Python bindings and utilities for GeoJSON

Related tags

Geolocationpythongeojson
Overview

geojson

GitHub Actions Codecov Jazzband

This Python library contains:

Table of Contents

Installation

geojson is compatible with Python 3.6 - 3.9. The recommended way to install is via pip:

pip install geojson

GeoJSON Objects

This library implements all the GeoJSON Objects described in The GeoJSON Format Specification.

All object keys can also be used as attributes.

The objects contained in GeometryCollection and FeatureCollection can be indexed directly.

Point

>>> from geojson import Point

>>> Point((-115.81, 37.24))  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
{"coordinates": [-115.8..., 37.2...], "type": "Point"}

Visualize the result of the example above here. General information about Point can be found in Section 3.1.2 and Appendix A: Points within The GeoJSON Format Specification.

MultiPoint

>>> from geojson import MultiPoint

>>> MultiPoint([(-155.52, 19.61), (-156.22, 20.74), (-157.97, 21.46)])  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
{"coordinates": [[-155.5..., 19.6...], [-156.2..., 20.7...], [-157.9..., 21.4...]], "type": "MultiPoint"}

Visualize the result of the example above here. General information about MultiPoint can be found in Section 3.1.3 and Appendix A: MultiPoints within The GeoJSON Format Specification.

LineString

>>> from geojson import LineString

>>> LineString([(8.919, 44.4074), (8.923, 44.4075)])  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
{"coordinates": [[8.91..., 44.407...], [8.92..., 44.407...]], "type": "LineString"}

Visualize the result of the example above here. General information about LineString can be found in Section 3.1.4 and Appendix A: LineStrings within The GeoJSON Format Specification.

MultiLineString

>>> from geojson import MultiLineString

>>> MultiLineString([
...     [(3.75, 9.25), (-130.95, 1.52)],
...     [(23.15, -34.25), (-1.35, -4.65), (3.45, 77.95)]
... ])  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
{"coordinates": [[[3.7..., 9.2...], [-130.9..., 1.52...]], [[23.1..., -34.2...], [-1.3..., -4.6...], [3.4..., 77.9...]]], "type": "MultiLineString"}

Visualize the result of the example above here. General information about MultiLineString can be found in Section 3.1.5 and Appendix A: MultiLineStrings within The GeoJSON Format Specification.

Polygon

>>> from geojson import Polygon

>>> # no hole within polygon
>>> Polygon([[(2.38, 57.322), (23.194, -20.28), (-120.43, 19.15), (2.38, 57.322)]])  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
{"coordinates": [[[2.3..., 57.32...], [23.19..., -20.2...], [-120.4..., 19.1...]]], "type": "Polygon"}

>>> # hole within polygon
>>> Polygon([
...     [(2.38, 57.322), (23.194, -20.28), (-120.43, 19.15), (2.38, 57.322)],
...     [(-5.21, 23.51), (15.21, -10.81), (-20.51, 1.51), (-5.21, 23.51)]
... ])  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
{"coordinates": [[[2.3..., 57.32...], [23.19..., -20.2...], [-120.4..., 19.1...]], [[-5.2..., 23.5...], [15.2..., -10.8...], [-20.5..., 1.5...], [-5.2..., 23.5...]]], "type": "Polygon"}

Visualize the results of the example above here. General information about Polygon can be found in Section 3.1.6 and Appendix A: Polygons within The GeoJSON Format Specification.

MultiPolygon

>>> from geojson import MultiPolygon

>>> MultiPolygon([
...     ([(3.78, 9.28), (-130.91, 1.52), (35.12, 72.234), (3.78, 9.28)],),
...     ([(23.18, -34.29), (-1.31, -4.61), (3.41, 77.91), (23.18, -34.29)],)
... ])  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
{"coordinates": [[[[3.7..., 9.2...], [-130.9..., 1.5...], [35.1..., 72.23...]]], [[[23.1..., -34.2...], [-1.3..., -4.6...], [3.4..., 77.9...]]]], "type": "MultiPolygon"}

Visualize the result of the example above here. General information about MultiPolygon can be found in Section 3.1.7 and Appendix A: MultiPolygons within The GeoJSON Format Specification.

