「混合云」会是云计算的下一个战场吗？

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不萌"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2018年，IBM宣布以334亿美元收购云计算开源软件提供商红帽，决心转向云计算和人工智能，成为开放式混合云的推动者。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"随后又在今年10月8日，IBM宣布将年营收190亿美元的传统技术服务业务剥离出去，以便更专注于云计算和人工智能相关业务，彻底将未来压在混合云上。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除此之外，思科在今年初也宣布以2.6亿美元收购混合云环境应用管理解决方案提供商CliQr，着力发展该赛道。亚马逊AWS、微软Azure、谷歌云计算，以及国内的阿里云、天翼云、华为云、UCloud等等，也早早入局。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"看得出来，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"混合云已经成众多巨头重要的发展战略"},{"type":"text","text":"。混合云会是云计算下一个战场吗？如果是，这次又会是谁称霸云计算市场？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"01"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"从过渡品到被看好"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"励志典型混合云"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"混合云不是含着金钥匙出生的孩子，从诞生那一刹那，人们更多将它定义为向公有云的过渡产品。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"然而随着一些大型企业向公有云迁徙，监管障碍、数据安全问题、对传统应用程序的依赖以及异常数据集等问题，成为企业数据迁移到公有云的最大障碍。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而转过头来选择私有云的话，企业还需要独自进行内部私有云中的配置、部署、监控和设备保护等工作。此外他们还需要购买和运行用来管理，监控和保护云环境的软件，整体运维费用将成为一句不小的开销。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"于是在经过一番考量之下，一些大型企业选择了拥有部分公有云与私有云特性的过渡产品——"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"混合云"},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不用不知道，一用吓一跳。随着这些大型企业的深入使用，他们发现混合云模式完全可以满足想要兼顾稳态业务与敏态业务的需求，并能在可控合规和整体建设成本之间找到一个平衡点。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"具体来看，混合云在特定的场景下，可以发挥公有云强大的弹性来用于计算、存储等，但核心隐私性的数据，却可以放到私有云中处理，保障安全性。并将一些灵活性的定制化功能交由灵活性高的私有云运行。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这就像是厨师做一道特色菜，把切菜、添柴、配置调料的流程交给帮厨，自己则操纵最核心的烹饪流程及秘制配方的处理。即满足更高效的时间管理，有保证特色菜的秘密不外泄。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"至于成本方面，混合云虽然略高于公有云，但与纯粹私有云所需的资金和维护成本对比，还是十分实惠。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2016年11月份，福布斯披露了他们针对全球302位企业高管所做的一项关于云计算的调查。调查的结果显示在企业市场，混合云的场景将会越来越普遍。行业专家们也开始认定混合云是云计算的未来发展趋势。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"看到混合云受到大型企业的热捧，云厂商们也开始按奈不住。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"于是可以看到，在近两年期间，AWS、微软等云厂商纷纷推出自家的混合云Outposts、Azure Stack；国内的阿里云、腾讯云、华为云等厂商也分别推出Apsara Stack、黑石混合云平台等产品。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"与此同时，也刺激了一些云计算初创企业在混合云道路上加注的决心。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2020年10月23日，UCloud优刻得在上海的大会上，就发布了混合云2.0解决方案，以“开放API”的形式，开放智能资源管理平台、自动化网络平台、全方位运维平台、融合UCloud公有云产品；可“全面定制”机房、物理服务器、运维服务、云安全方案。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"02"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"改善痛点再进化"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"混合多云被开启"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"虽然各家云厂商的加入竞争，让混合云市场看起势不可挡。但从市场反馈的实际使用效果来看，还是存在一些问题待处理。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"根据ToB行业头条了解，之前市场对混合云实际应用不满意的地方，主要分为五个方面："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"1.管理不方便"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在企业未采用混合云之前，无论是使用传统的IT基础设施，还是用其他云服务，大多只需管理一个环境，在系统监控、业务监控等方面都相对简单。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"采用混合云之后，原来的一个环境变成多个环境，使用户在监控方面的工作变得复杂，影响监控以及问题处理的效率，给运维增加难度。且如果多个环境系统是异构体，工作难度将会进一步增加。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"2.多环境处理难一致"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"混合云并非是单纯将多个环境的资源堆砌在一起，用户期望中的混合云，是希望能够打通公有云和私有云之间的数据通路，实现跨地域的IT基础设施的管理和整合。就像实现多个环境的网络连通问题等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"所以如何保证公有云、私有云以及用户自己的基础环境无缝衔接，保持用户业务在多个环境之间的平滑迁移，以及用户数据在多个环境的一致性，都需要进一步解决。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"3.云网隔离"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"云网隔离是混合云当下面对的一个重要问题，对于用户来说，云计算资源与网络计算资源的诸多操作是分离，两者之间处于割裂状态，让使用者不得不同时关注多个平台的使用情况，大大增加了运维人员的工作量。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"4.资源利用效率待提高"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"众所周知，在当一环境下中部署应用时，资源的使用率统计、调整等都相对好整理，但是在使用混合云后，多个环境导致资源使用相关的数据不易统一整理和调配。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"所以如何让用户在公有云、私有云、原来的IT基础设施等方面，让资源利用率做到最大化，是混合云需要重点解决的问题。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"5.跨云协同管理"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"根据目前市场上的推出的混合云解决方案，基本上都局限在单一云厂商上，企业选择的时候，只能选择定制化的混合云。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align"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