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Introduction and download tutorial of administrative division vector data

2022-06-24 18:41:00 【Geographical space of ruiduobao】

brief introduction

Geographic data is the basis of administrative regionalization , It is a geographical division according to the administrative units of each country . Different countries have different administrative levels , For example, some countries call the first administrative unit the province , Some countries call them States, etc .

At present, Chinese Internet related administrative division data sorting articles are not comprehensive , This paper sorts out the common data sources and download methods of administrative divisions . The first few are administrative division data from all over the world （ Including China ）, The last few are the introduction of China's zoning data .

FAO Global administrative data

Data is introduced

FAO GAUL Global administrative region data （The Global Administrative Unit Layers） It's the international food and agriculture organization FAO Data produced with the financial support of the Bill Gates Foundation and other organizations . The production process of this data is ： a) Gather information from the most reliable sources ;b) Establish geographic features ;c) By the United Nations cartographic unit （UNCS） Mapping .

GAUL Data sets are targeted at the country level 、 The first administrative level and the second administrative level , A global unified coding system has been established . Disputed territories against countries ,GAUL The approach is to further address these areas , To safeguard the territorial integrity of all countries in dispute （ Treatment method reference Technicalaspects GAUL2015.pdf and G2015_DisputedAreas.dbf Two documents ）.GAUL Therefore, it is considered to be the best data of administrative divisions in the world , This data set has contributed to the standardization of global administrative division data .

Data browsing and downloading

Browse data on the official website

（1） Get into FAO Resource search directory （https://data.apps.fao.org/map/catalog/srv/eng/catalog.search#/home）, Search for FAO gaul data ：

Enter the first search result , You can see the details of the data ：

Turn the page down , Data browsing and WMS Address .

（2） Click on add to map Use the official map browser to view the data , Click Details to get data details . Here we will level2 Load level data into the official website ：

Click on each vector , You can pop up the specific information of the vector . For example, if we click on Ziyang, the information of Ziyang will appear ：

WMS Browsing data

Network map service WMS ,Web Map Service, It is to make a map by using the data with geospatial location information , The map is defined as the visual representation of geographic data .WMS The address can be used arcgis And qgis see , But you can't download vector data . get wms Address ：https://data.apps.fao.org/map/gsrv/gsrv1/gaul/wms, Load it into arcgis in , Select the displayed layer ,：

After the show , You can see the distribution of one administrative region in the world ：

But we need to pay attention ：WMS service Browse only , Even if you download, you can only download raster images . Here I recommend you to use WFS service .

WFS Download data

Network element service WFS,Web Feature Service, Support users to insert geographical elements , to update , Editing and other services . Use WFS service , Need to use QGIS, Will get wfs Address （https://data.apps.fao.org/map/gsrv/gsrv1/gaul/wfs?version=1.1.0&typeName=gaul:g2015_2014_1&srsName=EPSG%3A4326&maxFeatures=100000） Load into the server ：

At this point we can display the vector data , And you can select and view the attribute table ：

Right click data , Click export , Data can be downloaded ：

Select the exported data format as shp perhaps geojson, After downloading, you can get FAO Global administrative region vector data （ Including the first level and the second level administrative regions ）：

When downloading the second level data , Slower . I probably loaded 10 Minutes or so before the full display ：

Load the downloaded data into arcgis in , You can use ：

gdam data

Global administrative region database gdam,the Database of Global Administrative Areas, Is a public database , It is mainly a vector library of administrative regions at all levels in the world . The database provides free download of historical administrative data , But not for commercial use .

Open the homepage of the website （https://gadm.org）, Click on “data” Enter the download interface ,

Select a country's data to download ,

Here in order not to cause controversy , I use German data as a model . Select the format to download in the page , We download shp Format ：

If you need data from China , We should download Taiwan, China together 、 Hong Kong, China, 、 Macao China 、 Data from India and other places , Finally, make a splice .

Here to avoid controversy , I open the map of Germany to see the data quality , You can see the data quality in Germany , There are... In Germany 4 Level data （ China is 3 Level data ）：

gdam Data is the most widely used administrative division data in the world , The main reason is that the data is non-commercial and free 、 The data is accurate 、 The data is updated in time .

LSIB

Large scale international boundary data sets LSIB,the Large Scale International Boundaries, It was produced by the office of the American geographer . It should be noted that the data set is based on the court 、 Information about courts and international arbitration , The disputed boundary is not marked out , It is not recommended for domestic users .

Data download

Open the web site （https://geonode.state.gov/layers/catalog:geonode:LSIB）, Click on

We need to pay attention to , The data is only national boundaries , That is, the data is a line vector .

HDX data

HDX The data set is the United States Office for the coordination of humanitarian affairs （ROAP） Data sets collected , This data set is contributed by volunteers all over the world .

The download method is to open the website directly ：https://data.humdata.org/dataset , Search for China - Subnational Administrative Boundaries, Click the first data to enter and download , The data can be downloaded without registration ：

This data set has provinces in China 、 There are two levels , It should be noted that although the data set has Taiwan , But there are two regions in the southwest .

By rough comparison , Quality comparison of the data set gdam、FAO Poor , The boundaries of the city boundaries are also inaccurate , It can be used as a reference .

University of California, Berkeley

The library data center at the University of California, Berkeley, offers Chinese 1949 year -2014 China's administrative boundary in , The data is produced by the University of Michigan China data center . The data address is ：https://geodata.lib.berkeley.edu/

At present, this data is only available to UC Berkeley staff and users who visit the University Library in person . According to the revealed data , The data are very detailed .

If there are Berkeley students , Try downloading , And share with you , It is also a blessing for the geoscience data circle .

Environmental Science and data center of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The data source is international love geographic information , The website is ：https://www.resdc.cn/.

This data is only available for free download of provincial data , Prefecture level cities 、 County and other data downloads need to be paid . in addition , When using this data set, you should pay attention to the lack of data timeliness 、 The topology of data is a big problem . The border of the data is OK , Therefore, it is very appropriate to download provincial data .

Map service providers

Sky map 、 Gould map 、 Tencent map 、 Baidu map provides administrative division data . Developers can not only call the data interface of administrative divisions , You can also use reptiles 、 The vector data of administrative divisions can be obtained by connecting geographic databases . I won't go into details here .

Netizen sorting

At present, the quality of official data is poor 、 Lack of timeliness , Some practitioners also collate the data .

Guidance video

I recorded a tutorial video about downloading all kinds of data , Take a look at ：

Data acquisition

I downloaded. FAO、gadm、LSIB、HDX Data such as , For readers to use . The data download address is geoscience remote sensing data collection www.gisrsdata.com Comment area for articles in the central administrative region .