Meituan's 8-year experience on how to improve test engineers (automation, performance, test development)

A functional test （ So-called “ Dot ”） In the industry, you can basically get 15k About the salary , But you can't order all the time . enter a profession 3 After year , You need to have more than a few skills , Or go out for an interview , You will feel the pressure from your competitors , You need to show more advanced skills , In this increasingly voluminous testing industry , Continuous learning is a required course .

What to learn , How to learn , Everyone has everyone's opinion , ad locum , Let me talk about it from a personal point of view . Has been engaged in testing industry 8 Years. , I have been engaged in 3 Manual testing in , I feel more and more that if I have been on the road of manual testing , There will be no great development , So through their own efforts , In the early years, it has successfully turned to the direction of automated testing , It's been so long , Now working in meituan test and development framework group , Built a beautiful group platuo The test framework ,thrift The test framework , Automated test platform , be familiar with python3,java,vue, In many companies from 0 To 1 Built an automated testing framework , Ensure the quality of over 100 million Traffic Services . Don't talk too much about dry goods

automated testing , Performance testing , Test open . I believe everyone has heard these words more or less , For new test engineers , These words are very tempting , Because it represents a higher skill level , For a better salary , It is also the identification of personal labels . What do these three words mean . It needs a good explanation .

automated testing ：

Automated testing can be understood as writing runnable test scripts with tools or code , One click execution . After the execution is completed, a test result will appear to tell you how much success has been achieved , How many failures . The meaning of automated testing is to reduce repetitive human labor , Generally, after the business is stable , For regression testing , Simulate the process of manual testing . But we can't say that automation is omnipotent , It is not a substitute for manual testing . And it is a kind of testing behavior that consumes manpower in the early stage , Testers are required to maintain and update scripts .

Put a test report of automated test , From the report, we can see the results of the current automated test ：

At present, automated testing in the industry is mainly divided into Web Terminal UI automation （ Browser web page ）,APP Terminal UI automation （ Move app）, Interface automation .UI Automation mainly simulates the user's operation behavior on the web page , Like clicking on a button , Fill in the content , The main test objects are web pages . Interface automation simulates the behavior of a web page calling a background interface , The test object is mainly the server interface . Here are the tools and frameworks I have come into contact with .

• Web End UI Introduction to automation framework , Ranking in order ：

1. Python+selenium+unittest, Mainstream in the industry UI Automation framework ,python The language is easy to understand . It's very easy to learn
2. Java+selenium+TestNg, With java Language based UI Automation framework . The difference from the above is mainly the difference between programming languages .
3. python+RobotFramework, There is a certain proportion in the testing industry , Keyword Driven Automation .robot For visual tools , introduce selenium After the package, you can UI automation .

• APP Terminal UI Introduction to automation tools , Ranking in order ：

1. Python+Appium+unittest, Mainstream automation frameworks in the industry ,python The language is easy to understand . It's very easy to learn .
2. Java+Appium+TestNg, With java Language based automation framework . The main difference from the above is that it becomes a language .

• Introduction to interface automation framework , Ranking in order ：

1. python+unittest, Interface testing does not rely on third-party packages , So pure code can be achieved ,python The language is easy to understand , add python Self contained unittest Assertion tools enable interface automation . Of course , Now? python+pytest It's also very hot . It is better to learn .
2. Java+TestNg,java Language automation framework ,TestNg by java Built in assertion tool .
3. python+RobotFramework,robotframework For visualization tools , introduce python requests package , Interface automation can be realized .
4. Jmeter+Ant, This tool is generally used as a stress test tool in the industry , But it can also do interface automation . The advantage is visualization tools , Low learning difficulty and cost .

Add up ： Automated testing is indispensable Jenkins, So the above automation should be combined Jenkins To run , therefore Jenkins It is also essential to learn .

Performance testing ：

The performance test mainly aims to test the current server of the company （Linux operating system ） How capable , Ensure that the server can meet XX The pressure of the , Discover the current bottlenecks and solutions of the server . There are not many full-time performance tests in the company , The full-time performance test is generally conducted in the external service company （ The company sells services ） And big companies （ Large users , There's a lot of trading ） Mostly . startup , Ordinary companies generally do not do performance tests .

Introduction to performance testing tools ：

• Jmeter： Open source tools in the industry , Easy to use , Extensibility is strong . Learners need to learn jmeter Common component usage , Script writing .
• loadrunner： Historical mainstream tools , Will gradually be jmter replace .

Study suggest ： learn jmeter that will do , Just because a tool can be used doesn't mean it can be used for stress testing , You still need to learn common stress indicators, such as ：TPS、 Error rate 、90% Average , frequently-used Linux Monitoring commands such as ：top、vmstat. Visualization tools such as ：influxdb. Performance testing is an advanced test content , Need familiarity Linux Server related knowledge , You also need to understand the application principle running on the server . Beginners can only learn a little , It needs to be practiced in the company to gradually improve .

Test Development ：

The term test development can be interpreted as having to be able to test , And be able to develop . The main responsibility of test development in the company is to develop a system that is convenient for testing to improve testing and work efficiency . I developed a system for process control in the company , Will test , The online process is systematized . However, most companies do not have test development positions . Because of the high requirements for testing skills . But the salary of test development is generally very high . Here is the test development learning path .

1. Front end knowledge ：html、css、js、vue, Since we are going to build a system , Front end knowledge must be indispensable .
2. Back end knowledge ： With python The main development framework , such as flask,Django. With java The main development framework , such as springboot.
3. Linux knowledge ： You need to deploy the system to Linux System , therefore Linux The system needs to be very familiar , Not the simple ones Linux Operation command .
4. Database knowledge ： development system , Database knowledge is also essential , Build table ,sql All the statements are to be learned .
5. Other knowledge ： Other knowledge required in the above learning process , such as maven,docker etc.

Learning is a boring thing , For the wallet , Blunt duck ~

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A little help

Finally, thank everyone who reads my article carefully , Watching the rise and attention of fans all the way , Reciprocity is always necessary , Although it's not very valuable , If you can use it, you can take it

​ These materials , For those who want to advance 【 automated testing 】 For our friends, it should be the most comprehensive and complete war preparation warehouse , This warehouse also accompanied me through the most difficult journey , I hope it can help you ！ Everything should be done as soon as possible , Especially in the technology industry , We must improve our technical skills . I hope that's helpful ….