Pytest study notes

建议有unittestLearn the basics laterpytest

一.用例规范

pytestDefault use case specification：
1.用例文件：以test开头
2.以testThe function at the beginning will be treated as a test case
3.以TestClasses starting with class are considered test case classes
测试类中,以testThe method at the beginning will be treated as a test case
例：

def test_login():
    assert 99 == 99


class TestLogin01:
    def test_01(self):
        assert 99 == 99

但是pytestThe use case specification of can be passedpytest.ini去配置
pytest.ini文件

[pytest]

python_files = test*.py

python_functions =
    test*
    *test

python_classes =
    Test*
    Check*

这里就配置了：
1.以testThe file at the beginning is the test file
2.函数名以test开头或testThe function at the end will be treated as a test case
3.以Test开头或者以CheckClasses that start with are considered test classes

二.The pre and post of the test class

pytestThere are two methods of pre and post

第一种：
use case level setup 和 teardown

    def setup(self):
        print('use case prepended')

    def teardown(self):
        print('用例后置')

类级别的 setup_class 和 teardown_class

    def setup_class(self):
        print('类前置')

    def teardown_class(self):
        print('类后置')

第二种：
pytestVery classic test fixture–pytest.fixture

@pytest.fixture()
def fix_01():
    print('Use case level prepended')
    
    yield

    print('Use case level post')


@pytest.fixture(scope='class')
def fix_02():
    print('类级别前置')
    
    yield

    print('类级别后置')


@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
def fix_03():
    print("Use case level prepended to be performed automatically")
    
    yield
    
    print("Use case level postfix for automatic execution")

调用时,in the parameters of the use case,Write the name of the method before and after it

def test_04(self, fix_01):
    print('用例1')
    assert 99 == 99

pytestYou can put all pre and post methods in conftest.py文件中（Use it directly in the use case file,不用导入)

三.pytest用例执行顺序

同一个文件按照用例文件中代码的前后顺序
多个文件根据文件名的ASCII码排序

四.Use case labeling

pytest.mark
1.在pytest.ini文件中markers这个配置项中注册标签

2.通过@pytest.mark.标签名,给用例加上标签

import pytest


class TestLogin:

    @pytest.mark.opo
    def test_01(self):
        assert 100 == 100

    def test_02(self):
        assert 10 == 100

3.It can be passed when the use case is executedpytest -m 标签名 to filter the use case execution

4.When filtering use cases,可以使用 and or not
pytest -m"a and b"：Execute concurrentlya和b标签的用例
pytest -m"a or b"：执行有a或者b标签的用例
pytest -m"not a"：执行没有a标签的用例

5.跳过
@pytest.mark.skip 直接跳过

@pytest.mark.skipif (表达式) Skip by condition

五.The way the use case runs

命令行：pytest 参数

pytest.main运行：pytest.main([‘参数列表’])

Filter executed use case files 或者 测试类 或者 用例方法
1.执行测试文件：pytest 文件名.py
2.执行测试类：pytest 文件名.py::类名
3.执行测试方法：pytest 文件名.py::类名::用例方法名

只执行test_Demo1的话

命令行进入test_Case目录,输入pytest test_Demo1.py
just executetest_Demo1文件了

只执行test_Demo1中的TestLogin方法的话,就输入pytest test_Demo1.py::TestLogin

六.断言

unittestThere are many assertion methods built in
pytestThe assertion is used directlyassert关键字

七.参数化

Parameterization isunittest中ddt

import pytest

class Test99:
    cases = [11, 2, 23, 456, 7, 5, 44, 66, 77, 88, 99]

    @pytest.mark.parametrize('item', cases)
    def test_999(self, item):
        assert item > 30

八.测试报告

allure报告
具体安装步骤：

1.在https://github.com/allure-framework/allure2/releases下载allure进行解压
2.将解压后的binThe path is placed in the system variablepath中
3.安装依赖