IPv4 and IPv6 (powercert animated videos)

This article is derived from the subtitles of the following video links ：
IPv4 and IPv6(Powercert animated videos)

IP

• One ip An address is a numeric address
• This is the identification of a computer or a device on the network
• On the Internet For the purpose of communication , Every device has a IP Address
• IP The address consists of two parts , network address and The host address
• IP There are two kinds of addresses ：IPv4 and IPv6

IPv4

• IPv4 yes IP The current version of the address
• This is a 32 Digit address , Writing is separated by dots 4 A digital （66.94.234.13）, Each set of numbers separated by dots is called an octet
• This number is in 0 To 255 Between
• This address version can generate 40 Billion unique addresses

In the world of computers and networks , This IP Address and format are meaningless

• Computers and networks do not read this standard data format , This is because they can only understand binary numbers
  
• Binary digits only use 1 and 0
• This IP The binary number of the address is the string of numbers below
  

This binary number is actually readable by computers and network devices , So here's the question ： How do we learn from IP Address to get this binary number ？

IPv4 By 4 Group 8 Bit binary number composition , These arrays are called octets , Each group represents a number .

IPv6

At first, programmers thought IPv4 Can produce 40 100 million addresses are enough , But they were wrong

• IPv6 It's the next generation IP Address

The main difference is the length of the address ：

• IPv4 The address is 32 Digital address of bits , and IPv6 Yes 128 Bit 16 Base address
• 16 Hexadecimal uses numbers and letters

• Use IPv6 Can produce 3.4 ride 10 Of 38 Power （340 Back 36 Size of digits ） individual IP Address

• IPv6 It's a 128bit Of 16 Base address , It consists of 8 Group 16bit The numbers make up , Separated by colon
• Convert binary numbers to 16 Hexadecimal number , every last 16 All hexadecimal characters represent 4 The bit , A transformation 4bit Here comes a 16 Hexadecimal characters
  

Start from scratch We transform the first 4bit ----> 2

Third 4bit ----> 13 It's two digits , Use letters to indicate D

• It cannot be expressed in two digits 4bit
• 16 The two digits in hexadecimal should be 1 A letter means (A-F)
  

So this binary IPv6 The header of the address 16bit yes 26DB