Space shooting Lesson 11: sound and music

Space shooting No 11 course ： Sound and Music

This is us. “Shmup” Project No 8 part . If you haven't read through the previous section , Please from The first 1 part Start . In this lesson , We will add sound effects and music to the game .

video

You can watch the video of this course here ：

The power of sound

Good audio is added to the game “ Fruit juice ” It's the most effective way to .Juice Is an informal game design word , Used to indicate something that makes the game interesting and fascinating . It is sometimes called “ The game feels ”.

Just like graphics , Finding the right sound for your game can be challenging .OpenGameArt It is a good place to find audio resources , It may be interesting to search for sound on the website , But we will study another way to create game sound effects .

Make a custom sound

We will use a name called Bfxr Great tool to generate Shmup The sound required for the game .Bfxr It looks like this ：

Don't be intimidated by all these sliders and audio jargon names . The button on the left will randomly generate this type of sound . Try clicking “Shoot” Button several times . The generated sound will be saved in the list below the button .

about Shmup game , We need a “shoot” Sound and a “explosion” voice . Find the sound you need , single click “Export Wav” Button （ instead of “Save to Disk” Button ）.

Next , We're going to create one “snd” Folder （ Just like what we do with images ）, And will WAV Put the files there . The following is the voice I choose ：

• expl3.wav
• expl6.wav
• pew.wav

Please note that , There are two kinds of explosions . In this way , We can choose randomly among them , And there is a little change in the meteor explosion .

Last , We need some music . Browse at will OpenGameArt, Or you can use this ：

• Frozen Jam by tgfcoder

Please note that , On the page above , The artist appointed “Attribution Instructions Contribution statement ”. These are the artists who will license your music . In short , This means that we must give respect to artists . We copy and paste this statement to the top of the program .

Add sound to the game

We are ready to add sound to the game . First , We need to specify the location of the sound folder ：

# Frozen Jam by tgfcoder <https://twitter.com/tgfcoder> licensed under CC-BY-3
# Art from Kenney.nl
import pygame
import random
from os import path

img_dir = path.join(path.dirname(__file__), 'img')
snd_dir = path.join(path.dirname(__file__), 'snd')

Next , We need to load the sound file . We will do this at the same location where the graph is loaded . Let's do the shooting sound first ：

# Load all game sounds
shoot_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, 'pew.wav'))

Now? , We loaded the sound and assigned it to the variable shoot_sound, So that we can quote it . We hope that whenever players shoot, they can play sound , So let's add it to shoot() In the method ：

    def shoot(self):
        bullet = Bullet(self.rect.centerx, self.rect.top)
        all_sprites.add(bullet)
        bullets.add(bullet)
        shoot_sound.play()

That's all it's about . Now shooting feels much better ！

Next , Let's add an explosion . We will load them and put them in a list ：

# Load all game sounds
shoot_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, 'pew.wav'))
expl_sounds = []
for snd in ['expl3.wav', 'expl6.wav']:
    expl_sounds.append(pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, snd)))

In order to make the explosion work , Whenever we destroy meteors , We all choose one of them at random ：

    # check to see if a bullet hit a mob
    hits = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(mobs, bullets, True, True)
    for hit in hits:
        score += 50 - hit.radius
        random.choice(expl_sounds).play()
        m = Mob()
        all_sprites.add(m)
        mobs.add(m)

music

The last thing to do is to add some background music , This will bring a lot of personality and emotion to the game . The way music works is slightly different from sound , Because you want it to stream continuously in the background .

First , Loading music ：

expl_sounds = []
for snd in ['expl3.wav', 'expl6.wav']:
    expl_sounds.append(pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, snd)))
pygame.mixer.music.load(path.join(snd_dir, 'tgfcoder-FrozenJam-SeamlessLoop.ogg'))
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.4)

This music file is quite loud , We don't want it to overwhelm other voices , So we also set the volume to the maximum 40%.

To play music , You just need to choose where the song should start in the code , In our case , This is before the game cycle starts ：

score = 0
pygame.mixer.music.play(loops=-1)
# Game loop
running = True

loops Parameter is the way to specify the number of times you want the song to repeat . By setting loops by -1 Let it repeat indefinitely .

Try it - Isn't the game much better now ？ We haven't changed any game playing , But music and sound effects bring a richer experience . Try different sounds , See how it affects the feel of the game .

In the next lesson , We will add some shields for players , So we won't die so easily .

