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Unity 锁定相机第二弹
2022-07-30 10:08:00 【一梭键盘任平生】
前段时间 写的战斗相机一旦切换目标过快 相机就太晃了 晃的想吐
然后参考了某个游戏的战斗相机后 做了以下逻辑改动
大概是这样的
1.当每次攻击时锁定最近的目标 找到目标之后 如果目标在一区内则相机不需要转动
2.如果目标在二区内 相机转动到目标出现出现在1区内后停止转动
3.如果目标在屏幕外 相机转动到目标出现在中上区后停止转动
4.停止转动后 如果仅角色移动 相机只跟随角色移动
根据以上需求 优化了部分逻辑
1.添加了一个屏幕位置枚举
private enum TARGETPOSTYPE {
/// <summary>
/// 屏幕中上部分
/// </summary>
MIDDLESCREENTOP,
/// <summary>
/// 屏幕中部（0.45-0.55）
/// </summary>
MIDDLESCREEN,
/// <summary>
/// 屏幕中部（0.25-0.75）
/// </summary>
ONESCREEN,
/// <summary>
/// 屏幕左部（0-0.25）
/// </summary>
TWOSCREENLEFT,
/// <summary>
/// 屏幕右部（0.75-1）
/// </summary>
TWOSCREENRIGHT,
/// <summary>
/// 屏幕外
/// </summary>
OUTSIDESCREEN,
NONE,
}2.获取目标在屏幕上的位置（0-1）
/// <summary>
/// 获取目标的屏幕位置
/// </summary>
/// <param name="camera"></param>
/// <param name="targetPos"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public Vector2 GetPosInScreenPos(Camera camera, Vector3 targetPos) {
Vector3 viewPos = camera.WorldToViewportPoint(targetPos);
Vector3 dir = (targetPos - camera.transform.position).normalized;
float dot = Vector3.Dot(camera.transform.forward, dir);
if(dot > 0)
return viewPos;
else
return new Vector2(-1, -1);
}3.每次攻击确定目标的屏幕位置枚举
/// <summary>
/// 保存每次锁定时锁定目标在屏幕位置
/// </summary>
private void SaveLockTargetScreenType() {
targetShouldType = TARGETPOSTYPE.NONE;
TARGETPOSTYPE targetPosType = GetTargetInScreenType();
switch(targetPosType) {
case TARGETPOSTYPE.TWOSCREENLEFT:
case TARGETPOSTYPE.TWOSCREENRIGHT:
targetShouldType = TARGETPOSTYPE.ONESCREEN;
break;
case TARGETPOSTYPE.OUTSIDESCREEN:
targetShouldType = TARGETPOSTYPE.MIDDLESCREENTOP;
break;
}
}
4.监测目标当前屏幕位置枚举 与 需要到达的屏幕位置枚举
/// <summary>
/// 获取目标的屏幕位置枚举
/// </summary>
/// <param name="target2"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private TARGETPOSTYPE GetTargetInScreenType() {
Vector2 screenPos = GetPosInScreenPos(camera, target2.position);
Vector2 selfScreenPos = GetPosInScreenPos(camera, target.position);
if(screenPos.x >= 0 && screenPos.x < 0.25f)
return TARGETPOSTYPE.TWOSCREENLEFT;
else if(screenPos.x >= 0.25 && screenPos.x <= 0.75) {
if(screenPos.x >= 0.45 && screenPos.x <= 0.55) {
if(screenPos.y >= selfScreenPos.y)
return TARGETPOSTYPE.MIDDLESCREENTOP;
return TARGETPOSTYPE.MIDDLESCREEN;
} else
return TARGETPOSTYPE.ONESCREEN;
} else if(screenPos.x > 0.75f && screenPos.x <= 1)
return TARGETPOSTYPE.TWOSCREENRIGHT;
else
return TARGETPOSTYPE.OUTSIDESCREEN;
}
/// <summary>
/// 是否停止相机转动
/// </summary>
/// <param name="LockType"></param>
/// <param name="target2"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private bool StopCameraRot() {
TARGETPOSTYPE targetPosType = GetTargetInScreenType();
if(targetPosType <= targetShouldType) return true;
return false;
}5.到达位置后改变相机转动逻辑 从战斗相机改成自由相机
if(beginCalcStop && !StopCameraRot()) {
cameraMoveWay1 = false;
} else if(!cameraMoveWay1) {
cameraMoveWay1 = true;
beginCalcStop = false;
}
Vector3 pos = camera.transform.position;
if(cameraMoveWay1) {
CameraMoveWay1(target, pos);
} else
CameraMoveWay2(target, pos);全部的代码是下面这样的：
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class test2 : MonoBehaviour {
#region 锁定相机新逻辑
private enum TARGETPOSTYPE {
/// <summary>
/// 屏幕中上部分
/// </summary>
MIDDLESCREENTOP,
/// <summary>
/// 屏幕中部（0.45-0.55）
/// </summary>
MIDDLESCREEN,
/// <summary>
/// 屏幕中部（0.25-0.75）
/// </summary>
ONESCREEN,
/// <summary>
/// 屏幕左部（0-0.25）
/// </summary>
TWOSCREENLEFT,
/// <summary>
/// 屏幕右部（0.75-1）
/// </summary>
TWOSCREENRIGHT,
/// <summary>
/// 屏幕外
