Emergency lighting design of large stadiums and gymnasiums

Encore Hua Nan

Preface ：

Sports venues are crowded places , When holding sports events and cultural and recreational activities , A large number of people gathered . In a dangerous situation ( Such as fire ) , It is particularly important to ensure personnel evacuation . This article combines with an Olympic Sports Museum ( stadium 、 natatorium ) project , This paper discusses the key points of emergency lighting design for large stadiums and gymnasiums and points needing attention in design .

keyword ： The stadium ; Emergency lighting ; Evacuation instructions ;

1. Design requirements for emergency lighting of stadiums

according to GB 50034—2013《 Lighting design standards for buildings 》, Emergency lighting is defined as : Lighting enabled due to power failure of normal lighting . Emergency lighting includes evacuation lighting 、 Safety lighting 、 Backup lighting . Design requirements for emergency lighting of stadiums , Except to be satisfied GB 50016—2014( 2018 Edition of ) 《 Code for fire protection design of buildings 》13 Chapter 、GB 51348—2019《 Electrical design standard for civil buildings 》 in 10． 4 Section and 13． 6 section 、GB 51309—2018《 Technical standard for fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication system 》 In addition to relevant requirements , It should also meet JGJ 354—2014《 Code for electrical design of sports buildings 》 The first 9 Chapter emergency lighting and lighting of auxiliary rooms .

1. Evacuation lighting design

The smoke proof staircase and its front room of the stadium 、 Evacuation walkway 、 Electricity Distribution Room 、 Fire control room and other evacuation lighting shall be in accordance with GB51309—2018 Design according to relevant requirements in , And pay attention to the design according to the illumination requirements of densely populated places . The contents that need special attention are as follows .

( 1) Evacuation lighting design in large space areas . For swimming pools 、 Gymnasium , The altitude above the competition field is high ( about 20 m above ) , Evacuation lighting shall be in accordance with B Type lamp design . To facilitate installation and maintenance , The installation method of lamps also needs to be combined with the Packway

Layout , Arrange after illuminance calculation . It should be noted that , The competition area is large , There are many lamps ,B The power of type a lamp is large , Usually, the capacity of centralized power supply for site evacuation lighting may exceed 1 kW. Press GB 51309—2018 pass the civil examinations 3．3．8 Article requirement : The rated output power of the centralized power supply shall not be greater than 1 kW when , It can be set in the electric shaft . therefore , Attention should be paid to the centralized power supply capacity of evacuation lighting in the site area and the principle of box setting , If the capacity exceeds 1 kW It needs to be set outside the electric well , Or set in the electric wells on both sides of the site according to the building layout .

B Type selection of centralized power supply ：

 

B Type selection of L-type lamps ：

( 2) Stadium exit and its passage 、 The low-level illumination value of the evacuation lighting ground of the off-site evacuation platform shall not be lower than 5 lx. In the current large-scale sports buildings in China , To meet the use function and stand effect of sports events , It is a common practice to use the public platforms with a half room appearance to evacuate the stands . The appearance of the stadium half room of the project is surrounded by metal roofs and perforated curtain walls , The lower side of the curtain wall is open . The schematic diagram of semi outdoor platform is shown in the figure 1 Shown

 

chart 1 Schematic diagram of semi outdoor platform

According to the irregular and high space above the semi outdoor platform , The design adopts A Type emergency lighting , The way of wall mounting on the wall , The installation height is 3 m. The installation diagram of semi outdoor platform evacuation lighting is shown in the figure 2 Shown .

 

chart 2 Installation diagram of semi outdoor platform evacuation lighting

For outdoor platforms , Set evacuation lighting according to the specification requirements . Because the outdoor platform has floodlighting design , The setting of evacuation lighting fixtures here , Consider the point design and installation in combination with the outdoor platform floodlighting design scheme , The position of floodlight rod is shown in the figure 3 Shown . In practical engineering , Evacuation lighting fixtures are installed without floodlight poles, which can be borrowed , For example, the evacuation lighting of the outdoor platform can be installed on the aluminum curtain wall of the stadium . The installation diagram of outdoor platform evacuation lighting is shown in the figure 4 Shown .

 

chart 3 Position of floodlight pole

 

chart 4 Installation diagram of outdoor platform evacuation lighting

A Type selection of L-type lamps ：

Centralized power supply and centralized control type fire emergency evacuation sign lamp	A-BLJC-2LROEII1W-A430B		Two sided and two-way
			Double sided one-way
Centralized power supply and centralized control type fire emergency evacuation sign lamp	A-BLJC-2LREII1W-A430BFH		Multi information composition
Centralized power supply and centralized control type fire emergency evacuation sign lamp	A-BLJC-1LROXEII1W-A431B		Single side emergency exit
			Single side evacuation exit
			One side to the left
			One side to the right
			One side two-way
			Single side floor indication
			One side forward
Centralized power supply and centralized control type fire emergency lighting fixtures	A-ZFJC-E3W-A603HC A-ZFJC-E6W-A603HC		Imbibition / Wall hanging

 

 

1. Ground evacuation signs

Semi outdoor platforms shall be equipped with continuous visible ground light evacuation indication signs , The spacing of light evacuation indication signs shall not be greater than 3.0 m, In the corner area, it should not be greater than 1.0 m, Ensure that the evacuation route is clear . The schematic diagram of adding ground evacuation indication signs to the semi outdoor platform is shown in the figure 5 Shown .

 

chart 5 Schematic diagram of adding ground evacuation indication signs on semi outdoor platforms

Type selection of ground evacuation indicating lamps ：

 

1. Conclusion

In this paper, the emergency lighting of large stadiums ( Evacuation lighting ) The key points in the design are analyzed and discussed . For some special places , Such as indoor tall space 、 Emergency lighting design for outdoor evacuation platforms and other areas , The specific design scheme is given for reference , Some requirements in special fire protection design are provided .

Large stadiums have different structural forms , There are great differences in spatial structure , The design of emergency lighting needs to be based on the specific situation of the project , Comprehensively consider the design scheme of emergency lighting . On the basis of meeting the requirements of evacuation illumination and other specifications , Also consider the convenience of installation of lamps and pipelines during construction .

【 reference 】

1. Lighting design standards for buildings : GB 50034—2013［S］. 
2. Code for electrical design of sports buildings : JGJ 354—2014［S］. 
3. Technical standard for fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication system : GB 51309— 2018［S］. 
4. Design Committee of Beijing lighting society ． Lighting design manual ［M］． Beijing : China Electric Power Press ,2016．
5. Song Dawei , Discussion on the key points of emergency lighting design of a large stadium .
6. Ankerui enterprise microgrid design and Application Manual 2022.05 edition .