What is the future of the booming intelligent Internet of things (aiot) in recent years?

author ： Guo Bin Jim Yuzhiwen

source ： big data DT（ID：hzdashuju）

The current Internet of things 、 The rapid development and accelerated integration of big data and artificial intelligence technology , The birth of intelligent Internet of things （Artificial Intelligence of Things, AIoT） This promising emerging frontier .

among , AI models and algorithms are good at finding rules from massive disordered data 、 Learning strategies , The Internet of things can establish extensive connections for hundreds of millions of physical devices . therefore , The integration of artificial intelligence and the Internet of things will play a more powerful role in collaborative sensing Computing , But it will also bring more problems and challenges worthy of in-depth exploration .

01 The Internet of things will continue to grow and become a strong network

expect 2025 In, the connecting nodes of the Internet of things in China will reach 200 One hundred million , Will far surpass the main body of the Internet （ Human users ） The number of . Google predicts , To 2025 The world will be IoT Equipment led . therefore , In the future, the data analysis and integration requirements generated by the concurrent networking of tens of billions of heterogeneous devices and users will promote the deep integration of the Internet of things and artificial intelligence .

Different from the people-centered Internet ,AIoT It's an electron 、 signal communication 、 Computer 、 A new type of network integrating the technologies in the four fields of artificial intelligence , Further expand on the basis of Internet connection , Realize people 、 People and things 、 The wide interconnection between things and between people and the environment , Thus the tradition “ Internet ” and “ The Internet of things ” The connection range and connection mode of are improved to “ people 、 machine 、 matter ” The connection, symbiosis and deep integration of three types of heterogeneous subjects .

02 AIoT Under the background, the research of swarm intelligence collaboration faces new research challenges

AIoT At the architecture and implementation level, it usually includes Physical perception layer 、 Network connection layer 、 Intelligent computing layer and integrated application layer .AIoT First, real-time perception of all kinds of data through the networking of various heterogeneous devices （ Environmental data 、 The run data 、 Business data 、 Monitoring data, etc ）, And then on the terminal device 、 Edge devices or the cloud are processed through big data mining or machine learning algorithms 、 Understanding and cognition , Such as intelligent perception 、 target recognition 、 Energy management 、 Forecast warning 、 Automatic decision making, etc .

In recent years , Intelligent Internet of things applications and services have gradually integrated into smart cities 、 Intelligent manufacturing 、 Driverless driving and other major national needs and livelihood fields . Due to massive AIoT The equipment has all-weather 、 Multi level perception 、 Calculation 、 Storage and communication capabilities , Not only can you feel people and the environment , And can communicate with people （ Group users ）、 machine （ Group applications ）、 matter （ Group intelligence body ） Interact to meet application driven performance requirements .

Besides , Driven by emerging technologies such as terminal intelligence and cloud side hierarchical resource control ,AIoT In perception 、 Calculation 、 The overall linkage of the four links of communication and application requires people 、 machine 、 There is deeper cooperation and complementarity between things .

therefore , How to make swarm agents self organize in a distributed and collaborative way 、 Adaptive and self-learning enhanced evolution , stay AIoT Realize the optimization, aggregation and deep mining of group information in the whole life cycle , And always maintain the trade-off optimization between the overall performance of group applications and the energy efficiency of distributed resources , It has become an important scientific problem .

03 AIoT Distributed collaborative ecosystem is not yet mature , But the development potential is huge

Microsoft 、IBM、 Alibaba 、 tencent 、 Huawei 、 Jd.com and other enterprises have actively deployed in the field of intelligent Internet of things in recent years .

2017 year , Google gradually launched TensorFlow Lite The framework supports deep model compression and hardware acceleration ,Edge TPU、Coral Dev Board And other hardware development equipment support AIoT Application landing . Microsoft is in 2019 Released at the annual Developer Conference AIoT Strategic layout of .

2018 year , Alibaba announced its entry into the Internet of things , Positioned as the builder of Internet of things infrastructure , Provide IoT The connection and AI Ability , Realize cloud edge end integrated collaborative computing , And developed a lightweight Internet of things embedded operating system AliOS Things.

Tencent also launched an Internet of things system TencentOS tiny, Low power consumption 、 Low resource occupation and other characteristics . Huawei has launched the Huawei Hongmeng operating system for the Internet of things , As a full scene distributed operating system based on micro kernel , stay 5G The era has broad application prospects .

JD also 2018 Released in “ Urban computing platform ”, Combined with deep learning, build a spatiotemporal correlation model and learning algorithm to solve traffic planning 、 Thermal power 、 Intelligent application problems in different scenarios of cities such as environmental protection .

However , influence AIoT One of the obstacles to development is that devices are computing resources （ Such as computing power 、 Storage ）、 operating system 、 Heterogeneity of algorithm framework , and A unified AIoT The paradigm of perceptual computing is not yet mature . In this context , How can man-machine and object realize collaborative perception by means of distributed complementary enhancement or competitive confrontation 、 Study 、 Computing and communication to complete complex tasks has become an important research direction .

This article is excerpted from 《 Man machine object fusion swarm intelligence calculation 》（ISBN：978-7-111-70591-8）, Issued under the authority of the publisher .

Extended reading 《 Man machine object fusion swarm intelligence calculation 》

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Recommended language ： Mankind is entering an era of intelligent interconnection of all things with the ternary integration of man, machine and things ！ Human machine object fusion Swarm Intelligence Computing will be the next AI tuyere ！ A magnificent masterpiece of human-machine object fusion and Swarm Intelligence Computing ！

About author ： Guo Bin , Doctor of Engineering , Professor, School of computer science, Northwestern Polytechnic University / With concurrent , Winner of National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars , Country “ Ten thousand people plan ” Young top talents , Deputy director of the Key Laboratory of intelligent perception and computing, Ministry of industry and information technology , Director of the cross research center of computing and art, Northwestern Polytechnic University , Head of Youth Innovation Team in Colleges and universities in Shaanxi Province .

Jim , Doctor of Engineering , Associate Professor, School of computer science, Northwestern Polytechnic University . His research direction is pervasive computing 、 Mobile Embedded Intelligence 、 Intelligent Internet of things . stay ACM MobiSys、ACM Ubicomp、IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing Wait for a high-level meeting / Papers published in journals 20 Yu Wen , Have authorized patents 4 term .

Yuzhiwen , Professor of Northwestern Polytechnic University 、 Dean of the school of computer science , The Ministry of Education “ Yangtze scholars ” Distinguished professor , Winner of National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars , Country “ Ten thousand people plan ” Leading talents in scientific and technological innovation , Chief scientist of national key R & D special projects .

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