The complete code of this part

# KidsCanCode - Game Development with Pygame video series
# Shmup game - part 8
# Video link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abm1VwFxv9o
# Sound and Music
# Frozen Jam by tgfcoder <https://twitter.com/tgfcoder> licensed under CC-BY-3
# Art from Kenney.nl
import pygame
import random
from os import path

img_dir = path.join(path.dirname(__file__), 'img')
snd_dir = path.join(path.dirname(__file__), 'snd')

WIDTH = 480
HEIGHT = 600
FPS = 60

# define colors
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)

# initialize pygame and create window
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("Shmup!")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()

font_name = pygame.font.match_font('arial')
def draw_text(surf, text, size, x, y):
    font = pygame.font.Font(font_name, size)
    text_surface = font.render(text, True, WHITE)
    text_rect = text_surface.get_rect()
    text_rect.midtop = (x, y)
    surf.blit(text_surface, text_rect)

class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.image = pygame.transform.scale(player_img, (50, 38))
        self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.radius = 20
        # pygame.draw.circle(self.image, RED, self.rect.center, self.radius)
        self.rect.centerx = WIDTH / 2
        self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT - 10
        self.speedx = 0

    def update(self):
        self.speedx = 0
        keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed()
        if keystate[pygame.K_LEFT]:
            self.speedx = -8
        if keystate[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
            self.speedx = 8
        self.rect.x += self.speedx
        if self.rect.right > WIDTH:
            self.rect.right = WIDTH
        if self.rect.left < 0:
            self.rect.left = 0

    def shoot(self):
        bullet = Bullet(self.rect.centerx, self.rect.top)
        all_sprites.add(bullet)
        bullets.add(bullet)
        shoot_sound.play()

class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.image_orig = random.choice(meteor_images)
        self.image_orig.set_colorkey(BLACK)
        self.image = self.image_orig.copy()
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.radius = int(self.rect.width * .85 / 2)
        # pygame.draw.circle(self.image, RED, self.rect.center, self.radius)
        self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)
        self.rect.y = random.randrange(-150, -100)
        self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)
        self.speedx = random.randrange(-3, 3)
        self.rot = 0
        self.rot_speed = random.randrange(-8, 8)
        self.last_update = pygame.time.get_ticks()

    def rotate(self):
        now = pygame.time.get_ticks()
        if now - self.last_update > 50:
            self.last_update = now
            self.rot = (self.rot + self.rot_speed) % 360
            new_image = pygame.transform.rotate(self.image_orig, self.rot)
            old_center = self.rect.center
            self.image = new_image
            self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
            self.rect.center = old_center

    def update(self):
        self.rotate()
        self.rect.x += self.speedx
        self.rect.y += self.speedy
        if self.rect.top > HEIGHT + 10 or self.rect.left < -25 or self.rect.right > WIDTH + 20:
            self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)
            self.rect.y = random.randrange(-100, -40)
            self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)

class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.image = bullet_img
        self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.bottom = y
        self.rect.centerx = x
        self.speedy = -10

    def update(self):
        self.rect.y += self.speedy
        # kill if it moves off the top of the screen
        if self.rect.bottom < 0:
            self.kill()

# Load all game graphics
background = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, "starfield.png")).convert()
background_rect = background.get_rect()
player_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, "playerShip1_orange.png")).convert()
bullet_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, "laserRed16.png")).convert()
meteor_images = []
meteor_list = ['meteorBrown_big1.png', 'meteorBrown_med1.png', 'meteorBrown_med1.png',
               'meteorBrown_med3.png', 'meteorBrown_small1.png', 'meteorBrown_small2.png',
               'meteorBrown_tiny1.png']
for img in meteor_list:
    meteor_images.append(pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, img)).convert())
# Load all game sounds
shoot_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, 'pew.wav'))
expl_sounds = []
for snd in ['expl3.wav', 'expl6.wav']:
    expl_sounds.append(pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, snd)))
pygame.mixer.music.load(path.join(snd_dir, 'tgfcoder-FrozenJam-SeamlessLoop.ogg'))
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.4)

all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
mobs = pygame.sprite.Group()
bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()
player = Player()
all_sprites.add(player)
for i in range(8):
    m = Mob()
    all_sprites.add(m)
    mobs.add(m)
score = 0
pygame.mixer.music.play(loops=-1)
# Game loop
running = True
while running:
    # keep loop running at the right speed
    clock.tick(FPS)
    # Process input (events)
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        # check for closing window
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                player.shoot()

    # Update
    all_sprites.update()

    # check to see if a bullet hit a mob
    hits = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(mobs, bullets, True, True)
    for hit in hits:
        score += 50 - hit.radius
        random.choice(expl_sounds).play()
        m = Mob()
        all_sprites.add(m)
        mobs.add(m)

    # check to see if a mob hit the player
    hits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, mobs, False, pygame.sprite.collide_circle)
    if hits:
        running = False

    # Draw / render
    screen.fill(BLACK)
    screen.blit(background, background_rect)
    all_sprites.draw(screen)
    draw_text(screen, str(score), 18, WIDTH / 2, 10)
    # *after* drawing everything, flip the display
    pygame.display.flip()

pygame.quit()

The first 9 part ： shield