Jenkins - Pipeline concept and creation method

introduction

Jenkins It's the realization of CI/CD Tools for ,CI/CD It can be regarded as a flow process , How to string up flow operations and carry them out in an orderly manner , This involves Jenkins Pipeline, Reference resources Jenkins Pipelien Official website , This article will introduce some information about Jenkins Pipeline The concept and creation of , Specifically Pipeline The grammar of... Will not be involved , We will describe in detail in the next section .

Summary ：

1. What is? Jenkins Pipeline
2. Jenkins Pipeline How it was created
   Blue Ocean
   UI Interface
   SCM

What is? Jenkins Pipeline

Jenkins Pipeline It's a set of plug-ins , It supports the implementation and integration of continuous delivery pipeline jobs to Jenkins.Pipeline Provides a set of extensible tools , Used by Pipeline Domain specific language （DSL） The simple to complex delivery pipeline is modeled as “ Code ”.

Jenkins 1.x Only through the boundary ⼿ Dynamic description deployment Pipeline.
Jenkins 2.x Start ⽀ a Pipeline as code, The deployment flow can be described in code ⽔ Line .

Pipeline Two kinds of grammar are supported ：Declarative declarative （ stay Pipeline 2.5 introduce ） and Scripted Scripted Pipeline . Both syntaxes support building continuous delivery Pipeline . Both can be used in web UI or Jenkinsfile In the definition of Pipeline , However, it is generally believed that creating a Jenkinsfile And checking it into the source control repository is a best practice , Easier version control , Teamwork , code reuse .

Groovy Script language ⾔ Be treated as Pipeline Default language for , Use Groovy Language combination DSL The developed script is called Jenkinsfile.Jenkinsfile File to save task configuration and pipeline information . Both declarative and scripted pipelines are DSL Language , Used to describe a part of the software delivery pipeline . Scripted pipelining is a form of restriction Groovy Grammatically written .Jenkins Not supported by default Jenkinsfile, Need to install Pipleline plug-in unit ,Jenkins The recommended plug-ins installed by default during deployment include Pipeline plug-in unit .

The following figure is an example of the continuous delivery pipelined operation mode ：

Jenkins Pipeline How it was created

There are three ways to create Pipeline, Namely Blue Ocean,UI Interface and SCM, Of course, the preconditions are Jenkins Environment and installed Pipeline plug-in unit .

Blue Ocean establish Pipeline

Blue Ocean Is a plug-in , It is also a skin plug-in . It's a project , To study the next generation Jenkins Of UI Interface or better user experience . To put it bluntly , You can understand it as a skin changing plug-in .

1. install Blue Ocean plug-in unit
   First, through Manage Jenkins -> Plugin Manageer Installation
   
2. visit Blue Ocean
   After successful installation ,Jenkins Click... On the home page Open Blue Ocean
   
3. establish Pipeline
   Locally deployed Jenkins, Want to create a store in Git Of Pipeline, The page is too slow , And gave up . By the way , Generally deployed by the company Jenkins, Ordinary users may not have permission to pass Blue Ocean Plug in creation Pipeline. Be careful , adopt Blue Ocean Created Pipeline It's actually a multibranch Pipeline, Will be for repository On each branch All create a Jenkinsfile.
   
   choice Git
   

UI Interface to create Pipeline

Created in this way Jenkinsfile Is stored in the Jenkins Oneself （Jenkins home directory）

1. New Item
   
2. Input name , And select Pipeline type
   
3. Drop it down to Pipeline Tab, Default choice Pipeline script
   Here is a choice Hello Word Of sample
   
4. Save it , Can Build 了
   
5. Console Output
   

SCM establish Pipeline

utilize UI Interface to create complex Pipeline, Inconvenient to write and maintain scripts . For convenience ,Pipeline Jenkinsfile You can use a text editor or IDE Write submit to SCM （Source Control Manager), Jenkins It can be downloaded from SCM Take out Jenkinsfile And implement Pipeline Script .

Jenkins The configuration is as follows , repeat UI In the interface 1-2 step , The first 3 Step , Drop it down to Pipeline Tab, choice Pipeline script from SCM, To configure Repository, And Jenkinsfile The path of .