Oracle11g database uses expdp to back up data every week and upload it to the backup server

Catalog

1. Look at the database

1.1 First, let's take a look at the table space , The production environment table space is about 90G, Less than half of it was used

2. Database backup

2.1 Login database

2.2 Create a logical Directory

2.3 Give database user file operation permission #dbuser User name for database , More practical changes

2.3 Create a physical Directory

1.3 Backup database

3.shell Script for automatic backup

4. Add timing task

4. Reference article

The school needs to back up the previous production database to Huawei cloud , After that, automatic weekly backup will be realized

1. Look at the database 1.1 First, let's take a look at the table space , The production environment table space is about 90G, Less than half of it was used

View all tablespaces and usage

SELECT　　B.FILE_NAME Physical file name ,　　B.TABLESPACE_NAME Tablespace name ,　　B.BYTES/1024/1024 size M,　　(B.BYTES-SUM(NVL(A.BYTES,0)))/1024/1024 Already used M,　　SUBSTR((B.BYTES-SUM(NVL(A.BYTES,0)))/(B.BYTES)*100,1,5) Usage rate FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE A,DBA_DATA_FILES BWHERE A.FILE_ID=B.FILE_IDGROUP BY B.TABLESPACE_NAME,B.FILE_NAME,B.BYTESORDER BY B.TABLESPACE_NAME;

2. Database backup 2.1 Login database [[email protected]]$ sqlplus / as sysdba2.2 Create a logical Directory

This operation will not be performed in Linux Created in /opt/data_backup This file , Finally, you need to create the file manually to back it up .

SQL> create directory back_dir as '/opt/backup'SQL> select * from dba_directories; # View all logical directories , See if the creation is successful 2.3 Give database user file operation permission #dbuser User name for database , More practical changes Grant read,write on directory back_dir to dbuser;2.3 Create a physical Directory [[email protected]]$ mkdir -p /opt/backup #-p Ensure that the directory name exists , It does not exist to build a , You can use parameters to create multi-level directories 1.3 Backup database [[email protected]]$ expdp dbuser/[email protected]:1521/orcl dumpfile=dbback.dmp log=log.log directory=back_dir schemas=cbyxy

exedp There are a lot of parameters , Here are some explanations used
dbuser/[email protected]:1521/orcl # Export user name / password @ database IP/ database SID
dumpfile= Exported file name .dmp
log= Log name of the export process .log
directory= The path name of the backup file , Use the previous logical directory name
schemas= The name of the database user to be backed up
FULL=y # This means that you do not need to export the entire database schemas Parameters
You can also export by tablespace TABLESPACES=
Table name export TABLES=
And so on. There are many parameters you can learn by yourself

3.shell Script for automatic backup #!/bin/bash# Import environment variables , Fill in according to your actual situation export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/appexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATHexport LOCAL_IP=192.168.110.183:1521export [email protected]:/opt/ # Backup server users ,ip, Save address export ORACLE_USER_NAME=system # The user password of the database shall be filled in according to the actual situation , Backing up the entire library is best done with system or sys Administrator user export ORACLE_USER_PASSWD=Abc123556..export ORACLE_SID=orcl # I don't know if I can use Oracle User execution echo $ORACLE_SID, perhaps SQL> SELECT instance_name FROM v$instanceexport DATA_DIR=/opt/backup # Same as the logical address in the database , Used to store backup files export DELTIME=`date -d "7 days ago" +%Y%m%d` # -d "7 days ago" To get the date seven days ago , Name the task by date to facilitate automatic deletion of tasks > except export BAKUPTIME=`date +%Y%m%d` # Backup date: export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK # Environment variables that define language locale and character set attributes , Modify according to your own database mkdir -p $DATA_DIRecho "Starting bakup..."echo "Backup file path $DATA_DIR/$BAKUPTIME.dmp"expdp $ORACLE_USER_NAME/[email protected]$LOCAL_IP/$ORACLE_SID dumpfile=$BAKUPTIME.dmp log=$BAKUPTIME.log directory=expdp full=yecho "backup file success..."tar -zcvPf $DATA_DIR/$BAKUPTIME.tar.gz $DATA_DIR/$BAKUPTIME.dmp --remove-files ##-P： Specify the absolute path --remove-files : Delete the original file after packaging echo "tar the file backup successfully"echo "scp to":$BACKUP_IPscp $DATA_DIR/$BAKUPTIME.tar.gz $BACKUP_USER_IP_DIR # The remote server firewall has restrictions scp Port needs to be added ：-P Port number rm -f $DATA_DIR/$DELTIME.log # Delete previous backup echo "Bakup completed."

4. Add timing task [[email protected] ]$ crontab -e

add rows ：* 1 * * 6 /opt/back.sh # Perform the backup task every Saturday morning

* * * * *- - - - -| | | | || | | | +----- What day of the week (0 - 6) ( Sunday by 0)| | | +---------- month (1 - 12) | | +--------------- Day of the month (1 - 31)| +-------------------- Hours (0 - 23)+------------------------- minute (0 - 59)4. Reference article

https://www.cnblogs.com/xwdreamer/p/3511047.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/farmer-y/p/5888432.html
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41607523/article/details/110817646
https://blog.csdn.net/XUEYUTIANQI/article/details/113976558

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