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极大似然估计
2022-07-26 16:24:00 【InfoQ】
概率与似然
- 在数理统计学中,似然函数是一种关于统计模型中的参数的函数,表示模型参数中的似然性。似然函数在统计推断中有重大作用,如在最大似然估计和费雪信息之中的应用等等。“似然性”与“或然性”或“概率”意思相近,都是指某种事件发生的可能性
- 在统计学中,“似然性”和“或然性”或“概率”又有明确的区分。概率用于在已知一些参数的情况下,预测接下来的观测所得到的结果,而似然性则是用于在已知某些观测所得到的结果时,对有关事物的性质的参数进行估计。
- 如果是已知确定的(均质),是变量,这个函数叫做概率函数(probability function),它描述对于出现出面还是反面,其出现的可能性(
概率)是多少。
- 如果是已知确定的(正面向上),是变量(未确定硬币的质量分布,不同的分布可能导致硬币更容易正面向上或反面向上),这个函数叫做似然函数(likelihood function), 它描述对于不同的质量分布,出现下面向上这种情况可能性(
似然)是多少。
似然函数
实例计算
0.205参考
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