Pycharm database tool

PyCharm Database tools

In the process of software development , Is inseparable from the database ,PyCharm It provides rich functions for operating the database , You can leave without PyCharm IDE Connect to different types of databases under the environment of , Executable SQL Script 、 View results, export and import data and other functions , This course will introduce these common functions in PyCharm in How to use . You should have the basic knowledge of database after learning this chapter .

1. Database Tools and SQL

PyCharm The database management function in is provided by Database Toools and SQL Plug in support . The plug-in supports DataGrip All the functions provided in (DataGrip It is an independent database management environment for developers , It's also JetBrains Products of the company )： Support query 、 Create and manage various types of databases , Include MySQL、PostgreSQL、SQL Server、SQLite、MariaDB、Oracle、Apache Cassandra wait , The database can be locally 、 Working on a server or in the cloud .

In order to use PyCharm Database management function , Please make sure Databse Tools and SQL The plug-in is enabled .
The main menu ： PyCharm/Files -> Preference/Settings -> Plugins -> Data

PyCharm Provide Open the database tool window ： The main menu  View -> Tool Windows -> Database, It can perform a series of database operations .

2. Connect to database

If you want to perform database operations , You must create   data source   Connect . Below to connect MySQL To introduce how to connect to the database . Other types of database connections are basically similar , For more details please Reference resources .

step1：  In the database tool window  View -> Tool Windows -> Database, single click "Data Source Properties" Icon .

step2：  stay "Data Sources and Drivers “ In the dialog box , single click ”+" Icon and select MySQL. Then input the corresponding information according to the prompts in the following figure . If not downloaded in advance Selected database JDBC Driver, Click on the bottom of the window Download missing driver files Link to download directly .

Tips： Of each type of database JDBC Driver You can install several different versions of , in addition to , As shown above ： The system will also automatically prompt for updates . If you want to change the version used , In the current window Drivers Select the database type to change under .

step3：  After the test is successful , Click on ok, New data sources MySql Create success . see Database And Service Tool window .

3. perform SQL sentence

After a successful database connection , You can query the data in the database ,PyCharm Provides a variety of query methods .

3.1 Query Console

When creating a data source , The query console will be automatically created , Can be in Services Click directly on the toolbar Console open . It can also be in Database Tool window , Right click the data source , choice open a query console, Or press F4.

Type or paste the statement to execute in console, And then execute ：

Execute the above statements respectively , The results are as follows ：

3.2 Execute... From the open file SQL sentence

step1：  First of all, make sure that you have set up  SQL Dialects, It tells the system what type of database rules are used to read and execute statements . Because we are connected to MySQL data source , So choose MySQL.

The main menu ： PyCharm/File -> Preferences/Settings -> Languages & Frameworks -> SQL Dialect：

step2：  Prepare one in advance “.sql” file , Or create a new one ".sql" file , The file contains multiple statements . And then run this file .

step3：  The following window will pop up , Add target data source ：

step4： Click the button above Run, The toolbar Run Will be displayed ：

step5：  If you want to see the results of each statement , Enter... In the edit area ⌘（ Ctrl + Enter) perform , You need to select the to execute the statement first Session. You can use what already exists , You can also create a new .

Tips： The data source connection is the physical communication channel .Session It is a state of information exchange . A single connection can have multiple Sessions. When using the client to connect to the database server , Both parties will establish a Session To exchange information .

Step6：  Select Create a new Session after , The execute statement toolbar appears . Behind and in Query Console Execution statements are consistent .

3.3 Run the file directly from the hard disk

stay Database Click data source in the toolbar , Then choose... From the context menu  Run SQL Scripts....：

stay " Choose the path " Window , Navigate to the... To apply SQL file . The following is related to the implementation of .sql The documents are the same .

4. View results and edit data

Yes SQL sentence , The corresponding display results will be displayed in Services The toolbar , You can limit the number of bars displayed through the buttons on the toolbar , View the definition of the table and so on .

You can edit the data directly in the query results , You can also add or delete records , And submit directly to the database .

 

When updating records , choice Auto Pattern , Click on Submit, The update takes effect directly ,Commit And Rollback The button is always unavailable . If you choose Manual Mode submission , When there are updates ,Submit And Commit Will change from gray unavailable to available , If you click directly Commit, The update takes effect directly ; At this point, if you select Submit, Rollback The button changes from gray to available , You can click it to discard the update , Of course, you can continue to choose Commit, Make the update effective .

5. Import and export data

5.1 Derived data

1. Can be in Database Toolbar selection table 、 Views are exported directly to a file . In the figure below, select tables, Context menu selection  Dump Data to Files , Of course, you can also select a single table to export .

stay Dump Data Select the format to save the data in the window , And save the path .

2. Select from the result set to export data to a file or a clipboard . The previous result sets are displayed in Table Format display , It can be displayed in different formats through the setting of the data extractor , The same format can also be applied to export . Export data by clicking dump data Button , You can export the selected data .

In the open Dump Data window , Set the save format and path , Then choose whether to save to a file or to cut and paste the board .

5.2 Import data

Can be in Database Toolbar select data source , Context menu selection  Run SQL Scripts... .

stay " Choose the path " Window , Navigate to the... To apply SQL file . then Open.

3. It can also be in Database Toolbar select a table , Then select... From the context menu  Import Data from File

After selecting, navigate to the... You want to apply SQL file , Then open the , The following import file window appears , Specify data item settings , Click on OK.

6. Summary

This section focuses on Database Tools and SQL, Its function is very powerful , We only cover some of the most commonly used functions , This is only a small part of the function , Interested students can check The related documents Continue to learn .

If there are many and complex operations on the database , The author suggests using DataGrid perhaps Navicat These specialized database tools , stay PyCharm in , We can just Database Tools As a quick debugging database related code , An auxiliary tool for real-time viewing of running results .