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Why should you consider using prism

2022-07-01 17:03:00 【New titanium cloud suit】

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Prisma Is rapidly becoming my first choice ORM frame , There's a reason . Before we create a web Project time , Setting up a linked database has always been a tedious task . although ORM It's been around for a while , And in most cases, this process has been simplified . However , They always seem to be lacking in some aspect .

For a developer , every last ORM frame , Usually, some developers hope it can do better . But for me , it This design pattern brings me the ability to quickly view and edit data .Prisma While solving these problems for me, I also solved some problems I didn't know .

What is? Prisma

Prisma Call yourself the next generation Node.js、TypeScript、Go The database of ORM frame

Prisma Is an open source database tool chain project , Help developers build applications faster and reduce errors , Support PostgreSQL、MySQL、MongoDB、SQL Server and SQLite.

Prisma Schema

Prisma At the heart of it is through Primsa Schema File to define the data model . It uses a method called PSL（Prisma Schema Language） Attribute language , It takes a few minutes to get familiar with .Schema The document has three main components .

The first is your data source datasource, This configuration database URL And database types . under these circumstances ,provider Used to indicate the type of database used . As shown below ：

datasource db {
url     = env("DATABASE_URL")
provider = "postgresql"
}

The next part is the generator （Generator） Field . This field specifies what clients should be generated according to the data model . This function is how you use Prisma Generated client CRUD. We will introduce these later , This part looks like this ：

generator client {
provider = "prisma-client-js"
}

Last , We need to define our application model data model （Data model） Fields in the database , This will be the focus of this document . Here you create the mapping relationship between your application model and data . This part also needs the longest time to adapt , However , It will still look familiar .PSL Not creating ordinary JS object , Instead, format the model in a different way , But all fields interact in the same way as you are used to . The following is an example of a user model ：

model User {
id       Int     @id @default(autoincrement())
createdAt DateTime @default(now())
email     String   @unique
name     String?
role     Role     @default(USER)
posts     Post[]
}

We have one user model with six fields ,"id " It's an integer , It has a default value and increases automatically . There are also some standard , The rest of the 、 The only type attribute you can use is Official documents ) Explore in . Your next question may be " How the relationship between models works ？", Fortunately, they are quite easy to understand . The following is a model of user posts .

model Post {
id       Int     @id @default(autoincrement())
createdAt DateTime @default(now())
updatedAt DateTime @updatedAt
published Boolean @default(false)
title     String   @db.VarChar(255)
author   User?   @relation(fields: [authorId], references: [id])
authorId Int?
}

This association is defined in the author field of the post . The meaning is very simple ,author Field is a user , It refers to the user model User. Then we create an association , Use the post model Post Fields on "authorId " Reference user model User Medium "id " Field .

The last big problem to solve is to keep your database synchronized with your defined model ,Prisma adopt Prisma Migrate Do this . This is a simple command line , You can migrate your database with any changes you may have , For details, please refer to Migration function of official documents .<a name="v8LM3"></a>

CRUD

Remember your Prisma Schema Generator in file Generator part , Here is where you want to use . Yours Generator Block is Prisma Something used to decide how to build its client . It is built for type safe query of your data . This means that the operation function of querying your query data will become easier to understand and use .

const newUser = await prisma.user.create({
 data: {
   name: 'Alice',
   email: '[email protected]',
},
})
const users = await prisma.user.findMany()

This is an example of creating and finding users . When generating a client for your data ,Prisma Add methods to Prisma In the object , It is completely related to your data . Continue to take users and posts as examples , We will also be able to do this .

prisma.post.create()

If you want to learn more about more complex query operations , Please check here .<a name="DrufO"></a>

Prisma The benefits of

Introspection

Here are at least two features that let me at least consider it , For any project , Even those I'm already using different ORM Project .Introspection It's a function , It allows you to use the database you have created to generate a match with your database Prisma Pattern . therefore , If you have a database that has been set up in the way you like , But I want to try Prisma, This process is seamless and simple . Yours Prisma Schema The file has been generated , You can start using Prisma. All this is done in a single command .

prisma db pull

Prisma Studio

Prisma Also created a local web client , You can change or update the data at any time .Prisma Studio It's very good to test for quickly checking data or changing something . It may not be like PgAdmin or MySql Workbench So advanced , But it still provides enough choices for most database work . The only thing I'm not satisfied with is , You can't use Sanity So customize the appearance interface .