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#gcc -v

gcc Supported files

gcc The build process

The compilation process is not a one-step process , It is divided into precompiled 、 compile 、 assembly 、 link .
Preprocessing ： Source file .c --> Processed source file .i
compile ： Source file .i --> Assembly files .s
assembly ： Assembly files .s --> Target file .o
link ： Relocatable target file .o --> Executable target file (ELF)

But if directly gcc hello.c, will “ direct ” Generate an executable file a.out, In fact, the intermediate process still includes pretreatment 、 compile 、 assembly 、 Link four processes , It is only implemented internally .

Then why not directly generate the execution file ？

1. GNU Thought ： A tool can only do one thing
2. Computer industry thinking ： Standard interface + layered
3. Simplify the work of the compiler 、 Improve the reusability of tools
4. Adapt to more platforms 、CPU framework 、 Instruction set

gcc Common options for

#gcc --help

[email protected]-virtual-machine:/mnt/hgfs/share$ gcc --help
Usage: gcc [options] file...
Options:
  -pass-exit-codes         Exit with highest error code from a phase
  --help                   Display this information
  --target-help            Display target specific command line options
  --help={
    common|optimizers|params|target|warnings|[^]{
    joined|separate|undocumented}}[,...]
                           Display specific types of command line options
  (Use '-v --help' to display command line options of sub-processes)
  --version                Display compiler version information
  -dumpspecs               Display all of the built in spec strings
  -dumpversion             Display the version of the compiler
  -dumpmachine             Display the compiler's target processor
  -print-search-dirs       Display the directories in the compiler's search path
  -print-libgcc-file-name  Display the name of the compiler's companion library
  -print-file-name=<lib>   Display the full path to library <lib>
  -print-prog-name=<prog>  Display the full path to compiler component <prog>
  -print-multiarch         Display the target's normalized GNU triplet, used as
                           a component in the library path
  -print-multi-directory   Display the root directory for versions of libgcc
  -print-multi-lib         Display the mapping between command line options and
                           multiple library search directories
  -print-multi-os-directory Display the relative path to OS libraries
  -print-sysroot           Display the target libraries directory
  -print-sysroot-headers-suffix Display the sysroot suffix used to find headers
  -Wa,<options>            Pass comma-separated <options> on to the assembler
  -Wp,<options>            Pass comma-separated <options> on to the preprocessor
  -Wl,<options>            Pass comma-separated <options> on to the linker
  -Xassembler <arg>        Pass <arg> on to the assembler
  -Xpreprocessor <arg>     Pass <arg> on to the preprocessor
  -Xlinker <arg>           Pass <arg> on to the linker
  -save-temps              Do not delete intermediate files
  -save-temps=<arg>        Do not delete intermediate files
  -no-canonical-prefixes   Do not canonicalize paths when building relative
                           prefixes to other gcc components
  -pipe                    Use pipes rather than intermediate files
  -time                    Time the execution of each subprocess
  -specs=<file>            Override built-in specs with the contents of <file>
  -std=<standard>          Assume that the input sources are for <standard>
  --sysroot=<directory>    Use <directory> as the root directory for headers
                           and libraries
  -B <directory>           Add <directory> to the compiler's search paths
  -v                       Display the programs invoked by the compiler
  -###                     Like -v but options quoted and commands not executed
  -E                       Preprocess only; do not compile, assemble or link
  -S                       Compile only; do not assemble or link
  -c                       Compile and assemble, but do not link
  -o <file>                Place the output into <file>
  -pie                     Create a position independent executable
  -shared                  Create a shared library
  -x <language>            Specify the language of the following input files
                           Permissible languages include: c c++ assembler none
                           'none' means revert to the default behavior of
                           guessing the language based on the file's extension

Options starting with -g, -f, -m, -O, -W, or --param are automatically
 passed on to the various sub-processes invoked by gcc.  In order to pass
 other options on to these processes the -W<letter> options must be used.

For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-5/README.Bugs>.

It's convenient for you to check , Here is a translation version .

 -pass-exit-codes         The highest error code returned when exiting at a certain stage 
 --help                   Show this help description 
 --target-help            Displays command line options specific to the target machine 
 --help={
    target|optimizers|warnings|params|[^]{
    joined|separate|

undocumented}}[,...]    // Show specific types of command line options 

  ( Use ‘-v --help’ Display the command line parameters of the child process )
 --version                Display compiler version information 
 -dumpspecs               Show all built-in  spec  character string 
 -dumpversion             Displays the version number of the compiler 
 -dumpmachine             Displays the target processor of the compiler 
 -print-search-dirs       Displays the compiler's search path 
 -print-libgcc-file-name   Displays the name of the compiler Companion Library 
 -print-file-name=< library >    Show  < library >  Full path to 
 -print-prog-name=< Program >  Show compiler components  < Program >  Full path to 
  -print-multi-directory   Show different versions  libgcc  Root directory 
 -print-multi-lib         Displays the mapping between command line options and multiple version library search paths 
 -print-multi-os-directory  Displays the relative path of the operating system library 
 -print-sysroot           Displays the target library directory 
 -print-sysroot-headers-suffix  Displays the... Used to find header files  sysroot  suffix 
 -Wa,< Options >               Comma separated  < Options >  Pass it to the assembler 
 -Wp,< Options >               Comma separated  < Options >  Pass to preprocessor 
 -Wl,< Options >               Comma separated  < Options >  Pass it to the linker 
  -Xassembler < Parameters >       take  < Parameters >  Pass it to the assembler 
  -Xpreprocessor < Parameters >    take  < Parameters >  Pass to preprocessor 
  -Xlinker < Parameters >          take  < Parameters >  Pass it to the linker 
 -combine                 Passing multiple source files to the assembler at one time 
 -save-temps              Do not delete intermediate files 
 -save-temps=<arg>        Do not delete intermediate files 
 -no-canonical-prefixes   Generate other  gcc  Relative paths of components do not generate normalized 
                           Prefix 
 -pipe                    Use pipes instead of temporary files 
 -time                    Time each child process 
 -specs=< file >            use  < file >  The content of covers the built-in  specs  file 
 -std=< standard >              Specify the standard that the input source file follows 
 --sysroot=< Catalog >         take  < Catalog >  As the root directory of header files and library files 
  -B < Catalog >                take  < Catalog >  Add to the compiler's search path 
  -b < machine >                by  gcc  Specify the target machine ( If installed )
  -V < edition >                Run the specified version of  gcc( If installed )
 -v                       Shows the program that the compiler calls 
 -###                     And  -v  similar , But the options are in quotation marks , And don't execute orders 
 -E                       Pretreatment only , No compilation 、 Compilations and links 
 -S                       Compile to assembly language , No assembly and linking 
 -c                       compile 、 Assemble to object code , Don't link 
  -o < file >                Output to  < file >
  -x < Language >                Specifies the language of the subsequent input file , The languages allowed include ：c c++

assembler none‘none’ It means restoring the default behavior , That is, guess the language of the source file according to the file extension 

 said 

 With  -g、-f、-m、-O、-W  or  --param  The first option will be  g++/gcc  Automatically passed to its call 
  Different sub processes . To pass additional options to these processes , You have to use  -W< Letter >  Options .

adopt gcc --help You can see gcc The option to , The subject is case sensitive . But in fact, there are more than ten options commonly used .