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个体工商户是不是法人企业
2022-06-12 05:23:00 【创客家】
一、个体工商户是不是法人企业
个体工商户不是法人企业。个体工商户是我国特殊的民事主体,在司法实践当中“个体工商户”作为“自然人”的特殊形态存在,并不属于其他组织。
个体工商户与法人的区别如下:
1 投资主体不同,法人的投资主体可以是自然人,也可以是法人,在我国,目前除了公司法人以外,还有国有企业法人、集体企业法人等企业法人的种类。随着我国以公司制为主的现代企业制度的逐步建立,今后我国企业法人主要也是指公司法人。例如有限责任公司即是企业法人。;个体工商户的投资主体只能是自然人。

2 设立条件不同,法人注册资本最低限额为人民币10万元,股东应当一次缴纳公司章程规定的出资额;个体工商户的设立并没有法定注册资本最低限额的限制,只需出资人申报出资即可。有限责任公司的货币出资金额不得低于有限责任公司注册资本的30%,而个体工商户对出资形式未做出任何强制性规定。
3 财务核算要求不同,法人应当在每一会计年度终了时编制财务会计报告,并经会计师事务所审计;个体工商户则只需依法设置会计帐簿来进行会计核算,无需经会计师事务所审计。
4 税收征缴规定不同,法人按照税法规定,需要缴纳企业所得税,而个体工商户不需要交纳企业所得税,只需要缴纳个人所得税。《国务院关于个人独资企业和合伙企业征收个人所得税问题的通知》规定,个人独资企业和合伙企业从2000年1月1日起,停止征收企业所得税,比照个体工商户生产经营所得征收个人所得税。

二、个体工商户有哪些权利和义务
(一)个体工商户和私营企业依法享有下列权利:
1、对核准登记的名称在规定范围内的专用权;
2、对自有资产的占有权、经营权、处分权、收益权;
3、依法取得土地使用权,用于生产经营;
4、在银行及其他金融机构设立帐户,申请贷款;
5、在核准登记的范围内自主生产经营;
6、自主决定用工形式、职工工资分配方式和工资水平,但不得低于本市规定的最低工资标准;
7、依照国家和省价格管理规定自主制定商品价格和服务收费标准;
8、按照规定参加国家专业技术职称评定和职业技能资格认定,决定企业内部职称和职业技能评聘;
9、申报国家科研课题、开发项目;
10、申请专利权、商标专用权及其他知识产权;
11、法律、法规规定的其他权利。
(二)个体工商户和私营企业应当依法履行下列义务:
1、在核准登记的范围内从事生产经营活动,遵守职业道德,文明经营;
2、按时足额缴纳税、费;
3、亮照、亮证经营;
4、使用法定计量单位和器具,明码标价;
5、法律、法规规定的其他义务。

三、个体工商户的特征
个体工商户是个体工商业经济在法律上的表现,其具有以下特征:
1、个体工商户是从事工商业经营的自然人或家庭。自然人或以个人为单位,或以家庭为单位从事工商业经营,均为个体工商户。根据法律有关政策,可以申请个体工商户经营的主要是城镇待业青年、社会闲散人员和农村村民。此外,国家机关干部、企事业单位职工,不能申请从事个体工商业经营。
2、自然人从事个体工商业经营必须依法核准登记。个体工商户的登记机关是县以上工商行政管理机关。个体工商户经核准登记,取得营业执照后,才可以开始经营。个体工商户转业、合并、变更登记事项或歇业,也应办理登记手续。
3、个体工商户只能经营法律、政策允许个体经营的行业。
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