Grasp the detailed procedure of function call stack from instruction reading

int sum(int a, int b)
{
	int temp = 0;
	temp = a + b;
	return temp;
}

int main()
{
	int a = 10; //
	int b = 20;
	int ret = sum(a, b);
	cout << ret << endl;
}

1 mian Function call sum,sum After execution , How do you know to go back to that function ？

2 sum Function execution finished , go back to main in the future , How do you know which line of instruction to continue execution from ？

• ESP： It stores the address of the top of the current function stack frame
• EBP： What's stored is main The address at the bottom of the function stack

int a = 10 => mov dword ptr[a], 0Ah  perhaps  mov dword ptr[ebp - 4], 0Ah
int b = 20; => mov dword ptr[ebp - 8], 14h

sum(a, b) 
= >
mov eax, dword ptr[ebp-8] 
push eax // b
mov eax, dword ptr[ebp-4]
push eax //a

int ret = sum(a, b)
call sum
add esp, 8 //  The address is 0x08124458
mov dword ptr[ebh - 0Ch], eax

int sum(int a,  int b)
{  // push ebp
      mov ebp, esp
      sub esp, 4Ch
	int temp = 0; mov dword ptr[ebp  - 4] 0
	temp = a + b; mov eax, dword ptr[ebp + 0Ch] a + b  mov dword ptr[ebp - 4], eax
	return temp; mov eax, dword ptr[ebp - 4]
}// mov esp, ebp
    pop ebp

ret //  The stack,   Put the contents of the stack into CPU Of PC In the register