关于线程池需要注意的几点

关于线程池需要注意的几点

指定线程名，异常处理

自定义ThreadFactory指定

public static final ThreadPoolExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(1, 2, 1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>(), (r) -> {
    
    Thread thread = new Thread(r);
    thread.setName("xxxx-pool-" + atomicInteger.getAndIncrement());
    thread.setUncaughtExceptionHandler((t, e) -> {
    
        loggerHelper.errorLog(t.getName() + " 线程处理异常 : " + e.getMessage());
        e.printStackTrace();
        System.out.println(t.getName() + " 线程处理异常 : " + e.getMessage());

    });
    return thread;
}, new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy());

ThreadPoolTaskExecutor 前缀指定方式

 AtomicInteger atomicInteger = new AtomicInteger();

        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize);
        executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize);
        executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity);
		// 前缀指定方式
        //executor.setThreadNamePrefix("xxxx");

        // rejection-policy：当pool已经达到max size的时候，如何处理新任务
        // CALLER_RUNS：不在新线程中执行任务，而是有调用者所在的线程来执行
        executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
        executor.initialize();
        executor.setThreadFactory((runnable)->{
    
            Thread t = new Thread(runnable);
            t.setName(threadNamePrefix + atomicInteger.getAndIncrement());
            t.setUncaughtExceptionHandler((th, e) -> {
    
                loggerHelper.errorLog(th.getName() + " xxxxxx 线程处理异常 : " + e.getMessage());
                e.printStackTrace();
            });

            return t;
        });

        return executor;

线程池线程默认构造

    static class DefaultThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {
    
        private static final AtomicInteger poolNumber = new AtomicInteger(1);
        private final ThreadGroup group;
        private final AtomicInteger threadNumber = new AtomicInteger(1);
        private final String namePrefix;

        DefaultThreadFactory() {
    
            SecurityManager s = System.getSecurityManager();
            group = (s != null) ? s.getThreadGroup() :
                                  Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup();
            namePrefix = "pool-" +
                          poolNumber.getAndIncrement() +
                         "-thread-";
        }

        public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
    
            Thread t = new Thread(group, r,
                                  namePrefix + threadNumber.getAndIncrement(),
                                  0);
            if (t.isDaemon())
                t.setDaemon(false);
            if (t.getPriority() != Thread.NORM_PRIORITY)
                t.setPriority(Thread.NORM_PRIORITY);
            return t;
        }
    }

线程池队列类型待探讨指定

SynchronousQueue队列 适用场景：
执行时间很短的任务

特点： 执行时间很短的任务，无容量队列，提交一个任务创建一个线程。

使用 SynchronousQueue队列，特点是没有容量，没有线程是放不进去的。

对于执行时间较长任务，建议使用有界阻塞队列ArrayBlockingQueue,LinkedBlockingQueue建议指定容量

线程池线程数，以及针对不同业务线程池

core核心数和最大核心数根据实际业务来设置，具体需要压测测试

线程池关闭问题(局部变量，切记关闭线程池)

否则请求一次会线程数增长，core不会被回收

测试示例

    static void test(){
    
        //方法内 定义线程池
        ExecutorService pool = new org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor(1, 2, 10, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
                new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>(),
                Executors.defaultThreadFactory(),
                new org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy());

        pool.execute(()->{
    
            System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis());
        });
      // 打开和关闭测试
       // pool.shutdown();

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
    
        while (true){
    
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
            test();
        }

    }

使用visualVm可以观察进程线程数是否处于稳定

关闭线程

pool.shutdown(); //设置中断标志，等待执行任务线程执行结束后被打断，立即打断其他空闲线程
pool.shutdownNow(); //打断所有线程，任务队列里任务会被返回

根据jvm规范关闭线程，关闭守护线程，守护线程中非守护线程也会被关闭

实例如下

public static final ThreadPoolExecutor cardPool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(1, 4, 60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(MAX_TASK_SIZE),
            (r) -> {
    
                Thread t = new Thread(r);
                t.setDaemon(true);
                t.setName("xxxx" + ai.getAndIncrement());
                t.setUncaughtExceptionHandler((th,ex)->{
    
                    //System.out.println(th.getName() + " " + ex.getMessage());
                    loggerHelper.errorLog(th.getName() + " " + ex.getMessage());
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                });
                return t;
            });

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
    
        cardPool.execute(()->{
    
            try {
    
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(6);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println(11111);
        });

        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
        System.out.println("main end");
    }

提交任务

提交任务如果不是自己自定义异常，需要捕获异常，进行异常处理

     try {
    
 pool.execute(() -> {
    

         //任务。。。
       });
     }catch (RejectedExecutionException handler){
    
       //异常处理 根据业务 处理
       loggerHelper.infoLog(" xxxxxx : " + object + " 任务被拒绝...");
     }

关于CompletableFuture.runAsync异步处理任务

CompletableFuture.runAsync 默认是使用 ForkJoinPool.commonPool()线程池, 默认是cpu核心数 -1 线程池线程大小(1个cpu是1个cpu)

   if (parallelism < 0 && // default 1 less than #cores
            (parallelism = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors() - 1) <= 0)
            parallelism = 1;
        if (parallelism > MAX_CAP)
            parallelism = MAX_CAP;

默认线程池(大于1核心，最大核心数 - 1) 并且线程异常无法捕获

CompletableFuture.runAsync 异常处理

 CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> {
    
    System.out.println(" ------- executor --- ");
    System.out.println(" ---------- " + 1 / 0);
}, ExecutorUtil.executor).whenComplete((re,t)->{
    

     System.out.println("结果: " + re);
     System.out.println(t.getMessage());
     t.printStackTrace();
 });

也可以在任务里面 try catch 捕获处理