Key points of building fire protection design

0 introduction

Now , The types and quantities of building electrical equipment are increasing , This enriches the use function of the building at the same time , Increased fire hazards . To effectively prevent building electrical fire , Cut off the equipment through monitoring and automatic control immediately after the fire , It can effectively control the development and spread of fire , And reduce the loss caused by it .

The fire protection design of building structure shall include

1、 General layout fire protection , It requires that the general layout design should be based on the use nature of the building 、 Fire hazard 、 terrain 、 Terrain, wind direction and other factors , Make a reasonable layout .

2、 Fire resistance rating of buildings , The classification of building fire resistance rating is the most basic measure in the fire prevention technical measures stipulated in the code for fire protection design of buildings .

3、 Fire compartment and fire separation , In the building, partition components with good fire resistance are used to separate the building space into several areas , One day a fire broke out in an area . The fire will be controlled in this local area . Prevent the fire from spreading .

4、 For some buildings, smoke blocking components are required to divide smoke prevention zones to control the smoke within a certain range . So that it can be discharged by smoke exhaust facilities , Ensure the safe evacuation of personnel and facilitate the smooth progress of fire fighting .

5、 The horizontal evacuation walkway and emergency exit hall on each floor of the building are the main escape routes for people in a fire . Therefore, the ceiling decoration materials shall be A Grade I decoration materials , Other parts shall be no less than Bl Grade decoration materials . Disaster time , In order to prevent people in the building from burning 、 Smoke poisoning and house collapse

6、 In order to prevent sparks or high-temperature molten beads generated by the distribution box from igniting the surrounding combustibles and prevent the heat transfer of the box from igniting the wall decoration materials , The distribution box inside the building shall not be directly installed below B1 Grade decoration materials .

7、 There are many fire sources in the kitchen , The combustion performance of decoration materials shall be strictly required ‘ Kitchens in buildings , Its ceiling 、 Walls 、 The ground shall adopt A Grade I decoration materials .

8、 When a fire breaks out in a windowless room , It is not easy to be detected at the beginning of a fire , When a fire is found . Fires have often spread ; Indoor smoke and toxic gas cannot be eliminated in time. It is difficult for firefighters to carry out fire reconnaissance and fighting . therefore , Except for underground buildings , Combustion performance grade of interior decoration materials for windowless rooms . except A Out of class , It shall be improved by one level on the basis of relevant provisions .