[today in history] June 25: the father of notebook was born; Windows 98 release; First commercial use of generic product code

Arrangement | Wang Qilong

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It's today 2022 year 6 month 25 Japan , stay 1951 Years of today , The world's first color TV program was broadcast . Television has developed for many years , With the advent of the Internet, the ways of human entertainment have become diverse ; And by the 2014 Years of today , Google released Android TV, The era of smart TV has officially begun , The world is exploring the application of the Internet of things , Major manufacturers began to research their own intelligent assistants . Review the history of science and Technology 6 month 25 Japan , What other key events have happened on this day ？

1943 year 6 month 25 Japan ： The father of notebook computers Bill Moggridge born

bill · Mogerich （Bill Moggridge） Born in 1943 year 6 month 25 Japan , He is a British designer 、 Writers and educators , Co founded a design company IDEO , And served as the National Design Museum in New York Cooper-Hewitt The curator of . He was a pioneer in adopting a people-oriented approach to design , It also advocates that interaction design should be the mainstream design discipline . And he invented the term （ Interaction design ） And be praised . Mogerich designed the world's first notebook computer GRiD Compass, Won the lifetime achievement award of the National Design Award , And won the Prince Philip Designer Award . To quote himself ：“ If there is a simple principle that combines everything I do , That is my interest in people and their relationship to things .”

Picture source ： Wikipedia

Morglitch had been a designer in London in his early days , His first industrial design to enter the market was 1970 A toaster designed for Hoover, England in .1972 year , He started his first computer related project , The small computer of British Computer Technology Co., Ltd , But never produced . Mogerich Yu 1979 Back in the United States , Then another office was opened , be known as ID Two, Originally located in Palo Alto, California .ID Two Early customers were GRiD Systems, Mogerich designed for them what is widely regarded as the world's first notebook computer GRiD Compass.

GRiD Compass It is the first portable computer with a closed keyboard display , This is a GRiD Licensing years of patented innovation .1982 year , The designer Mike Nuttall Join from the London office ID Two, And for Convergent Technologies Working on another laptop project WorkSlate . Due to potential conflicts of interest ,Nuttall Finally left ID Two, He also set up his own company in Palo Alto Matrix Product Design. in the meantime , Mogerich also began teaching in the product design program at Stanford University , There he met his own engineering company David Kelley Design Of colleagues David Kelley.

1991 year ,Moggridge And David Kelley and Mike Nuttall Become IDEO Co-founder of , Four companies merged into one .Moggridge stay IDEO Stay until 2010 year , At that time he was appointed IDEO researcher .2010 year 3 month ,Moggridge Leave IDEO, Become the curator of the National Design Museum in New York City , He was also the first curator without a museum background . Mogerich Yu 2012 year 9 month 8 Died of cancer in hospice care in San Francisco on the th , At the age of 69 year .

source ： Wikipedia

1974 year 6 month 25 Japan ： First commercial use of generic product code

Picture source ： Wikipedia

General product code （Universal Product Code）, abbreviation UPC, It is a kind of commodity bar code mainly used in the United States and Canada . The most widely used in the world is EAN（European Article Number, European commodity code ）, By Europe in UPC Based on the code , What our country uses is EAN. Today's common bar codes are divided by prefixes 、 Manufacturer code 、 Commodity code and verification code , total 13 position .

UPC Is in IBM Norman, the company engineer · Woodland's ring code is based on the birth of .1966 year , The national food chain association of America （National Association of Food Chains,NAFC） It is required to develop equipment to speed up the acceptance of goods , National cash register （National Cash Register,IBM The predecessor of the company ） stay 1967 In, a new concentric ring code was developed to replace the woodland bull eye code .1970 In the summer , At the request of the National Food Chain Association ,Logicon The company has developed a unified code for the food industry （Universal Grocery Products Identification Code,UGPIC）, And they are based on IBM George · Laurel's design .

Soon , American supermarkets Ad Hoc Organized in Logicon The company made UPC. The Uniform Code Council of the United States is in 1973 The year was established. UPC System , And realize the standardization of the code system .UPC First, try it out in grocery retailing ,1974 year 6 month 25 Japan , Ohio Marsh The supermarket has been installed by NCR The first one made UPC Scanner . In the use of UPC Of 27 Among the commodities , The first to be cashiers Salon · Buchanan （Sharon Buchanan） It's the price tag 69 A dime pack of Wrigley gum . In ten years , Bar code scanners take up half of American supermarkets . to 1989 year , To reach food stores across the United States 62%. Studies have shown that ,UPC The adoption and dissemination of has stimulated innovation and contributed to the growth of the international retail supply chain .

source ： Wikipedia

1998 year 6 month 25 Japan ：Windows 98 Release

Picture source ： Wikipedia

Windows 98 It's Microsoft. 1998 The computer operating system launched in , It's based on DOS Of mixed 16 position /32 position Windows System , It's also Windows 9x Part of a series , The version number is 4.1, The development code is Memphis. On 1998 year 5 month 15 issue RTM edition , The retail version is on 6 month 25 issue .Win 98 be based on Windows 95 Compiling , It improves support for hardware standards , for example MMX and AGP. Other features include FAT32 File system support 、 Multiple monitors 、Web TV Support for . Integrated into the Windows Graphical user interface Internet Explorer It's called active desktop （Active Desktop）.

In memory management ,Win 98 improvement Windows 95 Mixed storage in the same storage block 16 Bit and 32 Bit program code , It is easy to cause a program error, which will cause the whole system to crash . from Windows 98 Start , There are innovative advances in storage management , That is, will 16 Bit and 32 Bit program codes are placed in different memory blocks for execution , Once an error occurs in an application , You can close the program individually , It will not affect the continuous normal operation of the whole system . and Windows 98 The most famous innovation is the multitasking operating system , This is related to Windows 95 Preemptive multitasking has a completely different improvement . It can be decided by the user to evenly allocate system resources for multi task operation , Or will one be less eager to reach 、 Or a program that takes a long time to complete is set as the background （ backstage ） perform , Highly increases the practicality of multitasking . This design has been used till now .

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