Several methods of using ABAP to operate Excel

use ABAP operation Excel This requirement is quite common , therefore  Jerry  I hope this article can play a role in attracting jade , Friends who have worked on this topic for many years , Welcome to leave a message , Pointed out that Jerry A deficiency or mistake in an article .

stay SAPGUI According to the keyword OLE Search for , Can find through ABAP operation Excel It's a way to ：

This document makes it clear , Microsoft Word and Excel such Office application , Provides a so-called automation The interface of , Exposed public class methods and properties can be consumed by other applications .

As ABAP Application developers , We call OLE Object method CALL METHOD, GET PROPERTY,SET PROPERTY Wait to visit Microsoft Word and Excel Of automation Interface , The code looks like this ：

The function above RH_START_EXCEL_DATA_OLE Call Microsoft Excel Of automation Interface , Create a new one Excel workbook, Then prepare to ABAP The data in the inner table is written to Excel in .

ABAP  Programming language support  OLE2  Automation technology .  therefore , Developers can learn from  ABAP  System call support  OLE2  The desktop application . stay  ABAP  Same as  Office  In the scenario of software integration ,Microsoft Excel  or  Microsoft Word  Wait for desktop applications , Actually acts as  OLE2  The role of the server side . The interaction architecture is shown in the following figure ：

All by  ABAP  All controlled applications must be entered into  ABAP  Development workbench  TOLE  In the table .  To maintain tables  TOLE, Use transaction code  SOLE：

• TOLE（OLE  Applications ） Key in  CREATE  Statement as the object class name .  Each entry contains a build  OLE  All the information the object needs .

• Typeinfo  Describes all the objects that a particular application can handle , Including all its methods 、 Properties and parameters .

Double click a line in the above figure , Go to the details page ：

• OLE Application： Application name , Determine the object class when the object is generated .

• CLSID： In the character format specified in the registration database on the demo host  OLE  Class ID . In an Interaction scenario ,CLSID  The number is sent to the front end .

• CLSID LibType： Character format  OLE  class  ID.OLE  The type library part of the application has its own  CLSID.

• OLE object name： The first one created  OLE  The name of the object . This field is only used in the object browser .

• Type Info Key：OLE  Application's  Typeinfo  Key . Under this key , Type information is stored in the database . NO_TYPELIB  Indicates that... Is not required for this application  typeinfo.

You may ask , How do I know Excel Which public classes and methods in the can be ABAP Invocation? ？

stay Excel Right click in , choice View Code：

open Microsoft Visual Basic Object Brower, All available classes and methods are listed here , above ABAP Code No. 218 Line called workbook Of open Methods can also be found in the list .

This solution is only available in windows The platform works , And it needs to run SAPGUI Of Presentation Server Microsoft is installed on Excel application .

We use OLE How to operate Excel when , open Windows The task manager of the operating system , You will find one with /automation -Embedding The parameters start Excel process .

there -Embedding Parameters , come from OLE Full name ：Object Linking and Embedding Part of .OLE It is a very old technology of Microsoft .

Microsoft and SAP Two big men ,Bill Gates and Hasso Plattner 1993 Photos of the year ：

If Jerry If I remember correctly ,  Microsoft Office from 2007 Version start ,  Adopt new support Office Open XML Standard format to manage Excel and Word Wait for the documents .Jerry 2014 In SAP Chengdu Research Institute CRM The development team is responsible for CRM Document Builder This module , It was written and used at that time ABAP operation Word The code of the document .

With Word For example , The following figure is the simplest one I created Word file , Contains a Header Area , A paragraph consisting of three lines of colored text , And a picture .

So let's take this Word The extension of the document is from .docx Change to .zip,  Then double click. , You can use decompression software, such as winrar open .

So I found that this is the simplest one Office Open XML Protocol implemented Word file , In fact, so many xml And folders .

Use SAP Standard class CL_DOCX_DOCUMENT Read Word The contents of the document ：

A brief description of the above code ：

(1)  take word The binary content of the document is passed into the method cl_docx_document=>load_document, Get a document object reference , Then you can call various methods with the help of this object reference .

(2) word The creator of the document , Creation time , Finally, the modification time and other information are stored in the so-called “Core property part” Inside , By means of lo_document->get_corepropertiespart get "Core property part" References to , Then use this reference to call the method get_data Get the actual content .

The picture below is get_data An example of the returned content , It can be seen that it is xml Format .

(3)  Now we are ready to read Word The body of the document . Usage method lo_document->get_maindocumentpart obtain Word The body of the document , Font type of text , Color is also included . As shown in the figure below ：

(4) Word Of course, the binary content of the picture inserted in the document can also be read out . Usage method ：lo_image_parts->get_part return .

Excel I haven't done it before , But the principle is similar , You can use the development kit S_OOXML_CORE Inside CL_XLSX_DOCUMENT To operate in the format xlsx Of Excel file .

besides , There is also a famous open source project ,

abap2xlsx

, Jerry I haven't tried , Interested friends can try .

Last , Everyone in SE24 Use keywords in XSLX as well as SE38 Search inside _OLE,

You can select some points from the search list , Reference resources SAP How standard procedures operate Excel Document .

I hope these contents are useful to you , Thank you for reading .

summary

This article first introduces  SAP ABAP  The application is the same as Microsoft  Office  Applications like  Excel  The working principle and technical architecture of the Interaction scenario , Then I shared in  ABAP Presentation  The transaction code is used on the server  SOLE  Configure the service registration , Finally, it gives  ABAP  Application passed  OLE2  The interface is the same as  Excel  Application interaction source code .