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AUTOSAR从入门到精通100讲(150)-SOA架构及应用
2022-06-22 05:30:00 【格图洛书】
01
定义
面向服务架构,它可以根据需求通过网络对松散耦合的粗粒度应用组件进行分布式部署、组合和使用。服务层是SOA的基础,可以直接被应用调用,从而有效控制系统中与软件代理交互的人为依赖性。
SOA是一种粗粒度、松耦合服务架构,服务之间通过简单、精确定义接口进行通讯,不涉及底层编程接口和通讯模型。SOA可以看作是B/S模型、XML(标准通用标记语言的子集)/Web Service技术之后的自然延伸。
SOA将能够帮助软件工程师们站在一个新的高度理解企业级架构中的各种组件的开发、部署形式,它将帮助企业系统架构者以更迅速、更可靠、更具重用性架构整个业务系统。较之以往,以SOA架构的系统能够更加从容地面对业务的急剧变化。
SOA系统是一种企业通用性架构。

02
体系结构
2.1 松耦合的系统
这种具有中立的接口定义(没有强制绑定到特定的实现上)的特征称为服务之间的松耦合。松耦合系统的好处有两点,一点是它的灵活性,另一点是,当组成整个应用程序的每个服务的内部结构和实现逐渐地发生改变时,它能够继续存在。与之相反,紧耦合意味着应用程序的不同组件之间的接口与其功能和结构是紧密相连的,因而当需要对部分或整个应用程序进行某种形式的更改时,它们就显得非常脆弱。
对松耦合的系统的需要来源于业务应用程序需要根据业务的需要变得更加灵活,以适应不断变化的环境&
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