GeometryCollection

>>> from geojson import GeometryCollection, Point, LineString

>>> my_point = Point((23.532, -63.12))

>>> my_line = LineString([(-152.62, 51.21), (5.21, 10.69)])

>>> geo_collection = GeometryCollection([my_point, my_line])

>>> geo_collection  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
{"geometries": [{"coordinates": [23.53..., -63.1...], "type": "Point"}, {"coordinates": [[-152.6..., 51.2...], [5.2..., 10.6...]], "type": "LineString"}], "type": "GeometryCollection"}

>>> geo_collection[1]
{"coordinates": [[-152.62, 51.21], [5.21, 10.69]], "type": "LineString"}

>>> geo_collection[0] == geo_collection.geometries[0]
True

Visualize the result of the example above here. General information about GeometryCollection can be found in Section 3.1.8 and Appendix A: GeometryCollections within The GeoJSON Format Specification.

Feature

>>> from geojson import Feature, Point

>>> my_point = Point((-3.68, 40.41))

>>> Feature(geometry=my_point)  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
{"geometry": {"coordinates": [-3.68..., 40.4...], "type": "Point"}, "properties": {}, "type": "Feature"}

>>> Feature(geometry=my_point, properties={"country": "Spain"})  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
{"geometry": {"coordinates": [-3.68..., 40.4...], "type": "Point"}, "properties": {"country": "Spain"}, "type": "Feature"}

>>> Feature(geometry=my_point, id=27)  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
{"geometry": {"coordinates": [-3.68..., 40.4...], "type": "Point"}, "id": 27, "properties": {}, "type": "Feature"}

Visualize the results of the examples above here. General information about Feature can be found in Section 3.2 within The GeoJSON Format Specification.

FeatureCollection

>>> from geojson import Feature, Point, FeatureCollection

>>> my_feature = Feature(geometry=Point((1.6432, -19.123)))

>>> my_other_feature = Feature(geometry=Point((-80.234, -22.532)))

>>> feature_collection = FeatureCollection([my_feature, my_other_feature])

>>> feature_collection # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
{"features": [{"geometry": {"coordinates": [1.643..., -19.12...], "type": "Point"}, "properties": {}, "type": "Feature"}, {"geometry": {"coordinates": [-80.23..., -22.53...], "type": "Point"}, "properties": {}, "type": "Feature"}], "type": "FeatureCollection"}

>>> feature_collection.errors()
[]

>>> (feature_collection[0] == feature_collection['features'][0], feature_collection[1] == my_other_feature)
(True, True)

Visualize the result of the example above here. General information about FeatureCollection can be found in Section 3.3 within The GeoJSON Format Specification.

GeoJSON encoding/decoding

All of the GeoJSON Objects implemented in this library can be encoded and decoded into raw GeoJSON with the geojson.dump, geojson.dumps, geojson.load, and geojson.loads functions. Note that each of these functions is a wrapper around the core json function with the same name, and will pass through any additional arguments. This allows you to control the JSON formatting or parsing behavior with the underlying core json functions.

>>> import geojson

>>> my_point = geojson.Point((43.24, -1.532))

>>> my_point  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
{"coordinates": [43.2..., -1.53...], "type": "Point"}

>>> dump = geojson.dumps(my_point, sort_keys=True)

>>> dump  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
'{"coordinates": [43.2..., -1.53...], "type": "Point"}'

>>> geojson.loads(dump)  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
{"coordinates": [43.2..., -1.53...], "type": "Point"}

Custom classes

This encoding/decoding functionality shown in the previous can be extended to custom classes using the interface described by the __geo_interface__ Specification.

>>> import geojson

>>> class MyPoint():
...     def __init__(self, x, y):
...         self.x = x
...         self.y = y
...
...     @property
...     def __geo_interface__(self):
...         return {'type': 'Point', 'coordinates': (self.x, self.y)}

>>> point_instance = MyPoint(52.235, -19.234)

>>> geojson.dumps(point_instance, sort_keys=True)  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
'{"coordinates": [52.23..., -19.23...], "type": "Point"}'

Default and custom precision

GeoJSON Object-based classes in this package have an additional precision attribute which rounds off coordinates to 6 decimal places (roughly 0.1 meters) by default and can be customized per object instance.

