TorchCAM: class activation explorer
Simple way to leverage the class-specific activation of convolutional layers in PyTorch.
Quick Tour
Setting your CAM
TorchCAM leverages PyTorch hooking mechanisms to seamlessly retrieve all required information to produce the class activation without additional efforts from the user. Each CAM object acts as a wrapper around your model.
You can find the exhaustive list of supported CAM methods in the documentation, then use it as follows:
# Define your model
from torchvision.models import resnet18
model = resnet18(pretrained=True).eval()
# Set your CAM extractor
from torchcam.cams import SmoothGradCAMpp
cam_extractor = SmoothGradCAMpp(model)
Please note that by default, the layer at which the CAM is retrieved is set to the last non-reduced convolutional layer. If you wish to investigate a specific layer, use the target_layer argument in the constructor.
Retrieving the class activation map
Once your CAM extractor is set, you only need to use your model to infer on your data as usual. If any additional information is required, the extractor will get it for you automatically.
from torchvision.io.image import read_image
from torchvision.transforms.functional import normalize, resize, to_pil_image
from torchvision.models import resnet18
from torchcam.cams import SmoothGradCAMpp
model = resnet18(pretrained=True).eval()
cam_extractor = SmoothGradCAMpp(model)
# Get your input
img = read_image("path/to/your/image.png")
# Preprocess it for your chosen model
input_tensor = normalize(resize(img, (224, 224)) / 255., [0.485, 0.456, 0.406], [0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
# Preprocess your data and feed it to the model
out = model(input_tensor.unsqueeze(0))
# Retrieve the CAM by passing the class index and the model output
activation_map = cam_extractor(out.squeeze(0).argmax().item(), out)
If you want to visualize your heatmap, you only need to cast the CAM to a numpy ndarray:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# Visualize the raw CAM
plt.imshow(activation_map.numpy()); plt.axis('off'); plt.tight_layout(); plt.show()
Or if you wish to overlay it on your input image:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from torchcam.utils import overlay_mask
# Resize the CAM and overlay it
result = overlay_mask(to_pil_image(img), to_pil_image(activation_map, mode='F'), alpha=0.5)
# Display it
plt.imshow(result); plt.axis('off'); plt.tight_layout(); plt.show()
Setup
Python 3.6 (or higher) and pip/conda are required to install TorchCAM.
Stable release
You can install the last stable release of the package using pypi as follows:
pip install torchcam
or using conda:
conda install -c frgfm torchcam
Developer installation
Alternatively, if you wish to use the latest features of the project that haven't made their way to a release yet, you can install the package from source:
git clone https://github.com/frgfm/torch-cam.git
pip install -e torch-cam/.
CAM Zoo
This project is developed and maintained by the repo owner, but the implementation was based on the following research papers:
- Learning Deep Features for Discriminative Localization: the original CAM paper
- Grad-CAM: GradCAM paper, generalizing CAM to models without global average pooling.
- Grad-CAM++: improvement of GradCAM++ for more accurate pixel-level contribution to the activation.
- Smooth Grad-CAM++: SmoothGrad mechanism coupled with GradCAM.
- Score-CAM: score-weighting of class activation for better interpretability.
- SS-CAM: SmoothGrad mechanism coupled with Score-CAM.
- IS-CAM: integration-based variant of Score-CAM.
- XGrad-CAM: improved version of Grad-CAM in terms of sensitivity and conservation.
- Layer-CAM: Grad-CAM alternative leveraging pixel-wise contribution of the gradient to the activation.
What else
Documentation
The full package documentation is available here for detailed specifications.
Demo app
A minimal demo app is provided for you to play with the supported CAM methods!
You will need an extra dependency (Streamlit) for the app to run:
pip install -r demo/requirements.txt
You can then easily run your app in your default browser by running:
streamlit run demo/app.py
Example script
An example script is provided for you to benchmark the heatmaps produced by multiple CAM approaches on the same image:
python scripts/cam_example.py --model resnet18 --class-idx 232
All script arguments can be checked using python scripts/cam_example.py --help
Citation
If you wish to cite this project, feel free to use this BibTeX reference:
@misc{torcham2020,
title={TorchCAM: class activation explorer},
author={François-Guillaume Fernandez},
year={2020},
month={March},
publisher = {GitHub},
howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/frgfm/torch-cam}}
}
Contributing
Feeling like extending the range of possibilities of CAM? Or perhaps submitting a paper implementation? Any sort of contribution is greatly appreciated!
You can find a short guide in CONTRIBUTING to help grow this project!
License
Distributed under the Apache 2.0 License. See LICENSE for more information.
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