Cobbler is easy to use

cobbler brief introduction

cobbler What is it? ？
    cobbler Is based on pxe Bottom use python Write a fast network installation operating system service .
         Support a lot of Linux Distribution version ：Red Hat、Fedora、CentOS、Debian、Ubuntu and SuSE, Can also support network installation windows.

cobbler Core content

1. Installation tree 
	repo +yum
	
2. System image 
	
3.pxe guide 
	vmlinuz+initrd.img

4.ks Script 
	Kickstart

 Automatic installation = Installation tree  + pxe guide  + System image  +ks Script 

cobbler Implementation architecture

1. need  dhcpd 		 distribution IP+ Boot address 
2. need  tftp		     share pxe Boot file 
3. need  xinted         start-up tftp
4. need  apache         Shared installation tree 
5. need  cobbler Components      Simplify the installation process 

Realization cobbler

Prepare the environment

0. a centos7 host ,IP by 192.168.1.20, Customize nat Network mode 

1. Turn off the firewall and selinux
	systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld && setenforce 0

2. Empty old  yum  Source 
	cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
	rm -rf *

3. add to  aliyun  Source 
	wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo	

4. add to  epel  Extended source 
	yum install -y https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

5.yum  cache 
	yum clean all
	yum makecache

cobbler install

1. install cobbler Components 
	 yum install cobbler dhcp dhcp-common tftp tftp-server xinetd syslinux pykickstart debmirror -y

2. modify cobbler Basic configuration 
	vi /etc/cobbler/settings 
		manage_dhcp: 0  				//0 Human management DHCP,1 by cobbler management 
		manage_tftpd: 0
		server: 192.168.1.20			// Appoint cobbler Listening port 
		next_server: 192.168.1.20		// Specify the installation tree address 


3. Start component services 
	systemctl start httpd
	systemctl start cobblerd
	
4.cobbler Self check and modify according to the prompts 
	cobbler  check

5. Restart after modification as required cobbler service 
	systemctl restart cobblerd.service 
	cobbler sync		// Refresh cobbler To configure 

 It's already in  /var/lib/tftpboot Directory generation is based on pxe Start related files 

cobbler Use

1. modify dhcp The configuration file 
	vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

option domain-name "example.org";
option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;

default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;

log-facility local7;

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.120;
option routers 192.168.1.2;
option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;
filename "pxelinux.0";
}

2. start-up dhcpd,xinetd,tftp

3. Mount the cd-rom 
	mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/

4. stay cobbler Import centos7 Mirror image  
	cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=centos7

5. Execute once after successful import sync
	cobbler sync

6. Here you can realize the basic automatic installation system , because  DHCP The distribution service is ready ,tftp Inside  pxe  The boot file also exists , System image   stay cobbler When importing, you have made a 
 The system image is copied to  /var/www/cobbler  Operations under the directory  , Therefore, the machine to be installed can be accessed through the network   What needs to be installed   System image .
 meanwhile cobbler  Have their own default ks Script files , You can complete the automated installation without manually specifying the automation .

7. Create a new virtual machine and try to install the system  , Memory must be 2g  above , Not enough will lead to mistakes 

cobbler customized profile

1. Because it is impossible to use the default installation script in the production environment , So you need to customize it according to your requirements  ks  Script to encapsulate a profile , That is, the system image .

2.ks By default, there is one file in the home directory  anaconda-ks.cfg , You can use this as a template .

3. The installation tree is located at  http://192.168.1.20/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7/

4. modify  anaconda-ks.cfg
	vi anaconda-ks.cfg
			 increase ：url --url=http://192.168.1.20/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7/
			 increase ：reboot
			 Delete ：network  --bootproto=static --device=ens33 --gateway=192.168.1.2 --ip=192.168.1.11 --nameserver=114.114.114.114 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --ipv6=auto --activate
			 Save and exit ：wq

5.ks  The file is fixed in  /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/

6. Move  ks  file   to  /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/
	mv anaconda-ks.cfg  /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/

7. establish profile
	cobbler profile add --distro=centos7-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/anaconda-ks.cfg --name=profile_centos7

8.cobbler  Refresh configuration 
	cobbler sync

9. Create a new virtual machine test installation system , Call it a day .