/// </summary>
OUTSIDESCREEN,
NONE,
}
/// <summary>
/// 每次刷新锁定时 确认目标应该去的位置
/// </summary>
private TARGETPOSTYPE targetShouldType;
bool cameraMoveWay1 = false;
bool beginCalcStop = false;
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// 角色
/// </summary>
public Transform target;
/// <summary>
/// 目标
/// </summary>
public Transform target2;
/// <summary>
/// 相机
/// </summary>
public Camera camera;
/// <summary>
/// 相机距离角色水平距离
/// </summary>
public float _radius;
/// <summary>
/// 相机看向角色正前方多少米处
/// </summary>
public float cameraLookDis;
/// <summary>
/// 相机距离角色竖直距离
/// </summary>
public float _camHeight;
/// <summary>
/// 相机旋转角速度变化曲线
/// </summary>
public AnimationCurve _cameraAngleSpeedCurve;
/// <summary>
/// 相机角速度
/// </summary>
public float cameraSpeed;
public bool reset;
// Start is called before the first frame update
void Start() {
}
// Update is called once per frame
void Update() {
if(reset) {
if(beginCalcStop && !StopCameraRot()) {
cameraMoveWay1 = false;
} else if(!cameraMoveWay1) {
cameraMoveWay1 = true;
beginCalcStop = false;
}
Vector3 pos = camera.transform.position;
if(cameraMoveWay1) {
CameraMoveWay1(target, pos);
} else
CameraMoveWay2(target, pos);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取当前角度标准距离后的位置
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private Vector3 GetDisPos(Vector3 pos, Vector3 _lookat) {
Vector3 view = _lookat - pos;
view.y = 0.0f;
view.Normalize();
Vector3 endPos = _lookat - view * _radius;
endPos.y = 0f;
return endPos;
}
private Vector3 GetCurPos(Vector3 center, Vector3 curPos, float angle) {
return RotateRound(curPos, center, Vector3.up, angle);
}
/// <summary>
/// 围绕某点旋转指定角度
/// </summary>
/// <param name="position">自身坐标</param>
/// <param name="center">旋转中心</param>
/// <param name="axis">围绕旋转轴</param>
/// <param name="angle">旋转角度</param>
/// <returns></returns>
private Vector3 RotateRound(Vector3 position, Vector3 center, Vector3 axis, float angle) {
return Quaternion.AngleAxis(angle, axis) * (position - center) + center;
}
/// <summary>
/// 求出两个向量之间的夹角+-180
/// </summary>
/// <param name="from"></param>
/// <param name="to"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public float Angle_180(Vector3 from, Vector3 to) {
from.y = 0; to.y = 0;
Vector3 v3 = Vector3.Cross(from, to);
if(v3.y > 0)
return Vector3.Angle(from, to);
else
return -Vector3.Angle(from, to);
}
/// <summary>
/// 攻击刷新镜头锁定
/// </summary>
/// <param name="target"></param>
public void AttackUpdate() {
SaveLockTargetScreenType();
beginCalcStop = true;
cameraMoveWay1 = false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取当前角度标准距离后的位置
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private Vector3 GetDisPos(Transform target, Vector3 pos, Vector3 _dir) {
Vector3 _lookat = target.position - _dir.normalized * cameraLookDis;
Vector3 view = _lookat - pos;
view.y = 0.0f;
view.Normalize();
Vector3 endPos = _lookat - view * _radius;
endPos.y = 0f;
Debug.DrawLine(target.position, endPos, Color.yellow);
return endPos;
}
#region 锁定相机新逻辑
/// <summary>
/// 转动方式1 保持主角在屏幕中间 不管锁定目标位置
/// </summary>
/// <param name="target"></param>
/// <param name="dir"></param>
/// <param name="pos"></param>
private void CameraMoveWay1(Transform target, Vector3 pos) {
Vector3 dir = target.position - target2.position;
dir.y = 0.0f;
Vector3 lookat = target.position - dir.normalized * cameraLookDis;
//相机看向目标
camera.transform.LookAt(lookat);
Vector3 disEndPos = GetDisPos(target, pos, dir);
Vector3 curPos = GetCurPos(target.position, disEndPos, 0);
