Automated test - uiautomator2 framework application - automatic clock in

explain

• Recently, the company has changed the way to punch in , Switch to mobile APP Location punch , It is similar to Ali's pin punch .
• In order to apply what you have learned , Special programming to achieve automatic clock out .

Frame description

• UIAutomator yes Android Automated testing framework provided by , Support most Android system operation , Is used to do UI Black box test , That is to say, it is a manual test that simulates manual work , for example ： Click on the control element to see if the display is as expected , The characteristics are as follows ：

1. Black box testing , Simulate human operation , You don't need to know the implementation details .
2. Not dependent on one APP, Able to span App function .
3. Unwanted root jurisdiction .
4. The disadvantage is that it only supports SDK 16（Android 4.1） And above , I won't support it Hybird App、WebApp.
5. Use java To write , Special operation mode is required .

• The uiautomator2 The frame is UIAutomator Of python Encapsulation framework , Use python To write （ Write simple , convenient ）, long-range （ adopt wifi perhaps usb Connecting device ） Independent operation .

Environmental preparation

• The individual is in ubuntu18.04 The configuration of uiautomator2 Environmental Science ,windows It's the same thing , Previously installed .
• Depend on the environment

1. install adb; Used to identify and connect equipment
2. Python3,pip3 Environmental Science ; Script running environment and Uiautomator2 Library installation tool

• Libraries installed

pip3 install uiautomator2 // Automated test library 

• Mobile environment configuration

python3 -m uiautomator2 init // It will automatically install the tools used on the mobile phone , User consent is required to install 

• Be careful ：

1. Many blogs on the Internet , The tool used is pip and python, Use pip It can also be installed , But it's installed uiautomator2 Relatively old , You may encounter many exceptions ,pip The installation may be python2 The library of , Use python Also similar , It's better to use python3 Tools in the environment , Relatively new , Better compatibility , Generally, there are not too many exceptions .

• Environment validation script ; After the environment is configured , Test whether the library is available

*  Script 
import uiautomator2 as u2

d = u2.connect('xxxx') # equipment ip Or device name （adb devices Shown in ）
print(d.info)
*  According to normal python Run in script mode , Normally, some information of the device will be printed .

Frame usage

• Because the framework is UI Black box testing , Need to identify and locate interface elements , Can be operated accordingly , You need to use the interface element identification tool , as follows ：

pip3 install weditor # install 
python3 -m weditor # Tools run 

• weditor After the tool runs , The web interface will pop up automatically , After the device is connected, the device will be displayed in real time UI Interface , And display relevant information of interface elements , for example ： Can be used to programmatically define resource id etc. .

coded

• After you can identify and define interface elements, you can use uiautomator2 Framework of the api Operate on interface elements , The operation can be automated .
• uiautomator2 Framework interface document [ To be added ].

Automatic clock in

• analysis ： Similar punch in app Both implement device binding , Communication encryption and other anti cheating means , Want to start from these aspects , It's hard , Only by the simplest and most unsolved means （ Simulate user operation ） Realization .
• Punch code example ：

*  Use the timing library schedule, Realize timing operation 
schedule.clear()
schedule.every(1).days.at("08:45").do(clockIn)
*  Punch in 
d = u2.connect('c746dd057d28') # Connecting device 
while 1：
    try:
        d.app_start("com.weaver.emobile7")# open app

        d(resourceId="com.weaver.emobile7:id/layout_three").wait(timeout=3.0)
        d(resourceId="com.weaver.emobile7:id/layout_three").click() # Click menu tab 3
        
        d(text="app016").wait(timeout=1.0)
        d(text="app016").click() # Click attendance item , Enter the clock in interface 
    except Exception as e:
        d(resourceId="com.android.systemui:id/home").click()
        try:
            d.app_stop("com.weaver.emobile7") # Abnormal shutdown app
        except Exception as e:
            pass
        continue
    
    try:
        d(text=" Clock in ").wait(timeout=3.0)
        a = d(text=" Clock in ").get_text() == ' Clock in '
    except Exception as e:
        pass
    else:
        try:
            d(text=" Clock in ").click()
            time.sleep(1)
        except:
            pass
    
    try:
        a = d(text=" Update clock in time ").get_text() == ' Update clock in time '
    except Exception as e:
        try:
            d.click(0.54, 0.826) # The coordinates of the clock control , Avoid that the above code does not recognize the clock control , Click fixed coordinates directly 
        except:
            pass
        d(resourceId="com.android.systemui:id/back").click()
    else:
        d(text=" Update clock in time ").click()
        exit(0)  # The update clock in time appears , Indicates that the clock was punched successfully 
    
    time.sleep(1)

• matters needing attention ：

1. exception handling ; The interface display may not be so timely , Need to delay or wait for processing , The absence of an interface element will cause a script operation timeout exception , End of script run , You need to add exception handling .
2. stability ; The current is through usb Connect the phone ,adb Operating mobile phone , Whether this set can be used for a long time without error , It should be more stable if it can run on the mobile phone , But it is troublesome to read other people's blogs .
3. The mobile phone is abnormal ; The mobile phone automatically stops the screen , You need to enter the password after the screen is stopped , Personal early alarm clock may affect the interface display , Need to be closed .
4. Network anomalies ; Some clocks app Need to connect to the corporate network , To prevent detection , You should not always be connected to the corporate network , It needs to be started regularly .