>>> from geojson import Point

>>> Point((-115.123412341234, 37.123412341234))  # rounded to 6 decimal places by default
{"coordinates": [-115.123412, 37.123412], "type": "Point"}

>>> Point((-115.12341234, 37.12341234), precision=8)  # rounded to 8 decimal places
{"coordinates": [-115.12341234, 37.12341234], "type": "Point"}

Helpful utilities

coords

geojson.utils.coords yields all coordinate tuples from a geometry or feature object.

>>> import geojson

>>> my_line = LineString([(-152.62, 51.21), (5.21, 10.69)])

>>> my_feature = geojson.Feature(geometry=my_line)

>>> list(geojson.utils.coords(my_feature))  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
[(-152.62..., 51.21...), (5.21..., 10.69...)]

map_coords

geojson.utils.map_coords maps a function over all coordinate values and returns a geometry of the same type. Useful for scaling a geometry.

>>> import geojson

>>> new_point = geojson.utils.map_coords(lambda x: x/2, geojson.Point((-115.81, 37.24)))

>>> geojson.dumps(new_point, sort_keys=True)  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
'{"coordinates": [-57.905..., 18.62...], "type": "Point"}'

map_tuples

geojson.utils.map_tuples maps a function over all coordinates and returns a geometry of the same type. Useful for changing coordinate order or applying coordinate transforms.

>>> import geojson

>>> new_point = geojson.utils.map_tuples(lambda c: (c[1], c[0]), geojson.Point((-115.81, 37.24)))

>>> geojson.dumps(new_point, sort_keys=True)  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
'{"coordinates": [37.24..., -115.81], "type": "Point"}'

map_geometries

geojson.utils.map_geometries maps a function over each geometry in the input.

>>> import geojson

>>> new_point = geojson.utils.map_geometries(lambda g: geojson.MultiPoint([g["coordinates"]]), geojson.GeometryCollection([geojson.Point((-115.81, 37.24))]))

>>> geojson.dumps(new_point, sort_keys=True)
'{"geometries": [{"coordinates": [[-115.81, 37.24]], "type": "MultiPoint"}], "type": "GeometryCollection"}'

validation

is_valid property provides simple validation of GeoJSON objects.

>>> import geojson

>>> obj = geojson.Point((-3.68,40.41,25.14,10.34))
>>> obj.is_valid
False

errors method provides collection of errors when validation GeoJSON objects.

>>> import geojson

>>> obj = geojson.Point((-3.68,40.41,25.14,10.34))
>>> obj.errors()
'a position must have exactly 2 or 3 values'

generate_random

geojson.utils.generate_random yields a geometry type with random data

>>> import geojson

>>> geojson.utils.generate_random("LineString")  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
{"coordinates": [...], "type": "LineString"}

>>> geojson.utils.generate_random("Polygon")  # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
{"coordinates": [...], "type": "Polygon"}

Development

To build this project, run python setup.py build. To run the unit tests, run python setup.py test. To run the style checks, run flake8 (install flake8 if needed).

Credits

Owner
Jazzband
Jazzband
GitHub Repository https://pypi.python.org/pypi/geojson/
Geocode rows in a SQLite database table

Geocode rows in a SQLite database table

Chris Amico 225 Dec 08, 2022
Specification for storing geospatial vector data (point, line, polygon) in Parquet

GeoParquet About This repository defines how to store geospatial vector data (point, lines, polygons) in Apache Parquet, a popular columnar storage fo

Open Geospatial Consortium 449 Dec 27, 2022
Read and write rasters in parallel using Rasterio and Dask

dask-rasterio dask-rasterio provides some methods for reading and writing rasters in parallel using Rasterio and Dask arrays. Usage Read a multiband r

Dymaxion Labs 85 Aug 30, 2022
Rasterio reads and writes geospatial raster datasets

