First knowledge - Software Testing

1: What is software testing

This problem is also a problem we often encounter , Maybe a lot of people will say : Software testing is looking for BUG, Find out what's wrong with it …

In fact, we can think about the test scenarios in our life ?
for example : Just bought a mobile phone , We need to test whether the function is perfect , Buy a dress to see if it fits , Check the questions you have done after an exam …

What is software : web System ( Educational administration system , Office system …),APP(QQ, WeChat ),CSDN, Applet , official account … The functions of these software are implemented by developers , software test : It is for testers to verify whether the functions of the software can meet the needs of users , The user is the user ( Buy Software / Party a , Traffic user …)

Software testers should not only see that the software does not meet the needs of users , And find out what doesn't match , To verify the functionality of the software :( Is it working , Whether it can meet the needs of users ) Characteristics of software testing : Software testing is just a sample test , It is inexhaustible , There is no way to conduct a complete test , Software testers should ensure that the main ( Commonly used ) Correctness of functions and core processes

2: The difference between software testing and development

1: The first is skill and difficulty :
Development He is asking for skill concentration , Highly professional ( depth )( It's like java Development Engineer , He wants to master java The implementation of the underlying language , All kinds of frames (spring springboot(AOC IOC Mybatis Redis…)))
And testing He requires a wide range of skills , Low professionalism ( You can use some tools skillfully , You don't need to know the bottom )

Interface : soupUI postman jmeter…
automated testing : java python untittest testNG robotFramework selenium Tools …
Performance testing tools : loadrunner jmeter…
Grab the bag : Charles fiddler( Analog weak network )…
APP test : appium Macaca…

2: Salary , The work environment , pressure , Prospects for development :

The work environment : similar
salary : Small and medium-sized enterprises are generally lower than R & D , There is basically no gap between automation and other professional testing fields and R & D . There is basically no difference in R & D and testing of large manufacturers
Prospects for development : automated testing 、 The development prospect of safety testing and other fields is basically consistent with that of R & D .
How busy : There is not much difference in agile mode , There was a lot of pressure before the product was released

3: What is the difference between software testing and software development debugging :

1: Purpose :
Software debugging : The programmer verifies that the software does what he wants it to do ( Stand on your own level )
software test : The tester verifies whether the software meets the user's requirements ( Stand on the level of users )
2: role :
Software debugging : Developer
software test : Testers + Developer ( White box testing , Code related )
3: Stage :
Software debugging : The development phase
software test : Throughout the whole software development process , There are software tests everywhere

3: Software testing post

Software test engineer ： The main work of engineers generally includes demand analysis 、 Write test plan and test scheme 、 Design test cases 、 Execute test case 、 track BUG、 Prepare test report, etc ;
Test Development Engineer ： Develop some automatic test scripts according to the characteristics of the project , Or automated testing tools , Or a small tool used in software testing to improve work efficiency , So as to test more effectively , Improve the quality of software products . The purpose of test development engineer is to be more efficient , Let test engineers do testing work more quickly ; Test and development positions generally require certain development ability , The ability to solve problems is particularly important .
Performance test engineer ： Test the performance of the system , Including using tools and writing performance automation test scripts .
Safety Test Engineer ： Mainly analyze the possible safety problems of the product , Do all aspects of penetration testing , Improve product safety
Other ： System Test Engineer , Embedded test engineer , Hardware Test Engineer .

4: at present IT The personnel structure of the company's department team

A project team consists of testers :
1: Manual tester
2: Automated test case developers ( automation )
3: Automation tool development ( Test and improve efficiency )(2 and 3 Collectively referred to as test developers )

5: The qualities that an excellent software tester should have

We may often be asked during the interview , Why do you choose software testing ?
1: Comprehensive ability :
Good communication skills ( The communication ability of test engineers will directly affect the efficiency of affairs . Good and clear communication skills , It is a test of whether engineers with excellent technology can get better development “ Knock on the door ".)
Have the ability to learn quickly ( Fast learning and understanding of different business needs and functions . Learning ability to test new technologies and methods )
Development capability ( Learn more java Knowledge of )
Ability to describe in words ( Write a document , Describe what you found BUG Where is the )
2: Master automatic testing technology :
Master automatic testing technology , It can free you from a lot of repetitive manual work , In this way, more energy can be spent on more types of tests .
3: Excellent test case design ability :
Test case design capability refers to , No matter what type of test , Can be designed to find defects efficiently , Excellent test cases to ensure product quality .
How to improve the ability of test case design ？
1), Master the method of designing test cases
2), The accumulation of , summary
3), Read good test case design cases
4: Exploratory thinking :
Exploratory thinking means , The test engineer keeps learning the tested system during the test , Combine your own experience , knowledge , intuition , Make systematic wrong guesses and logical reasoning , Sort out and analyze more targeted test concerns .( Not bound by rules , Divergent thinking , Be able to think about problems in combination with reality )
give an example : Function test of automatic ticket vending machine :

5: Interest in
6: Strong sense of responsibility and resistance to pressure :
A sense of responsibility is necessary for any job , For testers ：
Testing is often the last gatekeeper of product quality ; Because the test results are difficult to measure , Test case execution 、bug The quantity can not tell whether the quality of the product is qualified ; therefore , A sense of responsibility is one of the most important test qualities .
pressure , Test workers , In particular, the Internet industry needs to be able to withstand various pressures .