//相机位置赋值
camera.transform.position = curPos + Vector3.up * (_camHeight + target.position.y);
}
/// <summary>
/// 转动方式2 保持主角和锁定角色同屏
/// </summary>
/// <param name="target"></param>
/// <param name="dir"></param>
/// <param name="pos"></param>
/// <param name="lookat"></param>
private void CameraMoveWay2(Transform target, Vector3 pos) {
Vector3 dir = target.position - target2.position;
dir.y = 0.0f;
Vector3 lookat = target.position - dir.normalized * cameraLookDis;
//相机看向目标
camera.transform.LookAt(lookat);
//角色到相机的水平方向上的向量
Vector3 roted = dir.normalized * _radius;
//相机应该移动到平面上的位置
Vector3 endPos = lookat + roted;
//当前相机在校准和角色的水平距离后在平面上的位置
Vector3 disEndPos = GetDisPos(pos, lookat);
Vector3 curPos = endPos;
//当前位置和应到位置的的角度（+-180）
float angle = Angle_180(disEndPos - lookat, endPos - lookat);
//根据角度获取曲线上的速度倍率
float curSpeedRate = _cameraAngleSpeedCurve.Evaluate(Mathf.Abs(angle));
float curSpeed = cameraSpeed;
//根据角度调整旋转方向
if(angle > 0) curSpeed *= 1;
else if(angle < 0) curSpeed *= -1;
//根据角度调整位置
if(Mathf.Abs(angle) > Mathf.Abs(curSpeed * Time.deltaTime * curSpeedRate)) {
float rotAngle = curSpeed * Time.deltaTime * curSpeedRate;
//根据圆心角度半径求出旋转角度后应到的位置
curPos = GetCurPos(target.position, disEndPos, rotAngle);
}
//相机位置赋值
camera.transform.position = curPos + Vector3.up * (_camHeight + target.position.y);
}
/// <summary>
/// 保存每次锁定时锁定目标在屏幕位置
/// </summary>
private void SaveLockTargetScreenType() {
targetShouldType = TARGETPOSTYPE.NONE;
TARGETPOSTYPE targetPosType = GetTargetInScreenType();
switch(targetPosType) {
case TARGETPOSTYPE.TWOSCREENLEFT:
case TARGETPOSTYPE.TWOSCREENRIGHT:
targetShouldType = TARGETPOSTYPE.ONESCREEN;
break;
case TARGETPOSTYPE.OUTSIDESCREEN:
targetShouldType = TARGETPOSTYPE.MIDDLESCREENTOP;
break;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取目标的屏幕位置枚举
/// </summary>
/// <param name="target2"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private TARGETPOSTYPE GetTargetInScreenType() {
Vector2 screenPos = GetPosInScreenPos(camera, target2.position);
Vector2 selfScreenPos = GetPosInScreenPos(camera, target.position);
if(screenPos.x >= 0 && screenPos.x < 0.25f)
return TARGETPOSTYPE.TWOSCREENLEFT;
else if(screenPos.x >= 0.25 && screenPos.x <= 0.75) {
if(screenPos.x >= 0.45 && screenPos.x <= 0.55) {
if(screenPos.y >= selfScreenPos.y)
return TARGETPOSTYPE.MIDDLESCREENTOP;
return TARGETPOSTYPE.MIDDLESCREEN;
} else
return TARGETPOSTYPE.ONESCREEN;
} else if(screenPos.x > 0.75f && screenPos.x <= 1)
return TARGETPOSTYPE.TWOSCREENRIGHT;
else
return TARGETPOSTYPE.OUTSIDESCREEN;
}
/// <summary>
/// 是否停止相机转动
/// </summary>
/// <param name="LockType"></param>
/// <param name="target2"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private bool StopCameraRot() {
TARGETPOSTYPE targetPosType = GetTargetInScreenType();
if(targetPosType <= targetShouldType) return true;
return false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取目标的屏幕位置
/// </summary>
/// <param name="camera"></param>
/// <param name="targetPos"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public Vector2 GetPosInScreenPos(Camera camera, Vector3 targetPos) {
Vector3 viewPos = camera.WorldToViewportPoint(targetPos);
Vector3 dir = (targetPos - camera.transform.position).normalized;
float dot = Vector3.Dot(camera.transform.forward, dir);
if(dot > 0)
return viewPos;
else
return new Vector2(-1, -1);
}
#endregion
}
攻击的时候触发AttackUpdate方法就会按照规则执行
每个rpg游戏必然有着自己的战斗相机特殊要求 ，这个只是记录自己的经历，程序不易，且行且珍惜
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