Rasterio Rasterio reads and writes geospatial raster data. Geographic information systems use GeoTIFF and other formats to organize and store gridded,

Mapbox 1.9k Jan 07, 2023
Logging the position of the car on an sdcard

audi-mmi-3g-gps-logging Logging the position of the car on an sdcard, startup script origin not clear to me, logging setup and time change is what I d

2 May 31, 2022
leafmap - A Python package for geospatial analysis and interactive mapping in a Jupyter environment.

A Python package for geospatial analysis and interactive mapping with minimal coding in a Jupyter environment

Qiusheng Wu 1.4k Jan 02, 2023
Focal Statistics

Focal-Statistics The Focal statistics tool in many GIS applications like ArcGIS, QGIS and GRASS GIS is a standard method to gain a local overview of r

Ifeanyi Nwasolu 1 Oct 21, 2021
Example of animated maps in matplotlib + geopandas using entire time series of congressional district maps from UCLA archive. rendered, interactive version below

Example of animated maps in matplotlib + geopandas using entire time series of congressional district maps from UCLA archive. rendered, interactive version below

Apoorva Lal 5 May 18, 2022
GeoNode is an open source platform that facilitates the creation, sharing, and collaborative use of geospatial data.

Table of Contents What is GeoNode? Try out GeoNode Install Learn GeoNode Development Contributing Roadmap Showcase Most useful links Licensing What is

GeoNode Development Team 1.2k Dec 26, 2022
gjf: A tool for fixing invalid GeoJSON objects

gjf: A tool for fixing invalid GeoJSON objects The goal of this tool is to make it as easy as possible to fix invalid GeoJSON objects through Python o

Yazeed Almuqwishi 91 Dec 06, 2022
Python interface to PROJ (cartographic projections and coordinate transformations library)

pyproj Python interface to PROJ (cartographic projections and coordinate transformations library). Documentation Stable: http://pyproj4.github.io/pypr

832 Dec 31, 2022
Pure Python NetCDF file reader and writer

Pyncf Pure Python NetCDF file reading and writing. Introduction Inspired by the pyshp library, which provides simple pythonic and dependency free data

Karim Bahgat 14 Sep 30, 2022
glTF to 3d Tiles Converter. Convert glTF model to Glb, b3dm or 3d tiles format.

gltf-to-3d-tiles glTF to 3d Tiles Converter. Convert glTF model to Glb, b3dm or 3d tiles format. Usage λ python main.py --help Usage: main.py [OPTION

58 Dec 27, 2022
Raster-based Spatial Analysis for Python

🌍 xarray-spatial: Raster-Based Spatial Analysis in Python 📍 Fast, Accurate Python library for Raster Operations ⚡ Extensible with Numba ⏩ Scalable w

makepath 649 Jan 01, 2023
Histogram matching plugin for rasterio

rio-hist Histogram matching plugin for rasterio. Provides a CLI and python module for adjusting colors based on histogram matching in a variety of col

Mapbox 75 Sep 23, 2022
Simulation and Parameter Estimation in Geophysics

Simulation and Parameter Estimation in Geophysics - A python package for simulation and gradient based parameter estimation in the context of geophysical applications.

SimPEG 390 Dec 15, 2022
User friendly Rasterio plugin to read raster datasets.

rio-tiler User friendly Rasterio plugin to read raster datasets. Documentation: https://cogeotiff.github.io/rio-tiler/ Source Code: https://github.com

372 Dec 23, 2022
When traveling in the backcountry during winter time, updating yourself on current and recent weather data is important to understand likely avalanche danger.

Weather Data When traveling in the backcountry during winter time, updating yourself on current and recent weather data is important to understand lik

Trevor Allen 0 Jan 02, 2022
Python Data. Leaflet.js Maps.

folium Python Data, Leaflet.js Maps folium builds on the data wrangling strengths of the Python ecosystem and the mapping strengths of the Leaflet.js

6k Jan 02, 2023
WhiteboxTools Python Frontend

whitebox-python Important Note This repository is related to the WhiteboxTools Python Frontend only. You can report issues to this repo if you have pr

Qiusheng Wu 304 Dec 15, 2022