file , Related configurations are merged into postgresql.conf in , Because of configuration postgresql.conf It is synchronized from the main database , Here you need to modify some configurations , Change the configuration of the slave Library .

vim /data/appData/postgreSql/postgresql.conf
##  Remove or comment  wal_level, This configuration is not required from the Library 
# wal_level = hot_standby
##  Modify or add the following 
max_standby_streaming_delay=30s # Optional , Maximum delay for stream replication 
wal_receiver_status_interval=10s # Optional , The maximum interval between reporting status to the main library 
hot_standby_feedback=on # Optional , Feed back to the main database when querying conflicts 
max_connections=1000 # The maximum number of connections is generally greater than the main database 
primary_conninfo = 'host=172.16.98.200 port=5432 user=repl password=123456'  #  Indicates the main database connection information 
recovery_target_timeline = 'latest'     #  It means to recover the latest data

3.3 establish standby.signal

establish standby.signal file , Declare from library

echo "standby_mode = on" >> /data/appData/postgreSql/standby.signal

3.4 Start from library

/data/app/postgreSql/bin/pg_ctl start -D /data/appData/postgreSql/

4. Verify master-slave synchronization

4.1 Main database verification method

4.1.1 Check the process

ps aux |grep "sender"|grep -v "grep"
#  return  postgres: walsender repl 172.16.98.201(53768) streaming

4.1.2 Check the table to verify

#  Log in to the main library 
/data/app/postgreSql/bin/psql -h 127.0.0.1 -p 5432 -U postgres
#  perform select
postgres=# select pid,application_name,state,client_addr,sync_priority,sync_state from pg_stat_replication;
#  return  async

4.2 Verify from library

ps aux |grep "receiver" |grep -v "grep"
#  return  postgres: walreceiver streaming

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当前位置：网站首页>Postgresql14 installation and master-slave configuration

Postgresql14 installation and master-slave configuration

1. Version environment

2. Master database operations

2.1 Installation services