Selenium eight elements positioning and relative locator

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'''  Eight element positioning rules : id、name、link text、Partial Link Text、Tag Name、Class Name、Xpath、Css Selector xpath And cssSelector The difference in speed is probably 10ms about   In the field of automation , Accuracy and stability always rank first . '''
from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')

1.ID location

#  The element has ID When the properties of the , Can pass ID To locate ,ID It's equivalent to the ID number , Generally speaking, it will not be repeated .
driver.find_element("id",'su')

2.Name location

#  The element has Name Attribute , adopt Name Attribute to locate . The probability of repetition is relatively possible . Similar to the name on the ID card 
# document.getElementsByName("Name name ") according to length Length determines whether there are multiple names Name value 
driver.find_element('name','rn')

3.Link Text location

#  Aim at a Tag to achieve positioning , The positioning condition is a Labeled text Content 
driver.find_element('link text',' Journalism ')

4.Partial Link Text location

#  Aim at A Tag to achieve positioning , Is based on a Labeled text Fuzzy search of content . Be similar to sql Medium like

els = driver.find_element("partial link text"," About Baidu ")
# for el in els:
# print(el.text)
print(els.text)

5.TagName location

#  Not available for testing , It is usually used by crawlers , Element positioning based on tag name 
els = driver.find_elements("tag name","input")
print(len(els))

6.ClassName location

#  Based on elements class Property to locate , longer class Attribute values are not recommended , If class It's worth only one , Consider using , But avoid repetition 
# driver.find_element('class name','s_ipt').send_keys('s_ipt')
# el = driver.find_element('class name','bg s_ipt_wr new-pmd quickdelete-wrap')
# print(el.get_attribute('class'))
#form > span.bg.s_ipt_wr.new-pmd.quickdelete-wrap

7.CSS Selector location

#  Element localization : The element positioning of kaleidoscope . The principle is based on CSS Style to locate elements . It is also the fastest method in legend .
# driver.find_element("css selector","#kw").send_keys("#kw")

8.Xpath Element localization

#  Xuzhu personal recommendation commonly used : The panacea of positioning , The principle is based on html Structure to locate elements , Similar to the file management system under the operating system 
#  Absolute path : It's not the end of the road , Do not use this positioning method 
# /html/body/div[1]/div[1]/div[5]/div/div/form/span[1]/input
#  Relative paths : Element query function , Right click copy,copy xpath Get the relative path of the element ( This method is not recommended ), Usually by hand xpath To solve the problem 
# //*[@id="kw"]
# //*[@type="submit"]
e1 = driver.find_element('xpath','//*[@id="kw"]').send_keys(" Si Xiaoyou ")
driver.find_element('xpath','//*[@type="submit"]').click()

9. Relative positioner

'''  Position the element relative to the locator , stay selenium4  New content in   Locate elements based on the direction of people , Just locate one element , You can locate all the elements around this element to   In practice , There will be inaccurate positioning  '''
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.relative_locator import locate_with

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')

#  Core elements 
el = driver.find_element("id","kw")
#  On 
a = driver.find_elements(locate_with(By.TAG_NAME,'div').above(el))
#  Next 
b = driver.find_elements(locate_with(By.TAG_NAME,'div').below(el))
#  Left 
l = driver.find_elements(locate_with(By.TAG_NAME,'div').to_left_of(el))
#  Right 
r = driver.find_elements(locate_with(By.TAG_NAME,'div').to_right_of(el))
#  near 
n = driver.find_elements(locate_with(By.TAG_NAME,'div').near(el))
print(a)
print(b)
print(l)
print(r)
print(n)