Intranet de la Rez Flask web app

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Flaskintrarez
Overview

IntraRez

Application Flask de l'Intranet de la Rez.

Exigences

  • Python : Probablement >= 3.10 à terme, pour l'instant >= 3.8 suffit ;
  • Autres packages Linux : mysql-server postfix git, plus pour le déploiement : supervisor nginx ;
  • Packages Python : Voir requirements.txt, plus pour le déploiement : gunicorn pymysql cryptography ;
  • Pour le déploiement : un utilisateur Linux intrarez dédié.

Installation

Je reprends pour l'essentiel le déploiement conseillé dans le tutoriel : https://blog.miguelgrinberg.com/post/the-flask-mega-tutorial-part-xvii-deployment-on-linux

  • Installer l'application :

    cd /home/intrarez
    git clone https://github.com/GRI-ESPCI/intrarez
    cd intrarez
    python3 -m venv env
    source env/bin/activate
    pip install -r requirements.txt
    pip install gunicorn pymysql cryptography
    cp .conf_models/model.env .env
    
  • Créer et initialiser la base de données MySQL :

    sudo mysql -u root
    
    CREATE DATABASE intrarez CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin;
    CREATE USER 'intrarez'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '<mdp-db>';
    GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON intrarez.* TO 'intrarez'@'localhost';
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
    QUIT;
    flask db upgrade
    
  • Modifier le fichier .env créé depuis le modèle. Pour générer une SECRET_KEY aléatoire :

    python3 -c "import uuid; print(uuid.uuid4().hex)"
    
  • Enregistrer l'application dans les variables d'environment :

    echo "export FLASK_APP=intrarez.py" >> ~/.profile
    
  • Compiler les traductions (fichiers binaires) :

    flask translate compile
    

L'application peut alors normalement être lancée avec flask run.

On a alors une version de développement installée : flask run n'est pas approprié à de la production (peu optimisé), et il faut configurer l'accès depuis l'extérieur (même si c'est un extérieur interne, dans notre cas).

Passage en production

On utilise Gunicorn en interne : le serveur Python n'est pas accessible de l'extérieur, c'est Nginx qui lui servira les requêtes non-statiques.

Gunicorn est lancé et contrôlé par Supervisor, qui fait à peu près le travail d'un service mais en plus pratique :

sudo cp .conf_models/supervisor.conf /etc/supervisor/conf.d/intrarez.conf
sudo supervisorctl reload

Le nombre de workers de Gunicorn (le -w 4 dans le fichier de conf) peut être adapté selon la machine.

Configuration de Nginx :

sudo cp .conf_models/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/intrarez
sudo service nginx reload

Note : pour l'instant, l'application est configurée pour ne fonctionner qu'en HTTP, pas en HTTPS (problèmes de certificats en réseau interne).

Il faudra tester et voir ce qui marche mieux en terme d'avertissements des navigateurs et autres entre ça et un certificat auto-host : voir .conf_models/nginx.conf, avec

mkdir certs
openssl req -new -newkey rsa:4096 -days 365 -nodes -x509 \
  -keyout certs/key.pem -out certs/cert.pem

Compliqué d'avoir un vrai certificat, parce qu'il faut un nom de domaine associé, mais si on veut mettre des services accessibles depuis l'extérieur ce sera une étape obligée.

Mise à jour

Pour mettre à jour l'application, dans le dossier intrarez :

git pull
source env/bin/activate
supervisorctl stop intrarez
flask db upgrade
flask translate compile
sudo supervisorctl start intrarez

(côté développement, voir plus bas)

Notes de développement

Je vais ici noter pas à pas ce que je fais, pour simplifier au maximum l'appréhension du code par d'éventuels GRI futurs.

Début de l'installation

11/09/2021 - Loïc 137

Tout a été créé en suivant ce tutoriel : https://blog.miguelgrinberg.com/post/the-flask-mega-tutorial-part-i-hello-world

Requirements : je pars sur Python 3.10, parce que le nouveau statement match me fait beaucoup trop de l'oeil.

À ce jour, Python 3.10 n'est disponible qu'en version release candidate 2 (donc quasiment finale), et devrait sortir début octobre (donc avant la release de l'IntraRez).

Installation propre de plusieurs versions de Python sur un même OS : https://hackersandslackers.com/multiple-python-versions-ubuntu-20-04

Installation d'un virtual env fresh

Utilisation de SQLAlchemy 1.4 (2.x pas prêt)

Gestion des migrations de db : lors du développement d'une nouvelle version modifiant le modèle de données,

  • En local : flask db migrate -m "Migration to <version>" ;
  • Vérifier le fichier créé dans migrations/versions ;
  • flask db upgrade pour appliquer localement ;
  • (autres modifs hors db)
  • Release de la version ;
  • En prod : pull puis flask db upgrade.

Je pars sur une structure en modules (basée sur les blueprints Flask), détaillée au chapitre XV du tuto : https://blog.miguelgrinberg.com/post/the-flask-mega-tutorial-part-xv-a-better-application-structure

Application bilingue (utilisant Flask-Babel) : lorsque le code est modifié,

  • Exécuter flask translate update ;
  • Modifier/ajouter les clés de traduction dans app/translations/en/LC_MESSAGES/messages.po. Les entrées modifiées sont indiquées avec #, fuzzy : supprimer ce commentaire après avoir vérifié qu'il n'y avait pas d'erreur / modifié la traduction ;
  • Exécuter flask translate compile.
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